Relict pine forests and related scrub on calcareous and ultramafic substrates of the Balkans, the Alps, the Carpathians and Crimea
Vascular plants: Adenophora taurica, Amelanchier ovalis subsp. ovalis, Aquilegia atrata, Asplenium adiantum-nigrum subsp. serpentini, Astragalus austriacus, Brachypodium rupestre, Bromopsis cappadocica subsp. cappadocica, Buphthalmum salicifolium subsp. salicifolium, Calamagrostis varia, Callianthemum anemonoides, Carex alba, Carex ericetorum, Carex humilis, Carex ornithopoda, Cephalaria flava, Cerastium alsinifolium, Cerastium biebersteinii, Coronilla coronata, Coronilla vaginalis, Crepis alpestris, Crepis froelichiana subsp. dinarica, Cytisus emeriflorus, Cytisus purpureus, Dactylis glomerata subsp. reichenbachii, Daphne blagayana, Daphne cneorum, Daphne striata, Dictamnus gymnostylis, Epipactis atrorubens, Epipactis helleborine subsp. orbicularis, Epipactis muelleri, Erica carnea, Euphorbia graminifolia, Euphorbia saxatilis, Euphorbia triflora subsp. kerneri, Euphrasia cuspidata, Festuca amethystina, Galium austriacum, Galium biebersteinii, Galium x carmineum, Genista januensis, Genista radiata, Juniperus sabina, Knautia carinthiaca, Knautia dinarica, Knautia ressmannii, Knautia slovaca, Knautia x norica, Laserpitium hispidum, Laserpitium krapfii subsp. krapfii, Leucanthemum adustum subsp. margaritae, Melampyrum hoermannianum, Molinia arundinacea, Noccaea goesingensis, Noccaea montana, Onobrychis saxatilis, Ononis natrix, Oxytropis pilosa, Paeonia daurica, Phlomis herba-venti subsp. pungens, Picea omorika, Pinus heldreichii, Pinus mugo subsp. mugo, Pinus nigra subsp. dalmatica, Pinus nigra subsp. nigra, Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus x rhaetica, Platanthera chlorantha, Poa taurica, Polygala chamaebuxus, Potentilla carniolica, Pulsatilla halleri subsp. slavica, Pulsatilla halleri subsp. styriaca, Pyrola chlorantha, Pyrola media, Rhamnus alpina subsp. fallax, Rhamnus saxatilis subsp. saxatilis, Rhodothamnus chamaecistus, Salvia tomentosa, Sesleria rigida, Sesleria robusta subsp. robusta, Sorbus chamaemespilus, Stachys scardica, Steveniella satyrioides, Thesium rostratum, Thymus praecox subsp. widderi, Thymus roegneri, Veronica taurica, Viola rupestris, Viscum album subsp. austriacum