FloraVeg.EU

T27 Ilex aquifolium forest

Diagnostic taxa

Fagus sylvatica, Hedera helix aggr., Ilex aquifolium, Lonicera periclymenum, Pteridium aquilinum, Quercus petraea, Rubus fruticosus aggr., Sanicula europaea

Bryophytes: Hypnum andoi, Isothecium myosuroides, Metzgeria furcata, Mnium hornum, Polytrichum formosum, Thuidium tamariscinum

Constant taxa

Avenella flexuosa, Betula pubescens, Blechnum spicant, Castanea sativa, Corylus avellana, Crataegus monogyna, Dioscorea communis, Dryopteris carthusiana aggr., Dryopteris filix-mas aggr., Fagus sylvatica, Frangula alnus, Fraxinus excelsior, Geranium robertianum, Hedera helix aggr., Ilex aquifolium, Lonicera periclymenum, Melica uniflora, Oxalis acetosella, Pteridium aquilinum, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur, Rubus fruticosus aggr., Rubus ulmifolius, Ruscus aculeatus, Sanicula europaea, Sorbus aucuparia, Teucrium scorodonia, Vaccinium myrtillus

Bryophytes: Dicranum scoparium, Hypnum cupressiforme aggr., Isothecium myosuroides, Kindbergia praelonga, Leucobryum glaucum, Mnium hornum, Polytrichum formosum, Thuidium tamariscinum

Dominant taxa

Avenella flexuosa, Fagus sylvatica, Hedera helix aggr., Ilex aquifolium, Pteridium aquilinum, Quercus petraea, Quercus robur

Chytrý M., Tichý L., Hennekens S.M., Knollová I., Janssen J.A.M., Rodwell J.S. … Schaminée J.H.J. (2020) EUNIS Habitat Classification: expert system, characteristic species combinations and distribution maps of European habitats. Applied Vegetation Science 23: 648–675. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12519

Version 2025-10-03, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16895007.

For the official presentation of the EUNIS Habitat Classification from the European Environment Agency, please see: EUNIS Terrestrial Habitat Classification 2021. The FloraVeg.EU presentation may show modifications and partial updates to the habitat classification.