Xanthium orientale

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Habitus and growth type

  • Plant height [m]: 0.72
    ?
  • Life span: Annual
    ?
  • Life form: Therophyte
    ?

Leaf

  • Specific leaf area [mm2/mg]: 13.27
    ?

Flower

  • Flowering period: June-October
    ?

Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Seed mass [mg]: 395.86
    ?
  • Dispersal mode: Local non-specific dispersal, Anthropochory
    ?
  • Dispersal distance class: 2, 7
    ?

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotroph
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  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
    ?
  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
    ?

Taxon origin

  • Origin in Europe: Neophyte
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Ecology

  • Environmental relationships

  • Substrate humidity relationship: Wet
    ?
  • Substrate reaction relationship: Alkaline
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  • Nutrient relationship: Eutrophic
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  • Salinity relationship: Non-saline
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  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 7.9
    ?
  • Moisture indicator value: 6.9
    ?
  • Reaction indicator value: 6.8
    ?
  • Nutrient indicator value: 7
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 0.2
    ?
  • Disturbance indicator values

  • Disturbance frequency: 1.51
    ?
  • Disturbance frequency (herb layer): 1.74
    ?
  • Disturbance severity: 0.65
    ?
  • Disturbance severity (herb layer): 0.64
    ?
  • Mowing frequency: 0.24
    ?
  • Grazing pressure: 0.18
    ?
  • Soil disturbance: 0.49
    ?

Habitat and sociology

  • EUNIS habitat

  • Diagnostic species of EUNIS habitats: N12 Mediterranean and Black Sea sand beach
    ?
  • Broad habitat

  • Occurrence in broad habitats: Coastal beach, dune or shingle, Wetland, Scrub, Sparsely vegetated (incl. rock and scree), Synanthropic
    ?

Distribution

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