Dry grasslands on sandy soils and on rocky outcrops of the temperate to boreal zones of Europe, the North Atlantic islands and Greenland
Vascular plants: Achillea micrantha, Agropyron dasyanthum, Agrostis gigantea subsp. pontica, Agrostis sabulicola, Agrostis vinealis, Aira caryophyllea subsp. caryophyllea, Aira praecox, Alkanna tinctoria, Allium guttatum subsp. guttatum, Alyssum calycocarpum, Alyssum gmelinii, Alyssum hirsutum, Alyssum lenense, Anagallis monelli, Anchusa gmelinii, Anchusa ochroleuca, Anchusa popovii, Androsace elongata subsp. elongata, Androsace maxima subsp. maxima, Androsace septentrionalis, Anisantha tectorum, Anthemis regis-borisii, Anthemis ruthenica, Anthoxanthum aristatum, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Apera interrupta, Arabidopsis arenosa subsp. arenosa, Arenaria controversa, Arenaria marschlinsii, Arenaria rigida, Armeria arenaria subsp. arenaria, Armeria maritima subsp. elongata, Artemisia campestris subsp. campestris, Artemisia campestris subsp. inodora, Asclepias syriaca, Asparagus officinalis subsp. prostratus, Asparagus pallasii, Asperula graveolens, Asperula setulosa, Asperula tenella, Astragalus arenarius, Astragalus varius, Atocion rupestre, Bombycilaena discolor, Bromus hordeaceus subsp. thominei, Bromus squarrosus, Bupleurum gerardi, Carex arenaria, Carex colchica, Carex praecox, Carex stenophylla, Centaurea appendicata, Centaurea breviceps, Centaurea diffusa, Centaurea donetzica, Centaurea jordaniana subsp. verguinii, Centaurea konkae, Centaurea majorovii, Centaurea margaritalba, Centaurea paczoskii, Centaurea protogerberi, Centaurea protomargaritacea, Centaurea triniifolia, Cephalaria uralensis, Cerastium ligusticum subsp. ligusticum, Cerastium semidecandrum, Chondrilla juncea, Chorispora tenella, Cleome iberica, Coincya monensis subsp. cheiranthos, Colchicum arenarium, Corispermum hyssopifolium, Corispermum nitidum, Corispermum ucrainicum, Corynephorus canescens, Crocus reticulatus, Cyanus depressus, Dianthus arenarius subsp. arenarius, Dianthus arenarius subsp. pseudoserotinus, Dianthus bessarabicus, Dianthus borbasii subsp. borbasii, Dianthus carthusianorum, Dianthus deltoides subsp. deltoides, Dianthus krylovianus, Dianthus platyodon, Dianthus pseudarmeria, Dianthus serotinus, Dianthus sylvestris subsp. sylvestris, Drymocallis rupestris, Echium vulgare subsp. vulgare, Elymus alaskanus subsp. scandicus, Elymus uralensis subsp. viridiglumis, Ephedra distachya subsp. distachya, Equisetum ramosissimum, Erodium cicutarium, Erodium hoefftianum, Erysimum cuspidatum, Erysimum diffusum, Erysimum montanum, Euphorbia seguieriana subsp. seguieriana, Festuca beckeri, Festuca filiformis, Festuca longifolia subsp. longifolia, Festuca ovina subsp. ovina, Festuca polesica, Festuca psammophila subsp. dominii, Festuca psammophila subsp. psammophila, Festuca pseudovaginata, Festuca stricta subsp. trachyphylla, Festuca vaginata, Festuca vasconcensis, Festuca wagneri, Filago arvensis, Filago minima, Galium verum subsp. verum, Gelasia ensifolia, Geum heterocarpum, Goniolimon graminifolium, Gypsophila belorossica, Gypsophila collina, Gypsophila fastigiata, Gypsophila paniculata, Gypsophila scorzonerifolia, Helichrysum arenarium, Herniaria glabra subsp. glabra, Herniaria maritima, Herniaria polygama, Herniaria scabrida subsp. scabrida, Hylotelephium anacampseros, Hypochaeris radicata subsp. radicata, Jacobaea borysthenica, Jasione montana, Jasione sessiliflora, Jovibarba globifera subsp. arenaria, Jurinea cyanoides, Jurinea longifolia, Koeleria glauca subsp. glauca, Linaria sabulosa, Linaria simplex, Lomelosia argentea, Mibora minima, Micropyrum tenellum, Minuartia glaucina, Minuartia hybrida subsp. hybrida, Minuartia hybrida subsp. vaillantiana, Minuartia rostrata, Minuartia rubra, Minuartia viscosa, Moenchia erecta, Moenchia mantica, Myosotis minutiflora, Myosotis ramosissima, Myosotis stricta, Neoschischkinia truncatula subsp. durieui, Odontarrhena tortuosa subsp. savranica, Odontarrhena tortuosa subsp. tortuosa, Omphalodes littoralis subsp. littoralis, Onosma arenaria, Opuntia engelmannii, Ornithopus perpusillus, Papaver albiflorum subsp. albiflorum, Peucedanum arenarium, Phelipanche arenaria, Phleum arenarium, Pilosella officinarum subsp. officinarum, Pilosella peleteriana, Pilosella peleteriana subsp. subpeleteriana, Pilosella portae, Plantago holosteum, Plantago lanceolata, Poa glauca subsp. glauca, Polycnemum heuffelii, Polygonum arenarium, Polygonum graminifolium, Potentilla alsatica, Potentilla inclinata, Pulsatilla pratensis, Saxifraga osloensis, Scandix stellata, Scleranthus perennis subsp. perennis, Secale sylvestre, Sedum acre, Sedum annuum, Sedum brevifolium, Sedum hirsutum subsp. hirsutum, Sedum hybridum, Sedum kostovii, Sedum ochroleucum, Sedum rubens, Sedum sexangulare, Sesamoides purpurascens subsp. spathulata, Seseli tortuosum, Silene borysthenica, Silene chlorantha, Silene hellmannii, Silene lituanica, Silene media, Silene uniflora subsp. thorei, Silene viscosa, Spergula morisonii, Sporobolus neglectus, Sporobolus vaginiflorus, Stipa borysthenica, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Thymus moldavicus, Thymus pallasianus, Thymus serpyllum subsp. serpyllum, Thymus serpyllum subsp. tanaensis, Thymus villosus subsp. lusitanicus, Thymus x dimorphus, Tragopogon borystenicus, Tragopogon tanaiticus, Tragopogon ucrainicus, Trifolium arvense, Trifolium incarnatum subsp. molinerii, Trifolium striatum, Verbascum purpureum, Veronica dillenii, Vicia lathyroides, Viola hymettia, Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii, Viola tricolor subsp. tricolor, Vulpia bromoides, Vulpia myuros