Centaurea aspera

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Habitus and growth type

  • Plant height [m]: 0.43
    ?
  • Life span: Perennial
    ?
  • Life form: Hemicryptophyte
    ?

Leaf

  • Specific leaf area [mm2/mg]: 16.09
    ?

Flower

  • Flowering period: May-July
    ?

Fruit, seed and dispersal

  • Seed mass [mg]: 5.65
    ?
  • Dispersal mode: Myrmecochory
    ?
  • Dispersal distance class: 3
    ?

Trophic mode

  • Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotroph
    ?
  • Carnivory: non-carnivorous
    ?
  • Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts
    ?

Taxon origin

  • Origin in Europe: Native
    ?

Ecology

  • Environmental relationships

  • Substrate humidity relationship: Dry
    ?
  • Substrate reaction relationship: Alkaline
    ?
  • Nutrient relationship: Mesotrophic
    ?
  • Salinity relationship: Non-saline
    ?
  • Ellenberg-type indicator values

  • Light indicator value: 8.8
    ?
  • Temperature indicator value: 8.4
    ?
  • Moisture indicator value: 2.3
    ?
  • Reaction indicator value: 7
    ?
  • Nutrient indicator value: 5.2
    ?
  • Salinity indicator value: 0
    ?
  • Disturbance indicator values

  • Disturbance frequency: 1.1
    ?
  • Disturbance frequency (herb layer): 1.71
    ?
  • Disturbance severity: 0.66
    ?
  • Disturbance severity (herb layer): 0.6
    ?
  • Mowing frequency: 0.38
    ?
  • Grazing pressure: 0.21
    ?
  • Soil disturbance: 0.35
    ?

Habitat and sociology

  • EUNIS habitat

  • Diagnostic species of EUNIS habitats: S65 Mediterranean gypsum scrub
    ?
  • Broad habitat

  • Occurrence in broad habitats: Coastal beach, dune or shingle, Scrub, Synanthropic
    ?

Distribution

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