Relict extrazonal temperate deciduous birch-poplar woods on mineral soils of Europe
Fragario vescae-Populetalia tremulae Willner et Mucina in Willner et al. 2016 nom. inval. (3b)
Fragario vescae-Populetalia tremulae Willner et Mucina in Willner et al. 2016 nom. inval. (3b)
bra01 | This (preliminary coined) order comprises natural pioneer and secondary birch-poplar woods on mineral soils in the temperate zone of Europe. The tree species composition resembles the forests that dominated Europe in the Early Holocene, i.e. before the Carpino-Fagetea species returned from their glacial refugia. See also Willner et al. (2016). (W. Willner).