Anthropogenic managed pastures, meadows and tall-herb meadow fringes on fertile deep soils at low and mid-altitudes (rarely also high altitudes) of Europe
Vascular plants: Achillea ageratum, Achillea aspleniifolia, Achillea distans subsp. stricta, Achillea inundata, Achillea micranthoides, Achillea millefolium subsp. millefolium, Achillea millefolium subsp. sudetica, Achillea pratensis, Achillea ptarmica, Achillea roseoalba, Aconogonon alpinum, Adenophora liliifolia, Agrostis capillaris, Agrostis gigantea subsp. gigantea, Agrostis stolonifera subsp. scabriglumis, Agrostis stolonifera subsp. stolonifera, Agrostis x murbeckii, Ajuga reptans, Alchemilla acrodon, Alchemilla acutiloba, Alchemilla canifolia, Alchemilla carinthiaca, Alchemilla colorata, Alchemilla crinita, Alchemilla cymatophylla, Alchemilla diversiloba, Alchemilla eurystoma, Alchemilla flexicaulis, Alchemilla glaucescens, Alchemilla heteropoda, Alchemilla hirtipes, Alchemilla impexa, Alchemilla inconcinna, Alchemilla micans, Alchemilla mollis, Alchemilla monticola, Alchemilla multidens, Alchemilla nydeggeriana, Alchemilla obscura, Alchemilla obtusa, Alchemilla plicata, Alchemilla propinqua, Alchemilla racemulosa, Alchemilla reniformis, Alchemilla rubristipula, Alchemilla schmidelyana, Alchemilla sericoneura, Alchemilla sinuata, Alchemilla strigosula, Alchemilla subcrenata, Alchemilla subglobosa, Alchemilla tenuis, Alchemilla tirolensis, Alchemilla undulata, Alchemilla xanthochlora, Allium angulosum, Allium regelianum, Allium schoenoprasum subsp. schoenoprasum, Allium suaveolens, Alopecurus arundinaceus, Alopecurus bulbosus, Alopecurus geniculatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Alopecurus rendlei, Alopecurus utriculatus, Althaea officinalis, Anacamptis coriophora, Anacamptis palustris subsp. elegans, Anacamptis palustris subsp. palustris, Angelica archangelica, Angelica sylvestris subsp. sylvestris, Anthriscus sylvestris subsp. sylvestris, Aquilegia einseleana, Arabidopsis halleri subsp. halleri, Arabidopsis halleri subsp. ovirensis, Arabis nemorensis, Argentina anserina subsp. anserina, Armeria pocutica, Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. bulbosum, Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. elatius, Astrantia major subsp. major, Avellara fistulosa, Avenula pubescens subsp. laevigata, Avenula pubescens subsp. pubescens, Barbarea intermedia, Barbarea vulgaris subsp. arcuata, Barbarea vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, Beckmannia eruciformis, Bellevalia romana, Bellevalia trifoliata, Bellis perennis, Bistorta krascheninnikovii, Bistorta officinalis, Blackstonia perfoliata, Blysmus compressus, Brachypodium pinnatum, Bromus commutatus subsp. commutatus, Bromus racemosus, Caltha palustris, Campanula glomerata subsp. glomerata, Campanula patula, Campanula patula subsp. patula, Campanula rhomboidalis, Cardamine granulosa, Cardamine matthioli, Cardamine parviflora, Cardamine pratensis, Cardamine schulzii, Cardamine x insueta, Carduus thracicus, Carex binervis, Carex brizoides, Carex cespitosa, Carex cuprina, Carex demissa subsp. cedercreutzii, Carex distans, Carex divisa, Carex divulsa subsp. leersii, Carex filiformis, Carex flacca subsp. serrulata, Carex hartmaniorum, Carex hirta, Carex leporina, Carex mairei, Carex pallescens, Carex panicea, Carex pediformis subsp. rhizodes, Carex viridula, Carex vulpina, Carum carvi, Carum verticillatum, Centaurea jacea subsp. jacea, Centaurea jacea subsp. timbalii, Centaurea jacea subsp. vinyalsii, Centaurea macroptilon, Centaurea nigra subsp. rivularis, Centaurea nigrescens subsp. nigrescens, Centaurea nigrescens subsp. transalpina, Centaurea nigrescens subsp. vochinensis, Centaurea phrygia subsp. phrygia, Centaurea phrygia subsp. pseudophrygia, Centaurea thuillieri, Centaurium littorale subsp. compressum, Cerastium fontanum subsp. fontanum, Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare, Cerastium ligusticum subsp. palustre, Chaerophyllum hirsutum, Chamaemelum nobile, Cirsium canum, Cirsium dissectum, Cirsium helenioides, Cirsium heterophyllum, Cirsium monspessulanum, Cirsium oleraceum, Cirsium palustre, Cirsium pyrenaicum, Cirsium rivulare, Cirsium tenoreanum, Cirsium tuberosum, Clematis integrifolia, Cochlearia glastifolia, Cochlearia megalosperma, Colchicum alpinum, Colchicum autumnale, Colchicum lusitanum, Conioselinum tataricum, Conopodium majus subsp. majus, Crepis aurea, Crepis biennis, Crepis capillaris, Crepis mollis, Crepis paludosa, Crepis pyrenaica, Crepis sibirica, Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus, Cynosurus cristatus, Cyperus distachyos, Cyperus eragrostis, Cyperus longus, Dactylis glomerata subsp. glomerata, Dactylorhiza cordigera, Dactylorhiza elata subsp. sesquipedalis, Dactylorhiza iberica, Dactylorhiza incarnata subsp. incarnata, Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. caramulensis, Dactylorhiza maculata subsp. transsilvanica, Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. majalis, Dactylorhiza sambucina, Daucus carota subsp. carota, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. subtriflora, Deschampsia media subsp. hispanica, Deschampsia media subsp. media, Dianthus superbus subsp. superbus, Dichanthelium acuminatum, Dorycnium rectum, Edraianthus dalmaticus, Elytrigia repens subsp. pseudocaesia, Epilobium hirsutum, Epilobium parviflorum, Epilobium tetragonum subsp. tetragonum, Epilobium tetragonum subsp. tournefortii, Epipactis palustris, Equisetum palustre, Equisetum pratense, Equisetum x trachyodon, Eragrostis curvula, Erica erigena, Euphorbia hirsuta, Euphorbia illirica, Euphorbia lucida, Euphorbia palustris, Euphrasia kerneri, Euphrasia picta, Euphrasia rostkoviana subsp. montana, Euphrasia rostkoviana subsp. rostkoviana, Festuca acuminata, Festuca heteromalla, Festuca nigrescens, Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, Festuca trichophylla subsp. trichophylla, Filipendula ulmaria, Fritillaria meleagris, Fritillaria meleagroides, Galega officinalis, Galium album subsp. album, Galium boreale, Galium debile, Galium mollugo, Galium pumilum subsp. rivulare, Galium rubioides, Galium uliginosum, Galium ×pomeranicum, Gaudinia fragilis, Genista tinctoria, Gentiana asclepiadea, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Gentianella campestris subsp. baltica, Gentianella crispata, Geranium palustre, Geranium phaeum, Geranium pratense, Geranium pseudosibiricum, Geranium sylvaticum, Geum rivale, Gladiolus illyricus, Gladiolus imbricatus, Gladiolus palustris, Gladiolus tenuis, Glyceria striata, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Gratiola officinalis, Gymnadenia conopsea, Heracleum sphondylium subsp. sibiricum, Heracleum sphondylium subsp. sphondylium, Herminium monorchis, Hierochloe hirta subsp. arctica, Holcus lanatus, Hordeum bulbosum, Hordeum secalinum, Hylotelephium telephium, Hypericum caprifolium, Hypericum dubium, Hypericum hircinum subsp. cambessedesii, Hypericum perforatum subsp. latifolium, Hypericum pubescens, Hypericum tetrapterum, Hypericum tomentosum, Hypericum undulatum, Hypericum x desetangsii, Hypochaeris radicata subsp. radicata, Inula britannica, Inula salicina, Iris sibirica, Jacobaea aquatica, Jacobaea erratica, Jasonia tuberosa, Juncus acutiflorus subsp. acutiflorus, Juncus acutiflorus subsp. rugosus, Juncus atratus, Juncus compressus, Juncus conglomeratus, Juncus effusus, Juncus ensifolius, Juncus fontanesii, Juncus inflexus, Juncus striatus, Juncus subnodulosus, Juncus tenuis, Knautia arvensis subsp. arvensis, Knautia arvernensis, Knautia godetii, Knautia sarajevensis, Knautia subcanescens, Knautia transalpina, Laserpitium prutenicum subsp. prutenicum, Lathyrus palustris, Lathyrus pannonicus subsp. asphodeloides, Lathyrus pannonicus subsp. pannonicus, Lathyrus pratensis, Lathyrus pratensis subsp. pratensis, Leontodon hispidus subsp. hastilis, Leontodon hispidus subsp. hispidus, Leucanthemum ircutianum subsp. ircutianum, Leucanthemum vulgare subsp. vulgare, Lilium bosniacum, Lilium martagon var. pilosiusculum, Lilium rhodopeum, Linum bienne, Linum tenue, Lobelia urens, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Lotus corniculatus subsp. corniculatus, Lotus maritimus, Lotus pedunculatus, Lotus tenuis, Lysimachia ephemerum, Lysimachia nummularia, Lysimachia punctata, Lysimachia vulgaris, Lythrum junceum, Lythrum virgatum, Melilotus dentatus, Mentha arvensis, Mentha longifolia, Mentha suaveolens, Mentha x dumetorum, Mentha x niliaca, Mentha x verticillata, Mentha x villosa, Mimulus moschatus, Molinia arundinacea, Molinia caerulea, Myosotis martini, Myosotis michaelae, Myosotis nemorosa, Myosotis scorpioides, Narcissus poeticus subsp. radiiflorus, Narcissus poeticus subsp. verbanensis, Narcissus pseudonarcissus subsp. minor, Narcissus tazetta, Narcissus x incomparabilis, Neoschischkinia reuteri subsp. reuteri, Noccaea brachypetala, Noccaea caerulescens, Noccaea virens, Ochlopoa supina, Oenanthe fistulosa, Oenanthe foucaudii, Oenanthe globulosa, Oenanthe lachenalii, Oenanthe peucedanifolia, Oenanthe pimpinelloides, Oenanthe silaifolia, Onobrychis viciifolia, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Orobanche minor, Paspalum dilatatum, Paspalum distichum, Paspalum vaginatum, Pastinaca sativa subsp. sativa, Pedicularis exaltata, Pedicularis hoermanniana, Pedicularis schizocalyx, Peucedanum coriaceum, Peucedanum hispanicum, Peucedanum lancifolium, Peucedanum rochelianum, Phalacrachena inuloides, Phalaris aquatica, Phalaris coerulescens, Phleum nodosum, Phleum pratense subsp. pratense, Phleum rhaeticum, Phyteuma nigrum, Phyteuma orbiculare, Picris hieracioides subsp. grandiflora, Pilosella caespitosa, Pimpinella major subsp. major, Pimpinella major subsp. rubra, Pimpinella serbica, Plantago alpina, Plantago altissima, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major subsp. intermedia, Plantago major subsp. major, Plantago maritima subsp. serpentina, Plantago media, Platanthera bifolia, Pleurospermum uralense, Poa palustris, Poa pratensis subsp. irrigata, Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis, Poa trivialis subsp. sylvicola, Poa trivialis subsp. trivialis, Polemonium caeruleum, Polypogon viridis, Potentilla anglica, Potentilla indica, Potentilla reptans, Potentilla supina, Primula elatior subsp. intricata, Primula veris subsp. macrocalyx, Prunella hyssopifolia, Prunella vulgaris, Pulicaria dysenterica, Ranunculus aconitifolius, Ranunculus acris subsp. acris, Ranunculus acris subsp. friesianus, Ranunculus allemannii, Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. aleae, Ranunculus carlittensis, Ranunculus concinnatus, Ranunculus crenatolobus, Ranunculus dissectus, Ranunculus doerrii, Ranunculus fiorii, Ranunculus flammula, Ranunculus gortanii, Ranunculus gracilis, Ranunculus granatensis, Ranunculus gregarius, Ranunculus indecorus, Ranunculus integerrimus, Ranunculus juratensis, Ranunculus leptomeris, Ranunculus lingulatus, Ranunculus macrophyllus, Ranunculus marsicus, Ranunculus ollissiponensis subsp. ollissiponensis, Ranunculus phragmiteti, Ranunculus polyanthemos subsp. nemorosus, Ranunculus polyanthemos subsp. polyanthemoides, Ranunculus praetermissus, Ranunculus pronicus, Ranunculus repens, Ranunculus rostratulus, Ranunculus rotundatus, Ranunculus sardous, Ranunculus silanus, Ranunculus strigulosus, Ranunculus thracicus, Ranunculus variabilis, Ranunculus velutinus, Ranunculus walo-kochii, Rhinanthus alectorolophus subsp. alectorolophus, Rhinanthus alpinus, Rhinanthus angustifolius, Rhinanthus mediterraneus, Rhinanthus mediterraneus subsp. pumilus, Rhinanthus minor, Rhinanthus ovifugus, Rhinanthus rumelicus, Romulea bocchierii, Rorippa austriaca, Rorippa brachycarpa, Rorippa islandica, Rorippa pyrenaica, Rorippa sylvestris, Rorippa sylvestris subsp. kerneri, Rorippa x armoracioides, Rumex acetosa subsp. acetosa, Rumex confertus, Rumex conglomeratus, Rumex crispus, Rumex cristatus, Rumex dentatus subsp. dentatus, Rumex obtusifolius subsp. obtusifolius, Rumex pseudonatronatus, Rumex scutatus subsp. scutatus, Rumex stenophyllus, Sagina glabra, Sagina sabuletorum, Sagina subulata, Sagina x normaniana, Salix repens subsp. rosmarinifolia, Salvia pratensis subsp. pratensis, Sanguisorba lateriflora, Sanguisorba officinalis, Schedonorus arundinaceus subsp. arundinaceus, Schedonorus arundinaceus subsp. atlantigenus, Schedonorus arundinaceus subsp. fenas, Schedonorus arundinaceus subsp. mediterraneus, Schedonorus plurifolius, Schedonorus pratensis subsp. pratensis, Schoenus nigricans, Scirpoides holoschoenus, Scirpus atrovirens, Scirpus sylvaticus, Scorzoneroides autumnalis subsp. autumnalis, Scorzoneroides autumnalis subsp. borealis, Scorzoneroides carpetana, Scrophularia laevigata, Scutellaria hastifolia, Scutellaria minor, Selinum carvifolia, Selinum dubium, Senecio doria subsp. doria, Serapias cordigera, Serapias vomeracea, Serratula coronata, Serratula tinctoria subsp. tinctoria, Seseli libanotis, Seseli longifolium, Setaria parviflora, Silaum silaus, Silene dioica, Silene flos-cuculi, Silene laeta, Silene multiflora, Silene sendtneri subsp. sendtneri, Silene subintegra, Silene ungeri, Silene vulgaris subsp. glareosa, Sisyrinchium montanum, Solidago rugosa, Sonchus aquatilis, Spergularia capillacea, Sporobolus indicus, Stachys palustris, Stellaria graminea, Succisella andreae-molinae, Succisella inflexa, Symphytum officinale subsp. officinale, Symphytum officinale subsp. uliginosum, Taraxacum campylodes, Taraxacum cucullatum, Taraxacum pyropappum, Telekia speciosa, Tephroseris crispa, Tephroseris helenitis subsp. helenitis, Tephroseris helenitis subsp. macrochaeta, Tephroseris helenitis subsp. salisburgensis, Tephroseris integrifolia subsp. aurantiaca, Tephroseris longifolia subsp. gaudinii, Tephroseris longifolia subsp. moravica, Teucrium scordium subsp. scordium, Thalictrum flavum, Thalictrum lucidum, Thalictrum minus subsp. saxatile, Thalictrum simplex subsp. galioides, Thalictrum simplex subsp. simplex, Thalictrum speciosissimum, Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. porrifolius, Tragopogon pratensis, Tragopogon pratensis subsp. minor, Tragopogon pratensis subsp. orientalis, Tragopogon tommasinii, Trifolium alexandrinum, Trifolium badium, Trifolium cinctum, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium fragiferum subsp. fragiferum, Trifolium hybridum subsp. anatolicum, Trifolium hybridum subsp. elegans, Trifolium hybridum subsp. hybridum, Trifolium incarnatum subsp. incarnatum, Trifolium lappaceum, Trifolium lupinaster, Trifolium michelianum var. michelianum, Trifolium micranthum, Trifolium pallidum, Trifolium patens, Trifolium pratense var. frigidum, Trifolium pratense var. pratense, Trifolium repens var. repens, Trifolium resupinatum, Trifolium spadiceum, Trifolium subterraneum subsp. yanninicum, Trisetum flavescens subsp. flavescens, Trollius europaeus, Valeriana dioica, Valeriana excelsa subsp. excelsa, Valeriana excelsa subsp. sambucifolia, Valeriana officinalis, Valeriana pratensis subsp. pratensis, Verbena officinalis, Veronica chamaedrys subsp. chamaedrys, Veronica filiformis, Veronica longifolia, Veronica serpyllifolia subsp. humifusa, Veronica serpyllifolia subsp. serpyllifolia, Vicia cracca, Vicia cracca subsp. cracca, Vicia sepium, Viola canina subsp. schultzii, Viola cornuta, Viola elatior, Viola elegantula, Viola pumila, Viola stagnina, Viola tricolor subsp. alpestris, Viola tricolor subsp. tricolor, Willemetia stipitata, x Agropogon lutosus