T1C Temperate and boreal mountain Betula and Populus tremula forest on mineral soils
Open, low canopy climax birch (Betula litwinowii, Betula pubescens var. glabrata, Betula pubescens var. pumila) and aspen (Populus tremula) forests with a heathy or herb-rich field layer in the boreal zone, temperate mountain ranges including the Caucasus, and temperate zone of Eastern European lowlands.
Remark: Non-mountain closed, secondary birch and aspen forests of the boreal and temperate zones of Eastern Europe also belong to this habitat, which may require a change of the habitat name.
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Chytrý M., Tichý L., Hennekens S.M., Knollová I., Janssen J.A.M., Rodwell J.S. … Schaminée J.H.J. (2020) EUNIS Habitat Classification: expert system, characteristic species combinations and distribution maps of European habitats. Applied Vegetation Science 23: 648–675. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12519
Version 2021-06-01, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4812736.
For the official presentation of the EUNIS Habitat Classification from the European Environment Agency, please see: EUNIS Terrestrial Habitat Classification 2021. The FloraVeg.EU presentation may show modifications and partial updates to the habitat classification.