Fringe vegetation of semi-shaded forest margins and similar situations on acidic, nutrient-poor soils in the cooler Atlantic, subatlantic and subcontinental regions of Europe, becoming rare and more species-poor in Eastern Europe. It is generally dominated by bulky grasses and tall forbs, rather species-poor, and ultimately dependent on extensive grazing or occasional mowing to prevent encroachment by shrubs and trees that threaten denser shade.
Chytrý M., Tichý L., Hennekens S.M., Knollová I., Janssen J.A.M., Rodwell J.S. … Schaminée J.H.J. (2020) EUNIS Habitat Classification: expert system, characteristic species combinations and distribution maps of European habitats. Applied Vegetation Science 23: 648–675. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12519
Version 2021-06-01, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4812736.
For the official presentation of the EUNIS Habitat Classification from the European Environment Agency, please see: EUNIS Terrestrial Habitat Classification 2021. The FloraVeg.EU presentation may show modifications and partial updates to the habitat classification.