Smyrnium perfoliatum

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Habitus and growth type

  • Plant height [m]: 0.76
    ?
  • Life span: Biennial or short-lived
    ?
  • Life form: Hemicryptophyte
    ?

Leaf

  • Specific leaf area [mm2/mg]: 31.26
    ?

Flower

  • Flowering period: February-May
    ?

Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Seed mass [mg]: 8.73
    ?
  • Dispersal mode: Local non-specific dispersal
    ?
  • Dispersal distance class: 2
    ?

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotroph
    ?
  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
    ?
  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
    ?

Taxon origin

  • Origin in Europe: Native
    ?

Ecology

  • Environmental relationships

  • Substrate humidity relationship: Mesic
    ?
  • Substrate reaction relationship: Alkaline
    ?
  • Nutrient relationship: Eutrophic
    ?
  • Salinity relationship: Non-saline
    ?
  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Moisture indicator value: 4.7
    ?
  • Reaction indicator value: 7.5
    ?
  • Nutrient indicator value: 7.2
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 0
    ?
  • Disturbance indicator values

  • Disturbance frequency: 0.12
    ?
  • Disturbance frequency (herb layer): 1.37
    ?
  • Disturbance severity: 0.7
    ?
  • Disturbance severity (herb layer): 0.24
    ?
  • Mowing frequency: 0.08
    ?
  • Grazing pressure: 0.21
    ?
  • Soil disturbance: 0.15
    ?

Habitat and sociology

  • Broad habitat

  • Occurrence in broad habitats: Wetland, Scrub, Sparsely vegetated (incl. rock and scree), Synanthropic
    ?

Distribution

  • Continentality: 6
    ?
  • Continentality amplitude: 2
    ?
  • Country-based map: Euro+Med Plantbase
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