AA (PAP) Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

Polar deserts of the Arctic zone of the Arctic Ocean archipelagos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

pap01 | This new class (for the protologue see Daniëls et al. 2016) represents the zonal vegetation of the polar desert zone delineated by Bay (1997: 685–696, Fig. 7) as the Subzone A, which is characterised by sparse vegetation of vascular plants, lack of woody plants, absence (unlike in tundra) of sedges (Carex), absence of bog mosses (Sphagnum), and a pronounced occurrence of other bryophytes as well as lichens and cyanobacteria. (F. Daniëls).

AA01 (PAP-01) Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Papaveretalia dahliani Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

Polar deserts of the Arctic zone of the Arctic Ocean archipelagos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Papaveretalia dahliani Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

Synonyms

AA01A (PAP-01A) Papaverion dahliani Hofmann ex Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

Polar deserts of the Arctic zone of the Arctic Ocean archipelagos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Papaverion dahliani Hofmann ex Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

Synonyms

AB (KOB) Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii Ohba 1974

Circum-arctic fellfield and dwarf-scrub graminoid tundra, and relict wind-exposed short grasslands on base-rich substrates in the alpine and subnival belts of the European boreal and nemoral mountain ranges

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii Ohba 1974

Synonyms

AB01 (KOB-01) Thymo arcticae-Kobresietalia bellardii Ohba 1974

Graminoid tundra and dwarf-shrub fellfield vegetation of Scandinavia, Northern Russia, Iceland, the Arctic Ocean islands, Greenland and the Arctic North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thymo arcticae-Kobresietalia bellardii Ohba 1974

Synonyms

AB01A (KOB-01A) Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1943

Graminoid tundra and dwarf-scrub heath vegetation of Scotland, Scandinavia, Iceland and the Arctic Ocean islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kobresio-Dryadion Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

AB01B (KOB-01B) Dryado octopetalae-Caricion arctisibiricae Koroleva et Kulyugina in Chytrý et al. 2015

Graminoid tundra and dwarf-scrub heath vegetation of Arctic Western Russia and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dryado octopetalae-Caricion arctisibiricae Koroleva et Kulyugina in Chytrý et al. 2015

Synonyms

AB01C (KOB-01C) Dryadion integrifoliae Ohba ex Daniëls 1982

Graminoid tundra and dwarf-scrub heath vegetation of Greenland and the Arctic North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dryadion integrifoliae Ohba ex Daniëls 1982

Synonyms

AB02 (KOB-02) Oxytropido-Elynetalia Albrecht 1969

Relict summit graminoid tundra in the alpine and subnival belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Carpathians, the Apennines and the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxytropido-Elynetalia Albrecht 1969

Synonyms

AB02A (KOB-02A) Oxytropido-Elynion myosuroidis Br.-Bl. 1950

Summit graminoid tundra in the alpine and subnival belts of the Pyrenees, the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxytropido-Elynion myosuroidis Br.-Bl. 1950

Synonyms

Remark

kob06 | In part IV of the ‘Übersicht der Pflanzengesellschaft Rätiens’, Braun-Blanquet (1949c) published the name 'Oxytropido-Elynion Br.-Bl. 1948', containing only one association – the 'Elynetum (Brockmann-Jerosch) Br.-Bl. 1913' to which a proper reference was made in the protologue. However, the bibliographical references, gathered in part VI of the publication, were published as late as in 1950 (Braun-Blanquet 1950), and therefore the date of the valid publication of the name is 1950 and not 1949. In part IV in 1949, there is no citation of the name 'Elynion medioeuropaeum' and, although Braun-Blanquet refers explicitly to his 'Vegetations-Monographie der Ostpyrenäen (1948)' in the text, there is no effective bibliographical reference to Braun-Blanquet (1948) either directly in the text or in the bibliography published in 1950. As a result, the name 'Oxytropido-Elynion' cannot be considered as an explicit substitution of the illegitimate 'Elynion medioeuropaeum' by Braun-Blanquet (1948), and the correct citation of the name is Oxytropido-Elynion Br.-Bl. 1950. (J.-P. Theurillat).

AB02B (KOB-02B) Leontopodio nivalis-Elynion myosuroidis (Blasi et al. 2003) Di Pietro et Mucina in Chytrý et al. 2015

Summit graminoid tundra in the alpine and subnival belts of the Apennines and the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leontopodio nivalis-Elynion myosuroidis (Blasi et al. 2003) Di Pietro et Mucina in Chytrý et al. 2015

Synonyms

AB02C (KOB-02C) Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1933

Alpine tussock grasslands on mylonites of the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion versicoloris Krajina 1933

Synonyms

AB02D (KOB-02D) Agrostion alpinae Jeník et al. 1980

Subalpine tussock grasslands on steep or terraced slopes on base-rich substrates of the Eastern Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostion alpinae Jeník et al. 1980

Synonyms

Remark

kob08 | Kočí (in Chytrý 2007: 84) classified this alliance into the Elyno-Seslerietea, with reservations. (L. Mucina).

AB03 (KOB-03) Kobresietalia capilliformis Tsepkova 1987

Chionophobous summit graminoid and dwarf-scrub mountain tundra in the alpine and subnival belts of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kobresietalia capilliformis Tsepkova 1987

Synonyms

AB03A (KOB-03A) Kobresion capilliformis Tsepkova 1987

Chionophobous summit graminoid mountain tundra in the alpine and subnival belts of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kobresion capilliformis Tsepkova 1987

Synonyms

Remark

kob10 | Onipchenko (2002) did not accept both the Kobresion capilliformis Tsepkova 1987 and the Kobresietalia capilliformis Tsepkova 1987 and included the Alchemillo-Kobresietum capilliformis Tsepkova 1987 in the Oxytropido-Elynion Br.-Bl. 1949 (Oxytropido-Kobresietalia, Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii). (N. Ermakov).

AB03B (KOB-03B) Salici kazbekensis-Empetrion nigrae Onipchenko 2002

Chionophobous summit ericoid dwarf-heath mountain tundra in the alpine and subnival belts of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salici kazbekensis-Empetrion nigrae Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

AC (LOI) Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinietea Eggler ex Schubert 1960

Arctic-boreal tundra scrub and relict alpine acidophilous dwarf-heath mountain tundra of Eurasia and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinietea Eggler ex Schubert 1960

Synonyms

Remark

loi01 | This class comprises primary dwarf heath (tundra and European mountain tundra) composed of arctic and arctic-alpine elements. The Calluno-Ulicetea, on the other hand, comprises primary (and secondary) heath of low altitudes or secondary heath of the montane to subalpine belt replacing original coniferous forests. (L. Mucina).

AC01 (LOI-01) Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinietalia Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Relic acidophilous dwarf-heath mountain tundra in the subalpine and alpine belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of Western, Central and Southern Europe, and the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinietalia Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

Remark

loi04 | The order is validly published with the Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 as its typus. Therefore, if the Loiseleurio-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 were to be placed in another order, then ICPN art. 29c would apply and the other order would become a nomen superfluum, because the earliest name Rhododendro-Vaccinietalia would always have the priority. This would apply also if the type of the alliance, the Empetro-Vaccinietum Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926, were placed in another order. (J.-P. Theurillat).

AC01A (LOI-01A) Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Relic alpine silicicolous dwarf heath in wind-exposed habitats of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

AC01B (LOI-01B) Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. ex Schnyder 1930

Relic subalpine and alpine silicicolous chionophilous low heath of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro ferruginei-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. ex Schnyder 1930

Synonyms

AC01C (LOI-01C) Vaccinion myrtilli Krajina 1933

Relic subalpine and alpine silicicolous chionophilous dwarf heath of the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinion myrtilli Krajina 1933

Synonyms

Remark

loi06 | Šibík et al. (2007; see also Kliment & Valachovič 2007) amended the original concept of Krajina (1933), by excluding the Pinus mugo krummholz and typifying the alliance by choosing the Vaccinietum myrtilli tatricum Szafer et al. 1927 as the lectotypus. (L. Mucina).

AC01D (LOI-01D) Rhododendrion myrtifolii de Foucault ex Theurillat et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Relic subalpine and alpine acidophilous chionophilous dwarf heath of the Eastern and Southern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendrion myrtifolii de Foucault ex Theurillat et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

loi07 | The invalid 'Rhododendrion kotschyi de Foucault 1991' (de Foucault 1991: 163), is validated here: Rhododendrion myrtifolii de Foucault ex Theurillat et Mucina all. nov. hoc loco. The holotypus (hoc loco) is the Junco trifidi-Rhododendretum kotschyi Resmeriţă 1978 (original name: 'Rhodoreto-Juncetum trifidi Resmeriţă 1975'). The name of the association was published at first as a nomen nudum in Resmeriţă (1975: 345). Then the name was incidentally validly published on p. 370 in Resmeriţă (1978). The diagnostic taxa of the new alliance are Rhododendron myrtifolium, Potentilla aurea subsp. chrysocraspeda and Soldanella major. (J.-P. Theurillat).

AC01E (LOI-01E) Rhododendrion caucasici Onipchenko 2002

Rhododendron-dominated ericoid chionophilous low scrub of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendrion caucasici Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

AC02 (LOI-02) Vaccinio microphylli-Juniperetalia nanae Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1998

Subxeric and subthermophilous low juniper scrub in the supramontane to subalpine belts of Southern Europe and the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio microphylli-Juniperetalia nanae Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1998

Synonyms

AC02A (LOI-02A) Juniperion nanae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939

Subalpine chionophobous silicicolous low juniper scrub of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion nanae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939

Synonyms

AC02B (LOI-02B) Daphno oleoidis-Juniperion alpinae Stanisci 1997

Subalpine and supramontane chionophobous calcicolous dry low juniper scrub of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Daphno oleoidis-Juniperion alpinae Stanisci 1997

Synonyms

AC02C (LOI-02C) Aconito nasuti-Juniperion communis Onipchenko 2002

Subalpine chionophobous silicicolous low juniper scrub of the Caucausus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aconito nasuti-Juniperion communis Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

Remark

loi10 | It appears that the eponymous taxon called 'Juniperus communis' by Onipchenko (2002) is the local endemic Juniperus communis subsp. oblonga (M. Bieb.) Galushko (considered as a variety by Hantemirova et al. 2012). (L. Mucina).

AC03 (LOI-03) Deschampsio flexuosae-Vaccinietalia myrtilli Dahl 1957

Zonal arctic and montane boreo-arctic acidophilous dwarf heath of Scandinavia, northern Eurasia, Arctic Ocean archipelagos and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsio flexuosae-Vaccinietalia myrtilli Dahl 1957

Synonyms

Remark

loi11 | As documented by the synoptic table of de Foucault (1991: 155), there is a marked difference between the relict Vaccinium heath of the European nemoral mountains, and analogous communities found in boreo-atlantic Great Britain, Scandinavia, Northern Russia and the Arctic Ocean islands. The latter are featured in the synoptic table as columns 12 through 15 and show an absence of Rhododendron species and presence of arctic elements such as Betula nana, Carex bigelowii, Diapsensia lapponica, Lycopodium alpinum and Phyllodoce caerulea. This group of communities is here classified as the Deschampsio-Vaccinietalia myrtilli, comprising two alliances − the Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion and the Phyllodoco-Vaccinion. (L. Mucina) FD does not support the concept of this order and prefers classifying this vegetation within the Rhododendro-Vaccinietalia.

AC03A (LOI-03A) Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943

Arctic and boreo-alpine tundra scrub in wind-exposed habitats of Scandinavia, Northern Russia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

Remark

loi12 | Nordhagen's name has the priority over the Loiseleurio-Diapension lapponicae Daniëls 1982 which is a syntaxonomic synonym since the original diagnosis of Daniëls' (1982) alliance includes many elements of the original diagnosis of Nordhagen's alliance, through the inclusion of the elements of the invalidly published suballiance of the Loiseleurio-Diapensenion Br.-Bl et al. 1939 that are also included in the Loiseleurio-Arctostaphylion Kalliola ex Nordhagen 1943. (J.-P. Theurillat) For the relationship of this unit and the Loiseleurio-Vaccinion see Hadač (1972: 357). (L. Mucina).

AC03B (LOI-03B) Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1943

Moderately chionophilous dwarf scrub of the boreal and hemiarctic zones of Fennoscandia, Iceland, Northern Russia and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

Remark

loi16 | The name 'Phyllodoco-Vaccinion myrtilli' is invalidly published in Nordhagen (1937) because there are only sociations in the original diagnosis of the alliance. The name is validly published in Nordhagen (1943). (J.-P. Theurillat).

AD (SAX) Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostietea purpurascentis Drees et Daniëls 2009

Cryo-xerophytic steppe and associated scrub on base-rich and (sub)saline substrates in continental Greenland and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostietea purpurascentis Drees et Daniëls 2009

Synonyms

AD01 (SAX-01) Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostietalia purpurascentis Drees et Daniëls 2009

Cryo-xerophytic steppe and associated scrub on base-rich and (sub)saline substrates in continental Greenland and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostietalia purpurascentis Drees et Daniëls 2009

Synonyms

AD01A (SAX-01A) Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostion purpurascentis Cooper ex Drees et Daniëls 2009

Cryo-xerophytic steppe and associated scrub on base-rich substrates in continental Greenland and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostion purpurascentis Cooper ex Drees et Daniëls 2009

Synonyms

AD01B (SAX-01B) Puccinellion nuttallianae Daniëls in Chytrý et al. 2015

Low Arctic (sub)saline steppe vegetation on loess and clayey sediments in Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellion nuttallianae Daniëls in Chytrý et al. 2015

Synonyms

AE (COC) Saxifrago cernuae-Cochlearietea groenlandicae Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Vegetation of open grassy tundra disturbed by zoo-anthropogenic activities and cryoturbation in Svalbard and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago cernuae-Cochlearietea groenlandicae Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

coc01 | Here we formally describe this new class by assigning the Phippsio-Cochleariopsietalia groenlandicae (Hadač 1989: 165−167) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the class. This class unites vegetation disturbed (especially by anthropogenic and zoogenic influence) habitats of the arctic zone of the Palearctis. Its ecology, distribution, and delimitations towards other arctic vegetation classes will be handled elsewhere. The diagnostic taxa of the new class are: Cerastium arcticum, Cochlearia groenlandica, Draba alpina, D. corymbosa, Luzula confusa, Papaver radicatum, Phippsia algida subsp. concinna, Potentilla hyparctica, Saxifraga cernua, S. cespitosa, S. flagellaris, S. oppositifolia subsp. oppositifolia, S. rivularis, Stellaria crassipes, Poa alpina and Puccinellia angustata. For other species see the profile of the class in the EuroVegBrowser accompanying this paper. (L. Mucina, F. Daniëls).

AE01 (COC-01) Phippsio-Cochleariopsietalia groenlandicae Hadač 1989

Vegetation of open grassy tundra disturbed by zoo-anthropogenic activities and cryoturbation in Svalbard and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phippsio-Cochleariopsietalia groenlandicae Hadač 1989

Synonyms

Remark

coc02 | Theurillat & Moravec (1992) suggested that the name Phippsio-Cochleariopsietalia (Hadač 1989) was invalidly published (ICPN art. 8), because the character species given by Hadač (l.c.) were indicated provisionally. However, the formulation used by Hadač "The association, alliance and order may be characterized by Puccinellia angustata and Cochleariopsis groenlandica…" has to be considered as a literary form, and hence not as a provisional indication. In that case the art. 8 would not apply, and the name Phippsio-Cochleariopsietalia should be considered as validly published by Hadač (1989). A preliminary syntaxonomic analysis (Ermakov & Mucina in prep.), suggests that the classes Saxifrago cernuae-Cochleariopsietea groenlandicae and the Matricario-Poetea arcticae Ishbirdin in Sumina 2012 do share some of the species pool, however they remain biogeographically and ecologically very distant. It is therefore the classification of the Phippsio-Cochleariopsietalia groenlandicae Hadač 1989 within the latter class, as suggested by some authors, is not appropriate. (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

AE01A (COC-01A) Cochleariopsion groenlandicae Hadač 1989

Vegetation of anthropogenic disturbed habitats in Svalbard and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cochleariopsion groenlandicae Hadač 1989

Synonyms

AE01B (COC-01B) Cerastio arctici-Saxifragion cernuae H. Hartmann ex Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Vegetation of bird-manured and disturbed cliff habitats in Svalbard

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cerastio arctici-Saxifragion cernuae H. Hartmann ex Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

coc03 | Hartmann (1980: 114, 118) provisionally described the alliance 'Cerastio-Saxifragion cernuae' (ICPN art. 3b) containing a 'Poa alpigena-Alopecurus alpinus-Gesellschaft' and a community with Poa pratensis and Festuca rubra. Hadač (1989: 146) published validly the former community as an association, the 'Poo alpigenae-Alopecuretum alpini Hartm. ex Hadač 1989' by choosing one relevé in Hartmann's table as the type. He also designated the latter association as the type of the alliance 'Cerastio-Saxifragion cernuae Hartmann 1980' and indicated three species characterizing the alliance. Seemingly, Hadač in so doing incidentally validated Hartmann's provisional name in providing all the needed elements. However, Hadač did not specify which species of the genus Cerastium is eponymous of the name of the alliance and Hartmann (l.c., in his table) did not differentiate C. arcticum from C. alpinum (ICPN art. 3g). Therefore, no incidental validation of the alliance occurred in Hadač (l.c.). Here, we validate the Hartmann's name by providing the missing condition in choosing C. arcticum as the name-giving taxon: Cerastio arctici-Saxifragion cernuae H. Hartmann ex Mucina et Daniëls all. nov. hoc loco; holotypus (hoc loco): Poo alpigenae-Alopecuretum alpini H. Hartmann ex Hadač 1989. The regional character species of the alliance are: Alopecurus magellanicus (syn. A. alpinus Sm.), Cerastium arcticum, Poa alpigena, Saxifraga cespitosa, S. cernua and S. hyperborea. (L. Mucina, F. Daniëls, J.-P. Theurillat) We suggest that the Cerastio-Saxifragion cernuae is conceptually different from the Cochleariopsion groenlandicae Hadač 1989. (L. Mucina, F. Daniëls).

BA (PIC) Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939

Holarctic coniferous and boreo-subarctic birch forests on oligotrophic and leached soils in the boreal zone and at high-altitudes of mountains in the nemoral zone of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939

Synonyms

Remark

pic01 | The class in this syntaxonomic circumscription, includes also the wooded bogs classified by some (e.g. Stortelder et al. 1999; Berg et al. 2004) within the Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetea Passarge 1968. (L. Mucina) The placement of the wooded bogs within the Vaccinio-Piceetea is justified because they often occur on a thin layer of peat with trees rooted in the mineral soil. The species composition also comprises many species of typical boreal coniferous forests. (M. Chytrý) The Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetea does not have its own character species, and the physiognomic differences from the Vaccinio-Piceetea are small. These are bogs with only scattered or low-grown trees with undergrowth that does not differ from the Oxycocco-Sphagnetea. (M. Hájek) The classification of this vegetation within the Vaccinio-Piceetea should be seen as a compromise. (L. Mucina) For the nomenclature related to the name see Willner et al. (2015b). (W. Willner, L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

BA01 (PIC-01) Piceetalia excelsae Pawłowski et al. 1928

European boreo-montane and subalpine spruce and pine forests on nutrient-poor soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Piceetalia excelsae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

BA01A (PIC-01A) Piceion excelsae Pawłowski et al. 1928

European boreo-montane spruce forests and subalpine open pine woods on nutrient-poor podzolic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Piceion excelsae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

BA01B (PIC-01B) Pinion peucis Horvat 1950

Acidophilous Macedonian-pine forests in the montane to subalpine belts of the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinion peucis Horvat 1950

Synonyms

BA02 (PIC-02) Piceo obovatae-Pinetalia sibiricae Ermakov 2013

Zonal mesophilous boreal coniferous forests on podzolic soils of easternmost European Russia, the Urals and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Piceo obovatae-Pinetalia sibiricae Ermakov 2013

Synonyms

BA02A (PIC-02A) Aconito rubicundi-Abietion sibiricae Anenkhonov et Chytrý 1998

Zonal mesophilous boreal coniferous forests with tall-herb undergrowth of easternmost European Russia, the Urals and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aconito rubicundi-Abietion sibiricae Anenkhonov et Chytrý 1998

Synonyms

BA03 (PIC-03) Pinetalia sylvestris Oberd. 1957

Holarctic boreo-temperate pine forests on nutrient-poor and hydromorphic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinetalia sylvestris Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

BA03A (PIC-03A) Dicrano-Pinion sylvestris (Libbert 1933) W. Matuszkiewicz 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

European temperate and subboreal pine forests on nutrient-poor acidic sandy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dicrano-Pinion sylvestris (Libbert 1933) W. Matuszkiewicz 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

pic09 | The name 'Dicrano-Pinion (Libbert 1933) W. Matuszkiewicz 1962' is widely used in the recent syntaxonomic literature in accordance with its type (e.g. Wallnöfer 1993; Pott 1995; Hommel et al. 1998; Schubert et al. 2001; Rennwald 2002). It should therefore be protected following the ICPN art. 52 against the older, yet rarely used and conceptually ambiguous name 'Pinion (Libbert 1933) Oberd. 1957'. A formal proposal towards this end was made by Dengler et al. (2004) and Zelený in Chytrý (2013). (J. Dengler, L. Mucina).

BA03B (PIC-03B) Cladonio stellaris-Pinion sylvestris Kielland-Lund ex Ermakov et Morozova 2011

Northern European and Western Siberian boreal oligotrophic pine forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladonio stellaris-Pinion sylvestris Kielland-Lund ex Ermakov et Morozova 2011

Synonyms

BA04 (PIC-04) Vaccinio myrtilli-Betuletalia pubescentis Mucina et Willner ined.

European boreo-subarctic and orotemperate birch woods and krummholz on nutrient-poor podzolic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio myrtilli-Betuletalia pubescentis Mucina et Willner ined.

Synonyms

Remark

pic11 | The formal description of this unit will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

BA04A (PIC-04A) Betulion carpatico-pubescentis Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Orotemperate birch forests on podzolic soils in the montane and subalpine belts of the Alps and the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Betulion carpatico-pubescentis Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

BA04B (PIC-04B) Empetro hermaphroditi-Betulion pumilae Mucina, Willner et Grabherr ined.

Boreal-subartic low birch woods and krummholz of Scandinavia and the Arctic Ocean islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Empetro hermaphroditi-Betulion pumilae Mucina, Willner et Grabherr ined.

Synonyms

Remark

pic12 | The formal description of this unit will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

BA05 (PIC-05) Ledo palustris-Laricetalia gmelinii Ermakov in Ermakov et Alsynbayev 2004

Northeastern Eurasian taiga on long-frozen soils and permafrost

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ledo palustris-Laricetalia gmelinii Ermakov in Ermakov et Alsynbayev 2004

Synonyms

BA05A (PIC-05A) Empetro-Piceion obovatae Morozova et al. 2008

Northeastern European taiga on long-frozen soils and permafrost

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Empetro-Piceion obovatae Morozova et al. 2008

Synonyms

BA06 (PIC-06) Athyrio filicis-feminae-Piceetalia Hadač in Hadač et al. 1969

European boreo-montane spruce, fir and pine forests on nutrient-rich soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Athyrio filicis-feminae-Piceetalia Hadač in Hadač et al. 1969

Synonyms

BA06A (PIC-06A) Chrysanthemo rotundifolii-Piceion (Krajina 1933) Březina et Hadač in Hadač 1962

Mesic herb-rich spruce forests of the Central and Northern European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chrysanthemo rotundifolii-Piceion (Krajina 1933) Březina et Hadač in Hadač 1962

Synonyms

BA06B (PIC-06B) Abieti-Piceion (Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939) Soó 1964

Mesophilous fir forests on brown forest soils of the Central and southwestern European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Abieti-Piceion (Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939) Soó 1964

Synonyms

BA06C (PIC-06C) Calamagrostio-Abietion Horvat 1962 nom. invers. propos.

Mesic herb-rich fir forests on limestone and dolomite boulder screes in the montane and subalpine belts of the Western Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostio-Abietion Horvat 1962 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

pic13 | The inversion of the name was proposed in Trinajstić (2008: 120) and Šilc & Čarni (2012: 160). This step was motivated by the fact that Abies alba is the dominating element of the uppermost tree layer. (L. Mucina).

BA06D (PIC-06D) Seslerio caeruleae-Pinion uncinatae Vigo 1974

Mesic herb-rich pine forests in the montane and subalpine belts of the Western Alps and the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerio caeruleae-Pinion uncinatae Vigo 1974

Synonyms

BA07 (PIC-07) Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetalia sylvestris Passarge 1968

Eurasian open pine and spruce woods in oligotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetalia sylvestris Passarge 1968

Synonyms

BA07A (PIC-07A) Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968

Eurasian open pine woods in oligotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968

Synonyms

Remark

pic15 | The formal proposition towards the name conservation (Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinion sylvestris Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968 nom. conserv. propos.) was published in Willner & Grabherr (2007: 237). (L. Mucina).

BA07B (PIC-07B) Eriophoro-Piceion abietis Passarge 1968

Eurasian spruce forests on oligotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eriophoro-Piceion abietis Passarge 1968

Synonyms

BA08 (PIC-08) Calamagrostio purpureae-Piceetalia obovatae Lapshina 2010

Boreal spruce mires of Eastern Europe and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostio purpureae-Piceetalia obovatae Lapshina 2010

Synonyms

BA08A (PIC-08A) Calamagrostio canescentis-Piceion abietis Solomeshch in Willner et al. 2015

Boreal spruce mires of Eastern Europe and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostio canescentis-Piceion abietis Solomeshch in Willner et al. 2015

Synonyms

BB (ASA) Asaro europaei-Abietetea sibiricae Ermakov, Mucina et Zhitlukhina in Willner et al. 2016

Cool-temperate coniferous and mixed montane forests with nemoral and hemiboreal floristic elements of the Southern Urals and Southern Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asaro europaei-Abietetea sibiricae Ermakov, Mucina et Zhitlukhina in Willner et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

asa01 | The Abietetalia sibiricae forms a zonal geographical margin of the Carpino-Fagetea in the Urals, at the eastern limit of its range and it represents a relict nemoral (subnemoral) vegetation type of Siberia. The floristic differences between this order and the Carpino-Fagetea are obvious and deserve to be recognised at the level of class (see Zhitlukhina & Ermakov in Willner et al. 2016a for the formal description of the class). This vegetation occurs on moist nutrient-rich loamy soils in the foothills and low mountain ranges (300−800 m a.s.l.) of the Southern Urals and in isolated refugial areas of Southern Siberia, characterised by local ultra-humid low-continental climate. (N. Ermakov).

BB01 (ASA-01) Abietetalia sibiricae (Ermakov in Ermakov et al. 2000) Ermakov 2006

Cool-temperate coniferous and mixed broad-leaved coniferous montane forests with nemoral and hemiboreal floristic elements of the Southern Urals and Southern Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Abietetalia sibiricae (Ermakov in Ermakov et al. 2000) Ermakov 2006

Synonyms

BB01A (ASA-01A) Aconito septentrionalis-Piceion obovatae Solomeshch, Grigoriev, Khaziakhmetov et Baisheva in Martynenko et al. 2008

Cool-temperate coniferous and mixed broad-leaved coniferous montane forests of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aconito septentrionalis-Piceion obovatae Solomeshch, Grigoriev, Khaziakhmetov et Baisheva in Martynenko et al. 2008

Synonyms

BC (BRA) Brachypodio pinnati-Betuletea pendulae Ermakov et al. 1991

Hemiboreal pine and birch-pine herb-rich open forests on fertile soils of the Southern Urals and Southern Siberia, and relict birch-poplar forests of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodio pinnati-Betuletea pendulae Ermakov et al. 1991

Synonyms

BC01 (BRA-01) Chamaecytiso ruthenici-Pinetalia sylvestris Solomeshch et Ermakov in Ermakov et al. 2000

Hemiboreal pine and birch-pine herb-rich open forests on fertile soils of the Southern Urals and Southern Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chamaecytiso ruthenici-Pinetalia sylvestris Solomeshch et Ermakov in Ermakov et al. 2000

Synonyms

BC01A (BRA-01A) Caragano fruticis-Pinion sylvestris Solomeshch et al. 2002

Xeric pine-larch herb-rich open forests of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caragano fruticis-Pinion sylvestris Solomeshch et al. 2002

Synonyms

BC01B (BRA-01B) Veronico teucrii-Pinion sylvestris Ermakov et Solomeshch in Ermakov et al. 2000

Birch-pine, pine and larch herb-rich open forests on dry soils of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico teucrii-Pinion sylvestris Ermakov et Solomeshch in Ermakov et al. 2000

Synonyms

BC01C (BRA-01C) Trollio europaei-Pinion sylvestris Fedorov in Ermakov et al. 2000

Birch-pine herb-rich open forests on mesic soils of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trollio europaei-Pinion sylvestris Fedorov in Ermakov et al. 2000

Synonyms

BC02 (BRA-02) Fragario vescae-Populetalia tremulae Willner et Mucina in Willner et al. 2016 nom. inval. (3b)

Relict extrazonal temperate deciduous birch-poplar woods on mineral soils of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fragario vescae-Populetalia tremulae Willner et Mucina in Willner et al. 2016 nom. inval. (3b)

Synonyms

Remark

bra01 | This (preliminary coined) order comprises natural pioneer and secondary birch-poplar woods on mineral soils in the temperate zone of Europe. The tree species composition resembles the forests that dominated Europe in the Early Holocene, i.e. before the Carpino-Fagetea species returned from their glacial refugia. See also Willner et al. (2016). (W. Willner).

BC02A (BRA-02A) Fragario vescae-Populion tremulae Willner et Mucina ined.

Relict extrazonal temperate deciduous birch-poplar woods on mineral soils of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fragario vescae-Populion tremulae Willner et Mucina ined.

Synonyms

BD (PYR) Pyrolo-Pinetea sylvestris Korneck 1974

Euro-Siberian (sub)continental psammophilous (sub)thermophilous steppic pine forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pyrolo-Pinetea sylvestris Korneck 1974

Synonyms

Remark

pyr01 | Some authors (Oberdorfer et al. 1967; Passarge & Hofmann 1968; Korneck 1974; Oberdorfer in Oberdorfer 1992: 33–41) have classified some slightly basiphilous pine forests with continental drought-adapted species in Germany in the Pyrolo-Pinetea Korneck 1974 (syn. Pulsatillo-Pinetea Oberdorfer in Oberdorfer et al. 1967; Festuco-Pinetea sylvestris Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968). The concept of this class is based on the assumption that similar pine forests are widespread in the forest-steppe zone of the Eastern Europe and Western Siberia. Ermakov (1999, 2003) classified dry pine forests on sandy soils in the forest-steppe zone of southwestern Siberia into the Pyrolo-Pinetea. Recent studies of German and Polish basiphilous dry pine forests (W. Matuszkiewicz 1962; Heinken & Zippel 1999; J.M. Matuszkiewicz 2001; Heinken 2008), consider analogous vegetation types only at the association level and classify them within the Dicrano-Pinion. As there is no comprehensive comparative study of the East European dry pine forests, I support the compromise solution proposed by Berg (in Berg et al. 2004: 459–468), assigning the basiphilous dry pine forests of Central Europe to the Festuco-Pinion sylvestris (the Vaccinio-Piceetea). (M. Chytrý) Russian and Ukrainian authors (Ermakov et al. 2000; Solomakha 2008; both using the name 'Pulsatillo-Pinetea') prefer to retain this syntaxonomic concept at the class level. (L. Mucina, N. Ermakov) Oberdorfer et al. (1967: 51–51) introduced a suggestion by D. Korneck combining the Pulsatillo-Pinetea (described, albeit invalidly, in the same paper) and the Erico-Pinetea to form a new class – the Pyrolo-Pinetea. The latter class has been described validly later (Korneck 1974: 168) with reference to the original suggestion, but the protologue of the Pyrolo-Pinetea does not anymore suggest the option of also including the Erico-Pinetea. (L. Mucina).

BD01 (PYR-01) Astragalo monspessulani-Pinetalia sylvestris Oberd. in Theurillat et al. 1995

Thermophilous steppic pine forests in deep valleys of the Central and Western Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astragalo monspessulani-Pinetalia sylvestris Oberd. in Theurillat et al. 1995

Synonyms

Remark

pyr02 | Bardat et al. (2004) suggested incorporating this order into the Erico-Pinetea – a view we do not support due to very different ecology and species composition of the understorey as well as contrasting evolutionary community assembly of the Erico-Pinetea and Pyrolo-Pinetea. (L. Mucina).

BD01A (PYR-01A) Ononido rotundifoliae-Pinion sylvestris Br.-Bl. 1950

Thermophilous steppic pine forests in deep valleys of the Central and Western Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ononido rotundifoliae-Pinion sylvestris Br.-Bl. 1950

Synonyms

BD02 (PYR-02) Festuco-Pinetalia sylvestris Passarge 1968

Subcontinental north-temperate and subboreal psammophilous pine forests in the lowlands of Central and Northern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco-Pinetalia sylvestris Passarge 1968

Synonyms

BD02A (PYR-02A) Festuco-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968

Subcontinental north-temperate and subboreal psammophilous pine forests in the lowlands of Central and Northern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco-Pinion sylvestris Passarge 1968

Synonyms

BD03 (PYR-03) Koelerio glaucae-Pinetalia sylvestris Ermakov 1999

Continental xeric psammophilous pine forests in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerio glaucae-Pinetalia sylvestris Ermakov 1999

Synonyms

BD03A (PYR-03A) Koelerio glaucae-Pinion sylvestris Ermakov 1999

Continental xeric psammophilous pine forests in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerio glaucae-Pinion sylvestris Ermakov 1999

Synonyms

CA (FAG) Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae Jakucs ex Passarge 1968

Mesic deciduous and mixed forests of temperate Europe, Anatolia, the Caucasus and Southern Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae Jakucs ex Passarge 1968

Synonyms

Remark

fag01 | Several authors have argued that the name Querco-Fagetea cannot be maintained when the Quercetea pubescentis is accepted as a separate class. A new analysis of the complex nomenclature surrounding this name supports this view (see Willner et al. 2015b). (W. Willner).

CA01 (FAG-01) Luzulo-Fagetalia sylvaticae Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Acidophilous beech and mixed fir-beech forests on nutrient-poor soils in the nemoral zone of temperate Europe and as relicts at high altitudes of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Luzulo-Fagetalia sylvaticae Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Synonyms

Remark

fag03 | The classification of the Luzulo-Fagetalia and the Luzulo-Fagion is highly controversial. Some authors classify these syntaxa in the Quercetea robori-sessiliflorae (e.g. Theurillat et al. 1995). However, the montane acidophilous beech forests of Central and Southern Europe are floristically closely connected with those of base-rich substrates (e.g. Bergmeier & Dimopoulos 2001; Willner 2002; Tzonev et al. 2006). (E. Bergmeier, M. Chytrý, R. Di Pietro, W. Willner) L. Mucina and J.-P. Theurillat prefer classifying the Luzulo-Fagetalia within the Quercetea robori-sessiliflorae.

CA01A (FAG-01A) Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Lohmeyer et Tx. in Tx. 1954

Acidophilous beech and mixed fir-beech forests of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae Lohmeyer et Tx. in Tx. 1954

Synonyms

CA01B (FAG-01B) Ilici-Fagion sylvaticae Br.-Bl. 1967

Acidophilous beech forests of the atlantic regions of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ilici-Fagion sylvaticae Br.-Bl. 1967

Synonyms

CA01C (FAG-01C) Galio rotundifolii-Fagion Gamisans 1975

Relict acidophilous beech forests on nutrient-poor soils of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galio rotundifolii-Fagion Gamisans 1975

Synonyms

CA02 (FAG-02) Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawłowski 1928

Basiphilous beech and mixed fir-beech forests in the nemoral zone and in the montane belt of the submediterranean regions of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawłowski 1928

Synonyms

Remark

fag04 | The further subdivision of this order reflects the biogeographic differentiation and post-glacial history of European beech forests. However, the extensive splitting as proposed by some authors (e.g. Dierschke & Bohn 2004) is not supported by floristic evidence (see also the Remark for the Fagion sylvaticae). For the complex nomenclature of the name Fagetalia sylvaticae see Willner et al. (2015b). (W. Willner).

CA02A (FAG-02A) Aremonio-Fagion (Horvat 1950) Borhidi in Török et al. 1989

Refugial basiphilous beech and mixed fir-beech forests of the northwestern Balkans and the Eastern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aremonio-Fagion (Horvat 1950) Borhidi in Török et al. 1989

Synonyms

Remark

fag06 | This alliance represents the main refugium area of European beech forests located in the northwest of the Balkan Peninsula (Magri et al. 2006; Willner et al. 2009). It includes two suballiances − the Ostryo-Fagenion (thermophilous beech forests) and the Lonicero alpigenae-Fagenion (montane beech and beech-fir forests; incl. Lamio orvalae-Fagenion) according to Willner (2002). (W. Willner).

CA02B (FAG-02B) Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926

Partly refugial post-glacial basiphilous beech and mixed fir-beech forests of the temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fagion sylvaticae Luquet 1926

Synonyms

Remark

fag07 | This alliance includes all basiphilous beech forests lacking numerous diagnostic species of the Aremonio-Fagion and of the Geranio-Fagion found in the two main refugial areas of European beech forests − the Balkans and the Apennines, respectively. The various alliances proposed for other putative refugia (e.g. the Scillo-Fagion for the Pyrenees, the Symphyto-Fagion for the Carpathians) have only weak floristic support. Instead, several geographically defined suballiances of the thermophilous and mesic beech forests could be distinguished within the Fagion sylvaticae. (W. Willner) L. Mucina disagrees and suggests recognising the Scillo-Fagion and the Symphyto-Fagion as alliances in their own right.

CA02C (FAG-02C) Geranio striati-Fagion Gentile 1970

Refugial basiphilous beech and mixed fir-beech forests of Southern Italy and the southwestern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranio striati-Fagion Gentile 1970

Synonyms

Remark

fag10 | This alliance represents the main refugium area of the European beech forests located in Southern Italy as well as the putative refugia in Northern Hellas (Magri et al. 2006; Willner et al. 2009). (W. Willner).

CA03 (FAG-03) Carpinetalia betuli P. Fukarek 1968

Oak-hornbeam and mesic oak forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of the temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carpinetalia betuli P. Fukarek 1968

Synonyms

Remark

fag12 | Bardat et al. (2004) used the rank of suborder (the Carpino betuli-Fagenalia sylvaticae; typus: Carpinion betuli; valid name: Carpino betuli-Fagenalia sylvaticae Rameau in Royer et al. 2006) for this syntaxonomic concept. (J.-P. Theurillat).

CA03A (FAG-03A) Carpinion betuli Issler 1931

Oak-hornbeam forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of the cool-temperate Europe and the British Isles

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carpinion betuli Issler 1931

Synonyms

CA03B (FAG-03B) Pulmonario longifoliae-Quercion roboris Rivas-Mart. et Izco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Oak forests on deep base-rich gleyic soils of the atlantic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pulmonario longifoliae-Quercion roboris Rivas-Mart. et Izco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

CA03C (FAG-03C) Erythronio-Carpinion (Horvat 1958) Marinček in Wallnöfer et al. 1993

Oak-hornbeam forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of the Balkans and Northern Italy

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erythronio-Carpinion (Horvat 1958) Marinček in Wallnöfer et al. 1993

Synonyms

CA03D (FAG-03D) Castaneo sativae-Carpinion orientalis Quézel, Barbero et Akman ex Quézel et al. 1993

Thermophilous hornbeam forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of the southastern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Castaneo sativae-Carpinion orientalis Quézel, Barbero et Akman ex Quézel et al. 1993

Synonyms

CA03E (FAG-03E) Paeonio dauricae-Quercion petraeae Didukh 1996

Mesic deciduous oak forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paeonio dauricae-Quercion petraeae Didukh 1996

Synonyms

CA03F (FAG-03F) Querco roboris-Tilion cordatae Solomeshch et Laiviņš ex Bulokhov et Solomeshch in Bulokhov et Semenishchenkov 2015

Subboreal broad-leaved and mixed forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of northwestern Russia and the Baltic countries

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Querco roboris-Tilion cordatae Solomeshch et Laiviņš ex Bulokhov et Solomeshch in Bulokhov et Semenishchenkov 2015

Synonyms

Remark

fag13 | This continental zonal vegetation type replaces the Carpinion betuli in Eastern Europe. (DI) Some authors (e.g. Onyshchenko 2010) place this alliance within the Fagetalia sylvaticae. (L. Mucina) The 'Tilio-Acerion' sensu Dierßen & Dierßen (1996) probably also belongs to this alliance. (W. Willner).

CA03G (FAG-03G) Scillo sibericae-Quercion roboris Onyshchenko 2009

Mesic deciduous mixed forests on deep nutrient-rich soils in the eastern forest-steppe zone and as extrazonal in the steppe zone of Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scillo sibericae-Quercion roboris Onyshchenko 2009

Synonyms

CA03H (FAG-03H) Aconito lycoctoni-Tilion cordatae Solomeshch et Grigoriev in Willner et al. 2016

Subthermophilous broad-leaved forests on deep nutrient-rich soils of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aconito lycoctoni-Tilion cordatae Solomeshch et Grigoriev in Willner et al. 2016

Synonyms

CA04 (FAG-04) Lathyro-Carpinetalia caucasicae Passarge 1981

Euxino-Hyrcanian xero-mesic oak-hornbeam forests on calcareous soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lathyro-Carpinetalia caucasicae Passarge 1981

Synonyms

CA04A (FAG-04A) Crataego-Carpinion caucasicae Passarge 1981

Caucasian xero-mesic oak-hornbeam forest on brown forest soils over limestone in the lower montane belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crataego-Carpinion caucasicae Passarge 1981

Synonyms

CA04B (FAG-04B) Astrantio-Carpinion caucasicae Passarge 1981

Caucasian xero-mesic oak-hornbeam forests on shallow calcareous soils on steep slopes in the upper montane belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astrantio-Carpinion caucasicae Passarge 1981

Synonyms

CA05 (FAG-05) Aceretalia pseudoplatani Moor 1976 nom. conserv. propos.

Scree and ravine maple-lime forests of the nemoral zone of the temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aceretalia pseudoplatani Moor 1976 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

fag14 | The formal proposal for the conservation of this name was published in Willner (2015). (L. Mucina).

CA05A (FAG-05A) Tilio-Acerion Klika 1955

Sycamore maple forests in the montane belt and cool ravines of the Central European mountain ranges

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tilio-Acerion Klika 1955

Synonyms

Remark

fag15 | The concept of the Tilio-Acerion presented here is much narrower than in most previous studies. Therefore, it might be advisable to reject the name Tilio-Acerion and to conserve the name Lunario-Acerion Moor 1973 for the cool temperate maple forests. Yet we refrain from putting forward a formal proposal to this effect at this stage since the delimitation of the alliances within the Aceretalia pseudoplatani needs further study. (W. Willner, J.-P. Theurillat) L. Mucina and M. Chytrý do not support this suggestion since the use of the name Tilio-Acerion did not show serious signs of misinterpretation in the past.

CA05B (FAG-05B) Melico-Tilion platyphylli Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Thermophilous lime forests on scree slopes at low altitudes of the southern regions of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Melico-Tilion platyphylli Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Synonyms

CA05C (FAG-05C) Dryopterido affinis-Fraxinion excelsioris Vanden Berghen ex Bœuf et al. in Bœuf 2011

Atlantic ash-maple scree forests of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dryopterido affinis-Fraxinion excelsioris Vanden Berghen ex Bœuf et al. in Bœuf 2011

Synonyms

Remark

fag16 | This unit was described in Vanden Berghen (1969), under the 'Fraxino-Carpinion, sous-alliance à Hypericum androsaemum' (ICPN art. 3e). Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002a) included the Atlantic ash-maple forests in the Pulmonario longifoliae-Quercion roboris. (W. Willner).

CA05D (FAG-05D) Fraxino excelsioris-Acerion pseudoplatani P. Fukarek 1969

Submediterranean mesophilous broad-leaved ash-maple scree and ravine forests of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fraxino excelsioris-Acerion pseudoplatani P. Fukarek 1969

Synonyms

CA05E (FAG-05E) Ostryo carpinifoliae-Tilion platyphylli (Košir et al. 2008) Čarni in Willner et al. 2016

Submediterranean xero-thermophilous broad-leaved scree and ravine forests of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ostryo carpinifoliae-Tilion platyphylli (Košir et al. 2008) Čarni in Willner et al. 2016

Synonyms

CA05F (FAG-05F) Tilio pseudorubrae-Ostryion carpinifoliae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Submediterranean broad-leaved scree and ravine forests of the Southern Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tilio pseudorubrae-Ostryion carpinifoliae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

CA06 (FAG-06) Rhododendro pontici-Fagetalia orientalis Passarge 1981

Euxino-Hyrcanian oriental beech forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro pontici-Fagetalia orientalis Passarge 1981

Synonyms

CA06A (FAG-06A) Fagion orientalis Soó 1964

Oriental beech forests of the southeastern Balkan Peninsula, the Caucasus, Northern Anatolia and the Colchis region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fagion orientalis Soó 1964

Synonyms

Remark

fag18 | The name Fagion orientalis was validly published in Soó (1964) on the basis of the 'Lauroceraso-Fagetum orientalis bulgaricum' Soó 1964 nom. illeg. (ICPN art. 34). The latter association was described validly in the same publication (on pages 56-59) by presenting a synoptic table (showing differentiated constancy-classes) based on data by I. Penew. (L. Mucina, W. Willner).

CA06B (FAG-06B) Dentario quinquefoliae-Fagion Didukh 1996

Mesic Crimean beech forests on basic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dentario quinquefoliae-Fagion Didukh 1996

Synonyms

Remark

fag20 | Recent genomic studies suggest that Fagus occurring in Crimea (at a specific level called F. taurica Popl.) might be of a hybrid origin, involving Fagus sylvatica s.str. and F. orientalis as putative parents. According to Gömöry & Paule (2010), F. taurica is evolutionary closer to F. orientalis than to F. sylvatica s.str. In any case, the Crimean Fagus forests appear to be ecologically and biogeographically closer to the Rhododendro pontici-Fagetalia orientalis then to the Fagetalia sylvaticae. (L. Mucina) This alliance should be classified in the Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawłowski 1928. (Y. Didukh).

CB (PUB) Quercetea pubescentis Doing-Kraft ex Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Oak, mixed deciduous and conifer woods of warm regions in the cool-temperate nemoral zone of Central and Southern Europe and in the supramediterranean belt of the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetea pubescentis Doing-Kraft ex Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Synonyms

Remark

pub01 | Several authors (e.g. Willner & Grabherr 2007; Trinajstić 2008; Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011) prefer to include the content of this class within the 'Querco-Fagetea'. (L. Mucina).

CB01 (PUB-01) Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933

Oak forests of the warm cool-temperate regions in the nemoral zone of Central and Southern Europe and relic supramediterranean fir-pine and oak forests of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933

Synonyms

Remark

pub02 | This order comprises forests dominated by oaks (Q. pubescens, Q. cerris, Q. petraea, Q. frainetto, Q. faginea and others), hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis), hop hornbeam (Ostrya carpinifolia) as well as Mediterranean relict fir species (A. cephalonica and A. pinsapo). The distribution of the order spans Spain in the West and Crimea in the East and its communities occur on both acidic and calcareous substrates. The large number of alliances and the obvious syntaxonomic heterogeneity of this order call for a profound pan-European syntaxonomic revision. (L. Mucina, W. Willner).

CB01A (PUB-01A) Quercion petraeae Issler 1931

Thermophilous Central European acidophilous oak forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion petraeae Issler 1931

Synonyms

CB01B (PUB-01B) Quercion pubescenti-petraeae Br.-Bl. 1932 nom. mut.

Thermophilous Central European calciphilous oak forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion pubescenti-petraeae Br.-Bl. 1932 nom. mut.

Synonyms

Remark

pub03 | A proposal to mutate the name was presented by Chytrý (1997) and Willner & Grabherr (2007: 228) (see also Willner et al. 2011). (L. Mucina).

CB01C (PUB-01C) Aceri tatarici-Quercion Zólyomi 1957

Thermophilous oak forests on deep soils in the forest-steppe zone of the Pontic-Pannonian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aceri tatarici-Quercion Zólyomi 1957

Synonyms

CB01D (PUB-01D) Lathyro pisiformis-Quercion roboris Solomeshch et Grigoriev in Willner et al. 2015

Thermophilous oak forests on fertile dark grey soils of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lathyro pisiformis-Quercion roboris Solomeshch et Grigoriev in Willner et al. 2015

Synonyms

CB01E (PUB-01E) Aceri granatensis-Quercion fagineae (Rivas Goday, Rigual et Rivas-Mart. 1960) Rivas-Mart. 1987

Supramediterranean submediterranean mesophytic oak and maple forests of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aceri granatensis-Quercion fagineae (Rivas Goday, Rigual et Rivas-Mart. 1960) Rivas-Mart. 1987

Synonyms

CB01F (PUB-01F) Fraxino orni-Ostryion Tomažič 1940

Amphiadriatic mesic calcareous submediterranean (sub)montane and inland oak and hop-hornbeam forests on shallow soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fraxino orni-Ostryion Tomažič 1940

Synonyms

CB01G (PUB-01G) Carpinion orientalis Horvat 1958

Amphiadriatic low-altitude calcareous thermophilous oak and oriental hornbeam forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carpinion orientalis Horvat 1958

Synonyms

CB01H (PUB-01H) Syringo-Carpinion orientalis Jakucs (1959) 1960

Submediterranean thermophilous oriental-hornbeam forests of the Central and Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Syringo-Carpinion orientalis Jakucs (1959) 1960

Synonyms

CB01I (PUB-01I) Elytrigio nodosae-Quercion pubescentis Didukh 1996

Crimean submediterranean thermophilous oak woods

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elytrigio nodosae-Quercion pubescentis Didukh 1996

Synonyms

CB01J (PUB-01J) Campanulo sibiricae-Pinion brutiae Litvinskaya et Postarnak ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Western Caucasian submediterranean thermophilous Pinus brutia forests on calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campanulo sibiricae-Pinion brutiae Litvinskaya et Postarnak ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

pub04 | This unit was described under name ‘Campanulo longistylae-Pinion pithyusae’ by Litvinskaya & Postarnak (2002). Formally (missing ‘typus’ expressis verbis) all three associations (Campanulo longistylae-Pinetum pithyusae, ‘Epymedio colchici-Pinetum pithyusae’ and Trachymeno orientalis-Quercetum iberici) were invalidly published. The Epimedio colchici-Pinetum pithyusae has been selected as the ‘nomenklaturni tip’ (= nomenclature type in Russian) of the Campanulo longistylae-Pinion pithyusae, however again the authors failed to introduce the nomenclature type as ‘typus’ expressis verbis. It is therefore I validate the description of the Epimedio colchici-Pinetum pithyusae by re-assigning the relevé on page 256 in Litvinskaya & Postarnak (2001) as the holotypus hoc loco of the association and assign this validly described association (Epimedio colchici-Pinetum pithyusae Litvinskaya et Postarnak ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Campanulo sibiricae-Pinion brutiae Litvinskaya et Postarnak ex Mucina all. nov. hoc loco. (Campanula longistyla Fomin is synonymous with C. sibirica L., and Pinus pithyusa Steven is synonymous with P. halepensis subsp. brutia (Ten.) Holmboe) The relationship of these relict warm-temperate (submediterranean) P. brutia forests (from calcareus substrates at low-altitudes in the northwestern parts of the Transcaucasian Colchis region) and the true mediterranean P. brutia forest (see Pinetalia halepensis) will be handled elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

CB01K (PUB-01K) Physospermo-Quercion petraeae A.O. Horvát 1976

Thermophilous chestnut and oak forests on neutral and acidic substrates of insubrian Northern Italy

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Physospermo-Quercion petraeae A.O. Horvát 1976

Synonyms

CB01L (PUB-01L) Crataego laevigatae-Quercion cerridis Arrigoni 1997

Submediterranean acidophilous thermophilous oak forests of the central and southern regions of the Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crataego laevigatae-Quercion cerridis Arrigoni 1997

Synonyms

Remark

pub05 | For a solution to the complicated syntaxonomy and nomenclature of this syntaxon consult Di Pietro et al. (2010). (L. Mucina).

CB01M (PUB-01M) Pino calabricae-Quercion congestae S. Brullo et al. 1999

Submediterranean montane Siculo-Calabrian pine-oak woods

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pino calabricae-Quercion congestae S. Brullo et al. 1999

Synonyms

CB01N (PUB-01N) Quercion confertae Horvat 1958

Thermophilous deciduous oak forests on slightly acidic deep soils of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion confertae Horvat 1958

Synonyms

CB01O (PUB-01O) Quercion petraeo-cerridis Lakušić et B. Jovanović in B. Jovanović et al. ex Čarni et Mucina 2015

Thermophilous montane oak forests of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion petraeo-cerridis Lakušić et B. Jovanović in B. Jovanović et al. ex Čarni et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

CB01P (PUB-01P) Melittio albidae-Quercion Barbero et Quézel 1977 nom. illeg. (31)

Thermophilous deciduous oak forests on slightly acidic deep soils of the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Melitto albidae-Quercion Barbero et Quézel 1976

Synonyms

CB01Q (PUB-01Q) Paeonio broteroi-Abietion pinsapo (Rivas-Mart. 1987) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Relict Betic (Southern Iberian) fir forests on dolomitic and ultramafic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paeonio broteroi-Abietion pinsapo (Rivas-Mart. 1987) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

CB01R (PUB-01R) Lathyro veneti-Taxion baccatae Čarni et Mucina 2015

Relict mixed deciduous oak and yew forests of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lathyro veneti-Taxion baccatae Čarni et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

CB01S (PUB-01S) Abietion cephalonicae Horvat et al. 1974

Relict supramediterranean Hellenic fir and black pine montane forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Abietion cephalonicae Horvat et al. 1974

Synonyms

CB01T (PUB-01T) Quercion macrolepidis Zohary ex Di Pietro et al. ined.

Relict mesomediterranean deciduous oak forests of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion macrolepidis Zohary ex Di Pietro et al. ined.

Synonyms

CB02 (PUB-02) Querco-Cedretalia libani Barbero et al. 1974

Relict supramediterranean cedar woods of Southern Anatolia, Syria, Lebanon and Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Querco-Cedretalia libani Barbero et al. 1974

Synonyms

CB02A (PUB-02A) Querco-Cedrion libani Barbero et al. 1974

Relict supramediterranean cedar woods of Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Querco-Cedrion libani Barbero et al. 1974

Synonyms

CC (QUE) Quercetea robori-petraeae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Acidophilous oak and oak-birch forests on nutrient-poor soils of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetea robori-petraeae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

Remark

que01 | Some authors (e.g. Bardat et al. 2004; Willner & Grabherr 2007; Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011) prefer to include the contents of this class within the 'Querco-Fagetea'. (L. Mucina, W. Willner) For the nomenclature related to the name see Willner et al. (2015b). (W. Willner, L. Mucina, J. Pallas, J.-P. Theurillat).

CC01 (QUE-01) Quercetalia roboris Tx. 1931

Acidophilous oak forests on nutrient-poor soils of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetalia roboris Tx. 1931

Synonyms

Remark

que04 | Redžić (2007) classified this order within the Quercetea pubescentis. (L. Mucina).

CC01A (QUE-01A) Hymenophyllo-Quercion petraeae Pallas 2000

Hyperoceanic humid acidophilous oak forests on nutrient-poor soils of Ireland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hymenophyllo-Quercion petraeae Pallas 2000

Synonyms

CC01B (QUE-01B) Quercion roboris Malcuit 1929

Temperate atlantic and subatlantic acidophilous oak forests on nutrient-poor soils of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion roboris Malcuit 1929

Synonyms

Remark

que06 | J. Pallas prefers to separate northern and southern temperate forests at the level of alliances (Pallas in Bohn et al. 2003: 250−253). However, the floristic differences between these two units (Molinio-Quercion roboris and Quercion roboris s.str., respectively) are rather weak and perhaps more appropriate to be recognised at the suballiance level. (W. Willner).

CC01C (QUE-01C) Agrostio-Quercion petraeae Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Temperate acidophilous oak forests on nutrient-poor soils of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostio-Quercion petraeae Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Synonyms

Remark

que07 | J. Pallas prefers to separate northern and southern temperate forests at the level of alliances (Pallas in Bohn et al. 2003: 250−253). However, the floristic differences between these two units (Vaccinio myrtilli-Quercion petraeae and Agrostio-Quercion petraeae s.str., respectively) are rather weak, and perhaps more appropriate to be recognised at the suballiance level. (W. Willner).

CC01D (QUE-01D) Quercion pyrenaicae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Martínez 1965

Acidophilous oak forests on nutrient-poor soils of the Northern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion pyrenaicae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Martínez 1965

Synonyms

Remark

que09 | J. Pallas prefers to separate the southern temperate (Quercion robori-pyrenaicae) from the submediterranean (Quercion pyrenaicae s.str.) forests at the level of alliances (Pallas in Bohn et al. 2003: 250−253). We follow Rivas-Martínez et al. (2001) who considered these two units only at the suballiance level. (W. Willner).

CC01E (QUE-01E) Castaneo-Quercion petraeae Soó 1964

Acidophilous chestnut-oak forests on nutrient-poor soils of southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Castaneo-Quercion petraeae Soó 1964

Synonyms

CC02 (QUE-02) Lonicero periclymeni-Betuletalia pubescentis Willner et Mucina in Willner et al. 2016

Acidophilous atlantic birch forests on nutrient-poor soils of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero periclymeni-Betuletalia pubescentis Willner et Mucina in Willner et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

que10 | Atlantic birch forests are classified as a separate order since they appear to be seral (e.g. in avalanche channels) or secondary to the forest of the Quercetalia roboris. (W. Willner).

CC02A (QUE-02A) Betulion fontqueri-celtibericae Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Orocantabro-atlantic and oroiberian perhumid birch forests on siliceous, nutrient-poor substrates of the Northern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Betulion fontquerio-celtibericae Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

que11 | The currently accepted taxonomic concept of Betula fontqueri is B. pendula var. fontqueri, while Betula celtiberica is included into the variability of Betula pubescens var. pubescens. (L. Mucina).

CC02B (QUE-02B) Lonicero periclymeni-Betulion pubescentis Géhu 2006

Atlantic birch forests on nutrient-poor soils of the North Sea seaboards and northwestern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero periclymeni-Betulion pubescentis Géhu 2006

Synonyms

CD (RHA) Crataego-Prunetea Tx. 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

Scrub and mantle vegetation seral or marginal to broad-leaved forests in the nemoral zone and the submediterranean regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crataego-Prunetea Tx. 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

rha01 | The explanation of the nomenclature issues surrounding the names Rhamno-Prunetea, Crataego-Prunetea and Sambucetea will be published in at a later stage. (L. Mucina).

CD01 (RHA-01) Prunetalia spinosae Tx. 1952

Scrub and mantel vegetation seral or marginal to broad-leaved forests in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Prunetalia spinosae Tx. 1952

Synonyms

CD01A (RHA-01A) Berberidion vulgaris Br.-Bl. ex Tx. 1952 nom. conserv. propos.

Southern temperate and submediterranean thermophilous scrub of Southern and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Berberidion vulgaris Br.-Bl. ex Tx. 1952 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

rha02 | For details of this conservation proposal see Willner et al. (2015a). Instead of conserving the name Berberidion Br.-Bl. ex Tx. 1952 (a later homonym) it is suggested to conserve the name Berberidion Br.-Bl. 1950 with a conserved type, a possibility that is not available at present though this tool would be implemented in the next edition of the ICPN. (J.-P. Theurillat).

CD01B (RHA-01B) Amelanchiero-Buxion O. de Bolòs et Romo in Romo 1989

Pyrenean and Western Catalonian submediterranean subxeric scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Amelanchiero-Buxion O. de Bolòs et Romo in Romo 1989

Synonyms

CD01C (RHA-01C) Lonicero arboreae-Berberidion hispanicae O. de Bolòs 1954

Supra- and oromediterranean scrub on base-rich substrates of the Betic region (Southern Iberia) and the North African mountain ranges

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero arboreae-Berberidion hispanicae O. de Bolòs 1954

Synonyms

CD01D (RHA-01D) Urtico-Crataegion Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Mesophilous hedges and scrub on mesotrophic base-rich soils of northwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Urtico-Crataegion Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Synonyms

CD01E (RHA-01E) Astrantio-Corylion avellanae Passarge 1978

Hazel scrub on nutrient-rich soils in the submontane and montane belts of Western, Central and southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astrantio-Corylion avellanae Passarge 1978

Synonyms

Remark

rha07 | In case the Corylo avellanae-Populion tremulae would be rejected as nomen ambiguum, this name would apply as the valid and current one. (L. Mucina).

CD01F (RHA-01F) Pruno-Rubion radulae Weber 1974

Bramble scrub on neutral and base-rich soils of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pruno-Rubion radulae Weber 1974

Synonyms

Remark

rha12 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 337) prefer classifying this alliance within the Sambucetalia racemosae (Robinietea). (L. Mucina).

CD01G (RHA-01G) Frangulo alni-Pyrion cordatae Herrera et al. 1991

Cantabro-Atlantic mesophilous thorny hedges and mantle on nutrient-poor acidic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frangulo alni-Pyrion cordatae Herrera et al. 1991

Synonyms

CD01H (RHA-01H) Tamo communis-Viburnion lantanae (Géhu et al. 1983) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Franco-Atlantic mesophilous mantle scrub on basic and neutral soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamo communis-Viburnion lantanae (Géhu et al. 1983) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

rha14 | Original name and status (sub-alliance): Tamo communis-Viburnenion lantanae Géhu, de Foucault et Delelis 1983. This syntaxonomic concept was validly published by Géhu, de Foucault et Delelis (1983; the symposium was held in 1979) as a suballiance (Tamo communis-Viburnenion lantanae Géhu et al. 1983) and as such has been for instance accepted by Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 335). The Tamo communis-Viburnetum lantanae Géhu et al. ex Géhu, de Foucault et Delelis 1983 was designated as the holotypus of the suballiance. This unit deserves the status of an alliance as already suggested invalidly by J.-M. Géhu in Bardat et al. (2004: 36, ‘all prov. et stat. prov.’; ICPN art. 3b). Here we perform the valid change of the status and list the following taxa as the character taxa of the new alliance: Crataegus laevigata, Dioscorea communis, Rosa canina and Viburnum lantana. The Tamo communis-Viburnetum lantanae Géhu et al. ex Géhu, de Foucault et Delelis 1983 (Géhu et al. 1983: 467) becomes the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. (L. Mucina).

CD01I (RHA-01I) Brachypodio pinnati-Juniperion communis Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Low-altitude thermophilous juniper scrub on calcareous substrates of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodio pinnati-Juniperion communis Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

rha15 | Passarge (1978: 176) described this alliance invalidly as ‘Carici-Juniperion all. nov. prov.’) and classified here only one association – the ‘Koelerio-Juniperetum communis (Kaiser 1926) Rausch. 1968’. He has failed, however, to refer either to Kaiser (1926) or to Rauschert (1968). (‘Rauchert 1968’ is in fact Rauchert 1969 – an unpublished thesis.) Therefore the alliance name in Passarge (1978) should be considered a nomen nudum. The ‘Koelerio-Juniperetum communis’ of Passarge (l.c.) obviously refers to the Kaiser's (1926: 170, Tab. 202) ‘Grasreiches Wacholdergebüsch, Juniperus communis-Brachypodium pinnatum (Festuca ovina, Sesleria coerulea)-A.’ Choosing Kaiser's association as the typus of the ‘Carici-Juniperion’ would not be appropriate since there is no Carex species occurring in the relevés of the Tab. 202. Therefore I choose to coin a new name for this alliance – the Brachypodio pinnati-Juniperion communis. Juniperus communis, Brachypodium pinnatum, Koeleria macrantha and Fragaria viridis are considered diagnostic species of the alliance. The Koelerio-Juniperetum communis Rauschert in Rauschert, Hilbig et Klotz 1990 (Rauschert et al. 1990: 232–233, Tab. 13) becomes the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. (L. Mucina).

CD01J (RHA-01J) Prunion fruticosae Tx. 1952

Subcontinental and continental scrub in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Prunion fruticosae Tx. 1952

Synonyms

CD01K (RHA-01K) Lamio purpureae-Acerion tatarici Fitsailo 2007

Mesophilous scrub on chernozem soils in the forest-steppe zone of southwestern Ukraine and Moldova

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lamio purpureae-Acerion tatarici Fitsailo 2007

Synonyms

CD02 (RHA-02) Paliuretalia Trinajstić 1978

Thermophilous mantle, pseudomaquis and šibljak fringing oak forests of the submediterranean regions of southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paliuretalia Trinajstić 1978

Synonyms

CD02A (RHA-02A) Cytision sessilifolii Biondi in Biondi et al. 1989

Submediterranean thermophilous broom scrub in the submontane and montane belts of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytision sessilifolii Biondi in Biondi et al. 1989

Synonyms

CD02B (RHA-02B) Ilici aquifolii-Crataegion laciniatae Ubaldi 2011

Supramediterranean relict orophilous scrub of Northern Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ilici aquifolii-Crataegion laciniatae Ubaldi 2011

Synonyms

CD02C (RHA-02C) Fraxino orni-Cotinion Soó 1960

Thermophilous mantle vegetation of the Southern Pannonian oak forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fraxino orni-Cotinion Soó 1960

Synonyms

CD02D (RHA-02D) Buxo-Syringion P. Fukarek ex Diklić 1965

Submediterranean thermophilous scrub of the continental Northern and Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Buxo-Syringion P. Fukarek ex Diklić 1965

Synonyms

CD02E (RHA-02E) Paliuro-Petterion P. Fukarek 1962

Submediterranean thermophilous šibljak of the eastern Adriatic seaboards of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paliuro-Petterion P. Fukarek 1962

Synonyms

CD02F (RHA-02F) Rhamno saxatilis-Paliurion spinae-christi Biondi, Casavecchia, Biscotti et Pesaresi in Biondi et al. 2014

Submediterranean thermophilous šibljak of the Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhamno saxatilis-Paliurion spinae-christi Biondi, Casavecchia, Biscotti et Pesaresi in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CD02G (RHA-02G) Eryngio campestris-Paliurion spinae-christi (Jovanović 1985) Matevski et al. 2008

Submediterranean thermophilous šibljak of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eryngio campestris-Paliurion spinae-christi (Jovanović 1985) Matevski et al. 2008

Synonyms

CD02H (RHA-02H) Berberido creticae-Prunion cocomiliae Bergmeier 1990

Submediterranean thermophilous scrub of the Hellenic Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Berberido creticae-Prunion cocomiliae Bergmeier 1990

Synonyms

CD02I (RHA-02I) Asparago verticillati-Crataegion tauricae Korzhenevskii et Kliukin 1990

Thermophilous submediterranean scrub on deep soils of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asparago verticillati-Crataegion tauricae Korzhenevskii et Kliukin 1990

Synonyms

CD02J (RHA-02J) Elytrigio nodosae-Rhoion coriariae Korzhenevskii et Ryff ex Didukh et Mucina 2014

Submediterranean thermophilous scrub on eroding loamy schists of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elytrigio nodosae-Rhuion coriariae Korzhenevskii et Ryff ex Didukh et Mucina 2014

Synonyms

CD03 (RHA-03) Pyro spinosae-Rubetalia ulmifolii Biondi, Blasi et Casavecchia in Biondi et al. 2014

Spiny bramble scrub on nutrient-rich soils of the winter-mild Atlantic seaboards, the Mediterranean, the Macaronesian Archipelago and the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pyro spinosae-Rubetalia ulmifolii Biondi, Blasi et Casavecchia in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CD03A (RHA-03A) Pruno spinosae-Rubion ulmifolii O. de Bolòs 1954

Spiny bramble scrub of the winter-mild Atlantic seaboards and the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pruno spinosae-Rubion ulmifolii O. de Bolòs 1954

Synonyms

CD03B (RHA-03B) Arundo plinii-Rubion ulmifolii Biondi, Blasi, Casavecchia et Gasparri in Biondi et al. 2014

Spiny bramble scrub of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arundo plinii-Rubion ulmifolii Biondi, Blasi, Casavecchia et Gasparri in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CD03C (RHA-03C) Rubio periclymeni-Rubion ulmifolii Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Spiny bramble thicket mantle of the laurisilva of Madeira and the Canary Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rubio periclymeni-Rubion ulmifolii Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

CD03D (RHA-03D) Scrophulario glabratae-Rubion ulmifolii Vicente Orellana et al. 2012

Spiny lianoid thicket mantle of the laurisilva forests of the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scrophulario glabratae-Rubion ulmifolii Vicente Orellana et al. 2012

Synonyms

CD04 (RHA-04) Lauro nobilis-Sambucetalia nigrae Biondi, Blasi, Casavecchia, Galdenzi et Gasparri in Biondi et al. 2014

Mesic scrub in shady habitats on nutrient-rich soils of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lauro nobilis-Sambucetalia nigrae Biondi, Blasi, Casavecchia, Galdenzi et Gasparri in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CD04A (RHA-04A) Lauro nobilis-Sambucion nigrae Biondi, Blasi, Casavecchia, Galdenzi et Gasparri in Biondi et al. 2014

Mesic scrub in shady habitats on nutrient-rich soils of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lauro nobilis-Sambucion nigrae Biondi, Blasi, Casavecchia, Galdenzi et Gasparri in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CE (LON) Lonicero-Rubetea plicati Haveman, Schaminée et Stortelder in Stortelder et al. 1999

Acidophilous scrub and hedges of forest edges and clearings on dry sandy nutrient-poor minerotrophic soils of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero-Rubetea plicati Haveman, Schaminée et Stortelder in Stortelder et al. 1999

Synonyms

CE01 (LON-01) Rubetalia plicati Weber in Pott 1995

Acidophilous scrub of forest clearings and hedges on dry sandy, nutrient-poor soils of the (sub)atlantic regions of northwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rubetalia plicati Weber in Pott 1995

Synonyms

Remark

lon01 | K. Dierssen prefers the classification of the Rubetalia plicati within the Rhamno-Prunetea. (L. Mucina) There are no character species supporting such step. (H. Weber).

CE01A (LON-01A) Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann ex Wittig 1977

Acidophilous bramble scrub, hedges and scrub of forest clearings on dry sandy nutrient-poor minerotrophic soils of northwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero-Rubion silvatici Tx. et Neumann ex Wittig 1977

Synonyms

CE01B (LON-01B) Molinio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Acidophilous buckthorn scrub, hedges and scrub of forest clearings on dry sandy nutrient-poor minerotrophic soils of northwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinio-Frangulion Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Synonyms

CE02 (LON-02) Frangulo-Prunetalia insititiae Rivas Goday 1964

Acidophilous scrub of forest clearings and hedges on dry sandy nutrient-poor soils of the (sub)atlantic regions of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frangulo-Prunetalia insititiae Rivas Goday 1964

Synonyms

Remark

lon03 | We consider the publication of the name Frangulo-Prunetalia insititiae (Rivas Goday 1964: 563) as valid since it contains one validly described alliance − the Frangulo-Rubion Rivas Goday 1964. (L. Mucina).

CE02A (LON-02A) Frangulo-Rubion Rivas Goday 1964

Acidophilous scrub of forest clearings and hedges on dry sandy nutrient-poor soils of the (sub)atlantic regions of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frangulo-Rubion Rivas Goday 1964

Synonyms

Remark

lon04 | The Frangulo-Rubion Rivas Goday 1964 is validly published (Rivas Goday 1964: 563). The original diagnosis of the alliance contains the 'associaciones ... Crataegus-Primula (vulgaris) acaulis Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952' (recte: Primulo vulgaris-Crataegetum) for which a reference to Braun-Blanquet & Tüxen (1952) is provided, along with a new subasssociation ('subas. con Lonicera peryclimenum L. ssp. hispanica (B. et R.), Prunus insititia L.' (nom.illeg., ICPN art. 34c) documented by one relevé provided on the same page. (L. Mucina).

CF (ROB) Robinietea Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 1980

Seral forest-clearing and anthropogenic successional scrub and thickets on nutrient-rich soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Robinietea Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 1980

Synonyms

CF01 (ROB-01) Sambucetalia racemosae Oberd. ex Doing 1962

Elder, willow and hazel scrub on nutrient-rich soils in forest clearings of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sambucetalia racemosae Oberd. ex Doing 1962

Synonyms

CF01A (ROB-01A) Sambuco-Salicion capreae Tx. et Neumann ex Oberd. 1957

Elder, willow and hazel scrub on nutrient-rich soils in forest clearings of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sambuco-Salicion capreae Tx. et Neumann ex Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

CF02 (ROB-02) Chelidonio-Robinietalia pseudoacaciae Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 1980

Subspontaneous anthropogenic scrub and low-grown forest groves

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chelidonio-Robinietalia pseudoacaciae Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 1980

Synonyms

Remark

rob01 | This is, in Europe, a purely anthropogenic unit comprising communities largely dominated by alien trees. Following the proposal of Jurko (1964) and later Hadač & Sofron (1980), this vegetation is classified as a class in its own right − the Robinietea. (L. Mucina).

CF02A (ROB-02A) Aegopodio podagrariae-Sambucion nigrae Chytrý 2013

Anthropogenic elder scrub in ruderal habitats of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aegopodio podagrariae-Sambucion nigrae Chytrý 2013

Synonyms

CF02B (ROB-02B) Balloto nigrae-Robinion pseudoacaciae Hadač et Sofron 1980

Robinia groves with weedy understorey on loamy-sandy dry soils of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Balloto nigrae-Robinion pseudoacaciae Hadač et Sofron 1980

Synonyms

CF02C (ROB-02C) Chelidonio majoris-Robinion pseudoacaciae Hadač et Sofron ex Vítková in Chytrý 2013

Robinia groves with weedy understorey on nutrient-rich mesic soils of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chelidonio majoris-Robinion pseudoacaciae Hadač et Sofron ex Vítková in Chytrý 2013

Synonyms

CF02D (ROB-02D) Euphorbio cyparissiae-Robinion pseudoacaciae Vítková in Kolbek et al. 2003

Robinia groves and scrub in dry and warm habitats on shallow soils of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbio cyparissiae-Robinion pseudoacaciae Vítková in Kolbek et al. 2003

Synonyms

CF02E (ROB-02E) Chelidonio-Acerion negundo L. Ishbirdin et A. Ishbirdin 1989

Subspontaneous groves and scrub of Acer negundo of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chelidonio-Acerion negundo L. Ishbirdin et A. Ishbirdin 1989

Synonyms

CG (ARE) Salicetea arenariae Weber 1999

Dune scrub of the Atlantic coasts of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetea arenariae Weber 1999

Synonyms

Remark

are01 | This unit has a geographic analogon in the East Asia − the Rosetea rugosae. (L. Mucina).

CG01 (ARE-01) Salicetalia arenariae Preising et Weber 1997

Dune scrub of the Atlantic coasts of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetalia arenariae Preising et Weber 1997

Synonyms

CG01A (ARE-01A) Salicion arenariae Tx. ex Passarge in Scamoni 1963

Willow and sea buckthorn low scrub on dunes of the oceanic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion arenariae Tx. ex Passarge in Scamoni 1963

Synonyms

CG01B (ARE-01B) Ligustro-Hippophaeion Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1983

Elder, privet and sea buckthorn tall scrub on dunes of the oceanic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ligustro-Hippophaeion Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1983

Synonyms

CG01C (ARE-01C) Holoschoeno australis-Salicion arenariae Neto et al. 2004

Willow scrub on dunes of southwestern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Holoschoeno australis-Salicion arenariae Neto et al. 2004

Synonyms

CG01D (ARE-01D) Pyracantho coccineae-Hippophaeion fluviatilis de Foucault et Julve 2001

Willow scrub on coastal dunes along the Adriatic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pyracantho coccineae-Hippophaeion fluviatilis de Foucault et Julve 2001

Synonyms

CH (ULI) Calluno-Ulicetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Heath on acidic nutrient-poor soils in the lowland to montane belts of the temperate and boreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calluno-Ulicetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

CH01 (ULI-01) Ulicetalia nani Quantin 1935

Gorse and ericoid heath of the winter-mild temperate regions of Western Europe, the Western Mediterranean and Northern Morocco

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulicetalia nani Quantin 1935

Synonyms

CH01A (ULI-01A) Ericion cinereae Böcher 1940

Bell-heather heaths of the oceanic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ericion cinereae Böcher 1940

Synonyms

CH01B (ULI-01B) Ulicion Malcuit 1929

Gorse heath of the oceanic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulicion Malcuit 1929

Synonyms

CH01C (ULI-01C) Daboecion cantabricae (Dupont ex Rivas-Mart. 1979) Rivas-Mart. et al. in Loidi et al. 1997

Hiberno-Cantabrian and French-Biscayan humid-superhumid ericoid heath over acid ferric-humic podsols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Daboecion cantabricae (Dupont ex Rivas-Mart. 1979) Rivas-Mart. et al. in Loidi et al. 1997

Synonyms

CH01D (ULI-01D) Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Thermo-supramediterranean subhumid low silicicolous heath of the north-central and eastern regions of the Iberian Peninsula and Provence

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ericion umbellatae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

CH01E (ULI-01E) Genistion micrantho-anglicae Rivas-Mart. 1979

Iberoatlantic and orocantabro-atlantic hygrophilous silicicolous heath on clayey humus-rich soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genistion micrantho-anglicae Rivas-Mart. 1979

Synonyms

CH01F (ULI-01F) Stauracanthion boivinii (Rivas-Mart. 1979) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Southern Iberian and Northern Moroccan thermo-mesomediterranean subhumid to perhumid silicicolous heath

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stauracanthion boivinii (Rivas-Mart. 1979) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

CH01G (ULI-01G) Daboecion azoricae Lüpnitz 1975

High-altitude hyperhumid heath of the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Daboecion azoricae Lüpnitz 1975

Synonyms

CH02 (ULI-02) Vaccinio myrtilli-Genistetalia pilosae Schubert ex Passarge 1964

Heath of cold-atlantic, subcontinental and subboreal and boreal regions of Western, Central and northeastern Europe and Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio myrtilli-Genistetalia pilosae Schubert ex Passarge 1964

Synonyms

CH02A (ULI-02A) Empetrion nigri Schubert ex Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Dune heath of the oceanic regions of Western Europe and Southern Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Empetrion nigri Schubert ex Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Synonyms

CH02B (ULI-02B) Calluno-Genistion pilosae P. Duvigneaud 1945

Low-altitude heath of the atlantic and subcontinental regions of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calluno-Genistion pilosae P. Duvigneaud 1945

Synonyms

CH02C (ULI-02C) Euphorbio-Callunion Schubert ex Passarge 1964

Low-altitude heath of the continental regions of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbio-Callunion Schubert ex Passarge 1964

Synonyms

CH02D (ULI-02D) Genisto pilosae-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. 1926

Montane-subalpine dwarf heath on siliceous substrates of the nemoral mountain ranges of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genisto pilosae-Vaccinion Br.-Bl. 1926

Synonyms

CH02E (ULI-02E) Bruckenthalion spiculifoliae Horvat 1949

Supramontane and subalpine dwarf heath on siliceous substrates of the Southern Carpathians and the Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bruckenthalion spiculifoliae Horvat 1949

Synonyms

CH03 (ULI-03) Vaccinio-Juniperetalia communis Passarge 1972

Low-altitude acidophilous juniper scrub of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio-Juniperetalia communis Passarge 1972

Synonyms

CH03A (ULI-03A) Vaccinio-Juniperion communis Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Low-altitude acidophilous juniper scrub of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vaccinio-Juniperion communis Passarge in Passarge et G. Hofmann 1968

Synonyms

CI (NAR) Nardetea strictae Rivas Goday et Borja Carbonell in Rivas Goday et Mayor López 1966 nom. conserv. propos.

Secondary mat-grass swards on nutrient-poor soils at low and mid-altitudes of the temperate, boreal and subarctic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardetea strictae Rivas Goday et Borja Carbonell in Rivas Goday et Mayor López 1966 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

nar01 | De Foucault (1994, 2012) presented synoptic tables featuring the Nardetalia alongside the 'Festucetalia spadiceae', Saginetalia piliferi, Trifolietalia parnassi and Udo-Nardetalia to be classified within the 'Nardetea'. This approach has been also followed in some other European surveys (e.g. Kliment & Valachovič 2007). The synoptic tables in de Foucault's paper actually support the opposite view − one that has been adopted in our paper. We prefer to place the secondary oligotrophic pastures of the Nardetalia (the nomenclature type of the Nardetea) into the Nardetea as defined originally by Rivas Goday & Rivas-Martínez (1963), while the primary oligotrophic pastures/grasslands occurring at high altitudes and showing high level of regional and local endemism are classified within the Juncetea trifidi. The secondary low-altitude Nardetalia pastures are replacing various woods on nutrient-poor substrates (e.g. Quercetea robori-petraeae), degraded heaths of the Calluno-Ulicetea and drained oligotropic wetlands. It is obvious that the historical and evolutionary (hence biogeographic) drivers in the secondary and primary oligotrophic grasslands are of different nature, steering the community assemblage in different ways. Mechanistic placement of the above-mentioned oligotrophic grassland units all under one broad umbrella on the basis of occurrence of a very broadly distributed group of species into the broadly conceived class 'Nardetea' (as interpreted by de Foucault (l.c.) defies the logic of an informative syntaxonomic system. Some vegetation surveys prefer a physiognomically heterogeneous concept of a broader class − the Calluno-Ulicetea sensu lato (incl. both heath and oligotrophic grasslands) arguing for poor floristic difference between the Nardetea and the Calluno-Ulicetea s.str., yet neglecting vegetation-structural characteristics. (L. Mucina) For the detailed argumentation underpinnig the proposal to conserve the name Nardetea strictae Rivas Goday et Borja Carbonell in Rivas Goday et Mayor López 1966 against the name Nardo-Callunetea Preising 1950 see Di Pietro et al. (2015). (J.-P. Theurillat).

CI01 (NAR-01) Nardetalia strictae Preising 1950

Secondary mat-grass swards on nutrient-poor soils at low and mid-altitudes of temperate, boreal and subarctic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardetalia strictae Preising 1950

Synonyms

Remark

new, nar02 | The alliance Campanulo-Nardion erroneously appeared twice in the EuroVegChecklist: As Campanulo-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964 in the class Nardetea strictae, and as Campanulo herminii-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964 in the class Juncetea trifidi, order Udo-Nardetalia. According to Di Pietro et al. (2017), the alliance belongs to the order Udo-Nardetalia. Therefore, the alliance NAR-01E was deleted.

CI01A (NAR-01A) Equiseto-Galion borealis Tx. in Tx. et Böttcher 1969

Slightly chionophilous grasslands on volcanic soils of Iceland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Equiseto-Galion borealis Tx. in Tx. et Böttcher 1969

Synonyms

CI01B (NAR-01B) Violion caninae Schwickerath 1944

Meso-subxerophytic oligotrophic pastures in the lowland to submontane belts of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violion caninae Schwickerath 1944

Synonyms

CI01C (NAR-01C) Nardo-Juncion squarrosi (Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1964

Hygrophilous oligotrophic meadows on peaty soils of the subatlantic regions of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardo-Juncion squarrosi (Oberd. 1957) Passarge 1964

Synonyms

CI01D (NAR-01D) Nardo-Agrostion tenuis Sillinger 1933

Mat-grass dry pastures in the submontane to subalpine belts of the mountain ranges of Central Europe and the Northern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardo-Agrostion tenuis Sillinger 1933

Synonyms

CI01F (NAR-01F) Nardo-Agrostion caninae Cortini-Pedrotti et al. 1973

Oligotrophic mat-grass and tussock pastures in the montane belt of the Northern and Central Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardo-Agrostion caninae Cortini-Pedrotti et al. 1973

Synonyms

CI01G (NAR-01G) Cirsio vallis-demoni-Nardion Giacomini et Gentile ex Di Pietro et Theurillat in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Calabrian supramediterranean mesic seasonal perennial pastures on siliceous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsio vallis-demoni-Nardion Giacomini et Gentile ex Di Pietro et Theurillat in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

CI01H (NAR-01H) Achilleo-Arnicion Horvat et Pawłowski in Horvat 1960

Oligotrophic pastures in the lowland to submontane belts of the Western Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Achilleo-Arnicion Horvat et Pawłowski in Horvat 1960

Synonyms

CI01I (NAR-01I) Potentillo montenegrinae-Festucion paniculatae Redžić ex Čarni et Mucina 2015

Subalpine tussock grasslands on decalcified deep calcareous soils of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillo montenegrinae-Festucion paniculatae Redžić ex Čarni et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

CJ (COR) Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

Dry grasslands on sandy soils and on rocky outcrops of the temperate to boreal zones of Europe, the North Atlantic islands and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

Synonyms

Remark

cor01 | Until about 1992−1993 the syntaxonomy of this class has not experienced any major changes since its first description by Klika (1941). In 1993 Mucina & Kolbek (1993b) united the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and the Sedo-Scleranthetea (Braun-Blanquet 1955). The syntaxonomic issues pertinent to this group of communities were reviewed in Dierschke (1986). Later (Dengler 2003), the concept of the Koelerio-Corynephoretea was further expanded by the addition of the syntaxonomic contents known as the ‘Festucetalia vaginatae’ and the ‘Artemisio-Koelerietalia’ (I prefer the latter to be classified within the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae). Here I wish to revoke the original 1993 decision to lump the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and the Sedo-Scleranthetea and recognise the floristic and ecological differences between the xerophilous (prevalently grass-dominated) vegetation on sandy soils (Koelerio-Corynephoretea) from those on raw, skeletal soils of hard substrates rich in succulent (Sedo-Scleranthetea) at the class level. Unlike in 1993, I also place the Festucetea vaginatae in the Koelerio-Corynephoretea. (L. Mucina) J. Dengler claims that his widely conceived Koelerio-Corynephoretea s.l. (incl. the Sedo-Scleranthetea and Festucetea vaginatae) is supported by an extensive numerical analysis of 267 synoptic tables of the relevant vegetation types throughout Europe (Dengler 2003). This author further admits that there are two floristically and ecologically well-defined groups − a group of orders on deep sands (sometimes treated as the Koelerio-Corynephorenea) and a group of orders on shallow skeletal soils (sometimes treated as the Sedo-Scleranthenea). J. Dengler further suggests that the delimitation of the Koelerio-Corynephoretea towards several Mediterranean classes remains rather unclear and needs a large-scale revision. This particularly concerns the present concepts of the Helianthemetea guttati, the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae and the Festucetea indigestae.

CJ01 (COR-01) Corynephoretalia canescentis Klika 1934

Silicicolous tussock grasslands on inland sand dunes of the atlantic and subatlantic regions of Western, Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Corynephoretalia canescentis Klika 1934

Synonyms

CJ01A (COR-01A) Corynephorion canescentis Klika 1931

Silicicolous tussock open grasslands of the Atlantic and subatlantic regions of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Corynephorion canescentis Klika 1931

Synonyms

CJ01B (COR-01B) Koelerion glaucae Volk 1931

Steppic grasslands on stabilised inland sand dunes on fluvioglacial deposits of Central Europe and the western regions of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerion glaucae Volk 1931

Synonyms

CJ01C (COR-01C) Sedo-Cerastion arvensis Sissingh et Tideman 1960

Meso-xerophytic closed swards on acidic to neutral sandy soils in lowlands of the (sub)atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo-Cerastion arvensis Sissingh et Tideman 1960

Synonyms

Remark

cor06 | While Weeda et al. (1996) restricted the concept of this syntaxon to the vegetation on river dunes of Western Europe, K. Dierssen suggests widening the concept and considers this alliance as an atlantic to subatlantic analogue of the Armerion elongatae, where the matrix species Festuca brevipila is replaced by F. filiformis. (L. Mucina).

CJ01D (COR-01D) Armerion elongatae Pötsch 1962

Meso-xerophytic closed swards on slightly acidic to alkaline sandy soils in the lowlands of subcontinental Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion elongatae Pötsch 1962

Synonyms

CJ02 (COR-02) Festucetalia vaginatae Soó 1957

European (sub)continental fescue sandy steppes in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucetalia vaginatae Soó 1957

Synonyms

CJ02A (COR-02A) Festucion vaginatae de Soó 1929

Pannonian subcontinental fescue sandy steppes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion vaginatae de Soó 1929

Synonyms

CJ02B (COR-02B) Festucion beckeri Vicherek 1972

Pontic continental fescue sandy steppes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion beckeri Vicherek 1972

Synonyms

Remark

cor07 | Dengler (2003: 202 et seq. and unpubl.) considers the Festucion beckeri to be a Pontic analogon of the northwestern Sarmatian Koelerion glaucae and the Pannonian Festucion vaginatae, with which it shares ecological and physiognomic features as well as many species. The matrix-forming fescues (F. psammophila, F. polesica in the Koelerion glaucae, F. vaginata in the Festucion vaginatae and F. beckeri in the Festucion beckeri are also very closely related). By contrast, the stands of the Festucion beckeri on sand dunes in Southern Ukraine hardly share any species with typical steppes of the Festuco-Brometea on loess sites nearby. (J. Dengler).

CJ03 (COR-03) Artemisio crithmifoliae-Koelerietalia albescentis Sissingh 1974 nom. corr.

Sandy grasslands and scrub on base-rich stabilized grey hind dunes of the shores of much of the warm-temperate to boreal Atlantic Ocean and the northern seaboards of the Adriatic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio-Koelerietalia Sissingh 1974

Synonyms

CJ03A (COR-03A) Koelerion arenariae Tx. 1937 mut. Gutermann et Mucina 1993

Sandy grasslands on base-rich stabilised grey hind dunes of the North Sea coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerion arenariae Tx. 1937 corr. Gutermann et Mucina 1993

Synonyms

Remark

cru02 | The formal correction of this name was performed in Gutermann & Mucina (1993). (L. Mucina).

CJ03B (COR-03B) Euphorbio portlandicae-Helichrysion stoechadis Géhu et Tx. ex Sissingh 1974

Sandy grasslands and dwarf scrub on base-rich stabilised grey hind dunes of the francoatlantic shores of the Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbio portlandicae-Helichrysion stoechadis Sissingh 1974

Synonyms

CJ03C (COR-03C) Syntrichio ruraliformis-Lomelosion argenteae Biondi, Sburlino et Theurillat in Sburlino et al. 2013

Sandy grasslands and dwarf scrub on base-rich stabilised grey hind dunes of the shores of the Gulf of Venice (Adriatic Sea)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Syntrichio-Lomelosion argenteae Biondi, Sburlino et Theurillat in Sburlino et al. 2014

Synonyms

CK (SED) Sedo-Scleranthetea Br.-Bl. 1955

Pioneer vegetation on shallow soils on rocky siliceous outcrops on siliceous rocks of temperate and boreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo-Scleranthetea Br.-Bl. 1955

Synonyms

Remark

sed01 | This syntaxon has been in use in many national vegetation surveys (Oberdorfer et al. 1967; Oberdorfer 1992; Valachovič et al. 1995; Jarolímek & Šibík 2008) and lately also by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011). (L. Mucina).

CK01 (SED-01) Sedo-Poetalia glaucae de Molenaar 1976

Open subthermophilous grasslands on skeletal shallow soils of Scandinavia and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo-Poetalia glaucae de Molenaar 1976

Synonyms

CK01A (SED-01A) Veronico-Poion glaucae Nordhagen 1943

Open subthermophilous grasslands on sandy and skeletal shallow soils on neutral-basic substrates of Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico-Poion glaucae Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

CK01B (SED-01B) Rumici acetosellae-Agrostion borealis Knapp 1964

Open subthermophilous grassy swards and low scrub on skeletal shallow soils on siliceous substrates of Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumici acetosellae-Agrostion borealis Knapp 1964

Synonyms

CK02 (SED-02) Sedo-Scleranthetalia Br.-Bl. 1955

Pioneer herb-rich vegetation on shallow soils on rocky outcrops in the nemoral and boreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo-Scleranthetalia Br.-Bl. 1955

Synonyms

CK02A (SED-02A) Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii Korneck 1974

Thermophilous therophyte- and geophyte-rich vegetation on stable siliceous rubble of Central Europe and Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii Korneck 1974

Synonyms

CK02B (SED-02B) Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. et Richard 1950

Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on siliceous rocky outcrops of the valleys of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo-Scleranthion Br.-Bl. et Richard 1950

Synonyms

CK02C (SED-02C) Sedion anglici Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on siliceous rocky outcrops of the atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedion anglici Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

sed03 | These communities are floristically and ecologically very similar to the Thero-Airion. Therefore Dengler (2004: 310) considers these two alliances to be synonymous. Within the Thero-Airion, the communities with Sedum anglicum could be recognised as a suballiance in its own right. (J. Dengler).

CK02D (SED-02D) Sedion pyrenaici Tx. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils on siliceous rocky outcrops of the Pyrenees and the Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedion pyrenaici Tx. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

CK02E (SED-02E) Hyperico perforati-Scleranthion perennis Moravec 1967

Boreo-montane silicicolous meso-xerophytic swards on shallow skeletal soils of Central and Eastern Europe, the British Isles and Fennoscandia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico perforati-Scleranthion perennis Moravec 1967

Synonyms

CK02F (SED-02F) Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatić et N. Ranđelović in N. Ranđelović 1977

Open swards on shallow soils over siliceous rocky outcrops of the Southern and Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scabioso-Trifolion dalmatici Horvatić et N. Ranđelović in N. Ranđelović 1977

Synonyms

CK02G (SED-02G) Poo bulbosae-Stipion graniticolae Vynokurov 2014

Open swards on shallows soils over granitic outcrops of Southern Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poo bulbosae-Stipion graniticolae Vynokurov 2014

Synonyms

CK03 (SED-03) Thero-Airetalia Rivas Goday 1964

Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils of the winter-mild atlantic and subboreal regions of Western Europe, the Northern Iberian Peninsula and Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thero-Airetalia Rivas Goday 1964

Synonyms

CK03A (SED-03A) Thero-Airion Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Pioneer vegetation on acidic shallow soils of the winter-mild atlantic and subboreal regions of Western Europe, the Northern Iberian Peninsula and Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thero-Airion Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

Remark

sed04 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (1999, 2002b: 499) prefer classification of this alliance within the Mediterranean Helianthemetalia guttatae. E. Bergmeier supports this view as well while L. Mucina and J. Dengler disagree.

CK04 (SED-04) Alysso-Sedetalia Moravec 1967

European temperate pioneer therophyte and stonecrop swards on calcareous shallow skeletal soils and base-rich sands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alysso-Sedetalia Moravec 1967

Synonyms

Remark

sed05 | Tentatively the communities dominated by short-lived herbs and annual grasses of sandy-dune substrates in Central Europe (Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri Korneck 1974, Bassio laniflorae-Bromion tectorum Borhidi 1996 nom. conserv. propos.) are classified within this order. Description of an order to accommodate these two alliances might be seen as a logical option. (L. Mucina).

CK04A (SED-04A) Alysso alyssoidis-Sedion Oberd. et T. Müller in T. Müller 1961

Thermophilous stonecrop vegetation on weathered calcareous rocks of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alysso alyssoidis-Sedion Oberd. et T. Müller in T. Müller 1961

Synonyms

CK04B (SED-04B) Tortello tortuosae-Sedion albi Hallberg ex Dengler et Löbel 2006

Xeric basiphilous grasslands on shallow soils of Baltic alvars

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tortello tortuosae-Sedion albi Hallberg ex Dengler et Löbel 2006

Synonyms

CK04C (SED-04C) Sedion micrantho-sediformis Rivas-Mart., P. Sánchez et Alcaraz ex P. Sánchez et Alcaraz 1993

Pioneer therophyte and stonecrop swards of calcareous outcrops of the submediterranean Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedion micrantho-sediformis Rivas-Mart., P. Sánchez et Alcaraz ex P. Sánchez et Alcaraz 1993

Synonyms

CK04D (SED-04D) Armerion junceae Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Meso-xerophytic open swards on dolomite sands of Southern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion junceae Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

CK04E (SED-04E) Valerianion tuberosae Guinochet 1975

Open herb-rich swards of calcareous shallow rubble soils in the submediterranean French Prealps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Valerianion tuberosae Guinochet 1975

Synonyms

CK04F (SED-04F) Aethionemion saxatilis Bergmeier et al. 2009

Thermophilous open-sward vegetation of the calcareous and metalliferous rock outcrops of the submediterranean Northern Hellas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aethionemion saxatilis Bergmeier et al. 2009

Synonyms

CK04G (SED-04G) Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri Korneck 1974

Central European annual open swards on stablised base-rich inland sand dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri Korneck 1974

Synonyms

CK04H (SED-04H) Bassio laniflorae-Bromion tectorum Borhidi 1996 nom. conserv. propos.

Pannonian annual open swards on base-rich sandy substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bassio laniflorae-Bromion tectorum Borhidi 1996 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sed07 | This name becomes an obvious candidate for conservation in case the Bromion tectorum Soó ex Felföldy 1942 becomes rejected as nomen ambiguum. (L. Mucina) The Bassio laniflorae-Bromion tectorum is considered to be syntaxonomically synonymous with of the Sileno conicae-Cerastion semidecandri by some authors. (J. Dengler).

CL (GER) Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei T. Müller 1962

Thermophilous forest fringe and tall-herb vegetation in nutrient-poor sites in the submediterranean to subboreal zones of Europe and the Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei T. Müller 1962

Synonyms

Remark

ger01 | Chytrý (2007) did not accept this class and classified a part of its syntaxonomic content into the Festuco-Brometea, based on considerable floristic similarity and its enormous heterogeneity as it includes alliances of dry herbaceous vegetation related to the Festuco-Brometea, alliances of mesic vegetation related to the Arrhenatheretalia, alliances of oligotrophic grasslands related to the Nardetalia, and alliances of disturbed vegetation related to the Epilobietea angustifolii. (L. Mucina, M. Chytrý).

CL01 (GER-01) Origanetalia vulgaris T. Müller 1962

Meso-subxerophytic fringe and tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-poor but base-rich soils of temperate and subboreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Origanetalia vulgaris T. Müller 1962

Synonyms

CL01A (GER-01A) Knaution dipsacifoliae Julve ex Dengler et Boch 2008

Meso-subxerophytic fringe vegetation on nutrient-poor but base-rich soils at higher altitudes of temperate Europe and subboreal Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Knaution dipsacifoliae Julve ex Dengler et Boch 2008

Synonyms

CL01B (GER-01B) Trifolion medii T. Müller 1962

Meso-subxerophytic fringe vegetation on nutrient-poor but base-rich soils at lower altitudes of temperate Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion medii T. Müller 1962

Synonyms

CL01C (GER-01C) Violion kitaibelianae Ubaldi 2011

Mesophilous tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-poor but base-rich soils of the fringes and clearings of deciduous forests in the submontane and lower montane belts of the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violion kitaibelianae Ubaldi 2011

Synonyms

CL02 (GER-02) Antherico ramosi-Geranietalia sanguinei Julve ex Dengler in Dengler et al. 2003

Xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-poor and base-rich soils in the submediterranean, temperate and subboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Antherico ramosi-Geranietalia sanguinei Julve ex Dengler in Dengler et al. 2003

Synonyms

CL02A (GER-02A) Geranion sanguinei Tx. in T. Müller 1962

Xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation of subcontinental Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranion sanguinei Tx. in T. Müller 1962

Synonyms

CL02B (GER-02B) Galio littoralis-Geranion sanguinei Géhu et Géhu-Franck in de Foucault et al. 1983

Xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation of the temperate Atlantic and Baltic seaboards and subboreal Southern Fennoscandia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galio littoralis-Geranion sanguinei Géhu et Géhu-Franck in de Foucault et al. 1983

Synonyms

CL02C (GER-02C) Dictamno albi-Ferulagion galbaniferae (van Gils et al. 1975) de Foucault et al. ex Čarni et Dengler in Mucina et al. 2009

Xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation of the Illyrian and Dinaric regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dictamno albi-Ferulagion galbaniferae (van Gils et al. 1975) de Foucault et al. ex Čarni et Dengler in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

Remark

ger02 | For details of the nomenclature of this name see Mucina et al. (2009). (L. Mucina).

CL02D (GER-02D) Lathyro laxiflori-Trifolion velenovskyi (Čarni et al. 2000) Čarni 2005

Subxerophilous fringe vegetation of the Southern and Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lathyro laxiflori-Trifolion velenovskyi (Čarni et al. 2000) Čarni 2005

Synonyms

CL03 (GER-03) Asphodeletalia macrocarpae Biondi et Allegrezza in Biondi et al. 2014

Meso-xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation on deep oligotrophic soils in the meso- and supratemperate belts of the Southern European peninsulas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asphodeletalia macrocarpae Biondi et Allegrezza in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

Remark

ger03 | The acceptance of this order is only tentative, pending further research on fringe communities of the Mediterranean woodlands and scrub. (L. Mucina).

CL03A (GER-03A) Stachyo lusitanicae-Cheirolophion sempervirentis (Capelo 1996) Capelo in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Neutro-acidophilous to basiphilous fringe vegetation in the mesomediterranean belt of the southwestern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stachyo lusitanicae-Cheirolophion sempervirentis (Capelo 1996) Capelo in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

CL03B (GER-03B) Thalictro aquilegiifolii-Asphodelion macrocarpi Allegrezza et al. 2015

Meso-xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation on deep oligotrophic soils over calcareous substrates in the lower supratemperate belts of the Central Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thalictro aquilegiifolii-Asphodelion macrocarpi Allegrezza et al. 2015

Synonyms

CL03C (GER-03C) Cyano triumfetti-Asphodelion macrocarpae Biondi et Allegrezza in Biondi et al. 2014

Meso-xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation on deep oligotrophic soils over calcareous substrates in the upper supratemperate belts of the Central Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cyano triumfetti-Asphodelion macrocarpae Biondi et Allegrezza in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CL03D (GER-03D) Hyperico calabricae-Asphodelion macrocarpi Biondi, Gangale et Uzunov in Biondi et al. 2014

Meso-xerophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation on deep oligotrophic soils over siliceous substrates in the meso- and supratemperate belts of the Southern Apennine Peninsula and Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico calabricae-Asphodelion macrocarpi Biondi, Gangale et Uzunov in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CL04 (GER-04) Ranunculo cortusifolii-Geranietalia canariensis Capelo et Mucina in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Mesophilous herb-rich fringe vegetation of the Macaronesian evergreen laurisilva

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculo cortusifolii-Geranietalia canariensis Capelo et Mucina in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

CL04A (GER-04A) Ranunculo cortusifolii-Geranion canariensis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Mesophilous herb-rich fringe vegetation of the Macaronesian evergreen laurisilva

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculo cortusifolii-Geranion canariensis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

CL04B (GER-04B) Pericallion malvifoliae Fernández Prieto, Dias et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Mesophilous forest fringe vegetation in the semi-shaded habitats at low and mid-altitudes of the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pericallion malvifoliae Fernández Prieto, Dias et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

CL05 (GER-05) Melampyro-Holcetalia mollis Passarge in Theurillat et al. 1995

Meso-xerophytic fringe and tall-herb on acidic soils in the submediterranean to subboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Melampyro-Holcetalia mollis Passarge in Theurillat et al. 1995

Synonyms

Remark

ger04 | This order forms, in the view of some French authors (e.g. Bardat et al. 2004; Royer et al. 2006), the basis for the recognition of a class in its own right − the Melampyro-Holcetea mollis Passarge ex Klauck 1992. (L. Mucina).

CL05A (GER-05A) Melampyrion pratensis Passarge 1979

Meso-xerophytic forest-edge communities on acidic soils in semi-shady to sunny habitats of temperate and (sub)boreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Melampyrion pratensis Passarge 1979

Synonyms

CL05B (GER-05B) Violo rivinianae-Stellarion holosteae Passarge 1994

Mesophilous fringe and tall-herb vegetation on slightly humic acidic soils of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violo rivinianae-Stellarion holosteae Passarge 1994

Synonyms

CL05C (GER-05C) Poion nemoralis Dengler et al. 2006

Mesophilous forest-edge vegetation on slightly acidic soils in shady habitats of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poion nemoralis Dengler et al. 2006

Synonyms

CL05D (GER-05D) Teucrion scorodoniae de Foucault et al. 1983

Mesophilous tall-herb fringe vegetation on acidic soils of the atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Teucrion scorodoniae de Foucault et al. 1983

Synonyms

CL05E (GER-05E) Linarion triornithophorae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Acidophilous forest fringe vegetation in the supratemperate and meso-supramediterranean belts of the Northern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linarion triornithophorae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

CL05F (GER-05F) Origanion virentis Rivas-Mart. et O. de Bolòs in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Acidophilous xeric fringe and tall-herb vegetation in the mesomediterranean belt of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Origanion virentis Rivas-Mart. et O. de Bolòs in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

CL05G (GER-05G) Luzulo sieberi-Brachypodion genuensis Allegrezza et Biondi in Biondi et al. 2015

Acidophilous mesophilous fringe vegetation in the supratemperate belt of the Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Luzulo sieberi-Brachypodion genuensis Allegrezza et Biondi in Biondi et al. 2015

Synonyms

Remark

ger05 | The suggested classification of this alliance within the (calcicolous) mediterranean order Asphodeletalia macrocarpi (see Biondi et al. 2015) is not appropriate since. The vegetation of this alliance occurs thermo-climatically in the 'upper supratemperate' − hence it is of submediterranean character. (L. Mucina, R. Di Pietro).

CL05H (GER-05H) Digitalidi ferrugineae-Pteridion aquilini Biondi et Casavecchia in Biondi et al. 2014

Acidophilous forest fringe and tall-herb vegetation of abandoned grasslands developed on decalcified soils in the colline and montane belts of the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Digitalidi ferrugineae-Pteridion aquilini Biondi et Casavecchia in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

CM (MOL) Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937

Anthropogenic managed pastures, meadows and tall-herb meadow fringes on fertile deep soils at low and mid-altitudes (rarely also high altitudes) of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937

Synonyms

CM01 (MOL-01) Arrhenatheretalia elatioris Tx. 1931

Mown meadows and pastures on well-drained mineral soils at low and mid-altitudes of temperate and subboreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arrhenatheretalia elatioris Tx. 1931

Synonyms

CM01A (MOL-01A) Arrhenatherion elatioris Koch 1926

Mesic mown meadows on mineral-rich soils in the lowland to submontane belts of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arrhenatherion elatioris Luquet 1926

Synonyms

CM01B (MOL-01B) Phyteumato-Trisetion Ellmauer et Mucina 1993

Mesic mown meadows on relatively mineral-poor soils in the submontane and montane belts of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phyteumato-Trisetion Ellmauer et Mucina 1993

Synonyms

CM01C (MOL-01C) Cynosurion cristati Tx. 1947

Mesic pastures on well-drained mineral-rich soils at low to mid-altitudes of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cynosurion cristati Tx. 1947

Synonyms

Remark

mol06 | A proposal to conserve the name Cynosurion cristati Tx. 1947 against the name Lolion perennis Felföldy 1942 was made by Chytrý & Blažková in Chytrý (2007: 195, 197). (L. Mucina).

CM01D (MOL-01D) Alchemillo-Ranunculion repentis Passarge 1979

Slightly trampled herb-rich grasslands in shaded habitats of the temperate and subboreal regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alchemillo-Ranunculion repentis Passarge 1979

Synonyms

CM01E (MOL-01E) Brachypodio-Centaureion nemoralis Br.-Bl. 1967

Mesic mown meadows on mineral-rich soils of the thermo-atlantic and submediterranean regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodio-Centaureion nemoralis Br.-Bl. 1967

Synonyms

CM01F (MOL-01F) Salvio pratensis-Dactylidion glomeratae Ubaldi et al. in Ubaldi 2003

Mesic mown meadows on mineral-rich soils of the submediterranean regions of the Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salvio pratensis-Dactylidion glomeratae Ubaldi et al. in Ubaldi 2003

Synonyms

CM01G (MOL-01G) Rumicion thyrsiflori Micevski 1994

Mesic mown meadows on mineral-rich soils of the submediterranean regions of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumicion thyrsiflori Micevski 1994

Synonyms

CM01H (MOL-01H) Trifolio pratensis-Brizion elatioris Didukh et Kuzemko 2009

Mesic mown meadows on well-drained soils of forest clearings in the mountains of submediterranean Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio pratensis-Brizion elatioris Didukh et Kuzemko 2009

Synonyms

CM02 (MOL-02) Galietalia veri Mirkin et Naumova 1986

Steppic meadows on rarely flooded river terraces in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Eastern Europe, and Western and Central Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galietalia veri Mirkin et Naumova 1986

Synonyms

Remark

mol08 | The Galietalia veri represents a special type of Eastern European and Siberian meadow vegetation. The vegetation of this order occurs for J.-P. Theurillat in Eastern Europe and Western Siberia, on high-elevated alluvial river terraces. (N. Ermakov) Basic attributes of this order are: (1) subxeric meadows; (2) highly variable moisture regime including occasional spring flooding and summer dry; (3) continental climate; (4) presence of the Molinio-Arrhenathereta and Festuco-Brometea species; (5) absence of many European dominants typical of the Arrhenatheretalia (e.g. Anthoxanthum odoratum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bellis perennis, Cynosurus cristatus, Holcus lanatus, etc.). This vegetation covers vast area and it deserved recognition on a high-rank level. (A. Solomeshch) The communities classified within Galietalia veri mostly should belong to the Festuco-Brometea (Brachypodietalia pinnati) and the Koelerio-Corynephoretea, and to a smaller extent probably also to the Trifolio-Geranietea and the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea (Arrhenatheretalia elatioris). Whether there is a case for recognition of the Galietalia veri remains open for further studies. (J. Dengler) Nomenclatural notes on this order are found in Kuzemko (2009). (L. Mucina).

CM02A (MOL-02A) Agrostion vinealis Sipailova et al. 1985

Steppic meadows on intermittently wet floodplains of the Dnieper River basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostion vinealis Sipailova et al. 1985

Synonyms

CM02B (MOL-02B) Artemision ponticae Golub et Saveleva in Golub 1995

Steppic meadows on intermittently wet floodplains of the Don River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemision ponticae Golub et Saveleva in Golub 1995

Synonyms

CM02C (MOL-02C) Trifolion montani Naumova 1986

Steppic meadows on rarely flooded river terraces of the Southern Urals and Western Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion montani Naumova 1986

Synonyms

CM03 (MOL-03) Poo alpinae-Trisetetalia Ellmauer et Mucina 1993

High-altitude mesic hay meadows and pastures in the mountain ranges of the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poo alpinae-Trisetetalia Ellmauer et Mucina 1993

Synonyms

CM03A (MOL-03A) Triseto flavescentis-Polygonion bistortae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Marschall 1947

Montane-supramontane hay meadows on fertile mineral-rich soils of Central European mountain ranges

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Triseto flavescentis-Polygonion bistortae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Marschall 1947

Synonyms

CM03B (MOL-03B) Poion alpinae Gams ex Oberd. 1950

Cattle pastures of fertile soils in the subalpine belt of the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poion alpinae Gams ex Oberd. 1950

Synonyms

CM03C (MOL-03C) Poion supinae Rivas-Mart. et Géhu 1978

Heavily-trampled pastures at high altitudes of the mountain ranges of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poion supinae Rivas-Mart. et Géhu 1978

Synonyms

CM03D (MOL-03D) Violion cornutae Nègre 1972

Mesic montane meadows on fertile mineral soils of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violion cornutae Nègre 1972

Synonyms

CM03E (MOL-03E) Pancicion serbicae Lakušić 1966

Mesic montane meadows on fertile mineral soils of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pancicion serbicae Lakušić 1966

Synonyms

CM03F (MOL-03F) Helictotricho compressi-Bistortion officinalis Didukh et Kuzemko 2009

Mesic montane pastures (yailas) on deep humus-rich soils in karst dolinas of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helictotricho compressi-Bistortion officinalis Didukh et Kuzemko 2009

Synonyms

CM03G (MOL-03G) Astrantion maximae Korotkov 2013

Mesic subalpine meadows on nutrient-rich calcareous soils of the Central Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astrantion maximae Korotkov 2013

Synonyms

CM04 (MOL-04) Carici macrourae-Crepidetalia sibiricae Ermakov et al. 1999

Mesic meadows on fertile soils in the continental forest-steppe zone of the Southern Urals and Western Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici macrourae-Crepidetalia sibiricae Ermakov et al. 1999

Synonyms

CM04A (MOL-04A) Polygonion krascheninnikovii Kashapov 1985

Meadows rich in tall herbs on fertile mineral soils in the montane zone of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygonion krascheninnikovii Kashapov 1985

Synonyms

CM05 (MOL-05) Molinietalia caeruleae Koch 1926

Wet mown meadows on mineral and peaty soils in the temperate to subarctic zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinietalia caeruleae Koch 1926

Synonyms

CM05A (MOL-05A) Molinion caeruleae Koch 1926

Mown meadows on temporarily wet soils at low altitudes of temperate Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinion caeruleae Koch 1926

Synonyms

CM05B (MOL-05B) Calthion palustris Tx. 1937

Herb-rich temporarily wet mown meadows on mineral soils at low altitudes of suboceanic Western and subcontinental Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calthion palustris Tx. 1937

Synonyms

CM05C (MOL-05C) Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising ex de Foucault 2009

Herb-rich temporarily wet mown meadows on mineral soils at low altitudes of the oceanic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bromion racemosi Tx. In Tx. et Preising ex de Foucault 2009

Synonyms

CM05D (MOL-05D) Deschampsion cespitosae Horvatić 1930

Mown temporarily wet meadows on heavy soils on floodplains in the forest and forest-steppe zones of (sub)continental Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsion cespitosae Horvatić 1930

Synonyms

CM05E (MOL-05E) Conioselinion tatarici Golub et al. 2003 nom. inval. (5a)

Wet herb-rich meadows in supralittoral habitats of the subarctic seaboards of the White Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Conioselinion tatarici Golub et al. 2003

Synonyms

CM05F (MOL-05F) Oenanthion fistulosae de Foucault 2009

Floodplain mown meadows under influence of prolonged inundation at low altitudes of the winter-mild regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oenanthion fistulosae de Foucault 2009

Synonyms

CM05G (MOL-05G) Eleocharition palustris Mirkin et Naumova 1986

Mown floodplain wet meadows on heavy soils in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals and Western Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eleocharition palustris Mirkin et Naumova 1986

Synonyms

CM06 (MOL-06) Trifolio-Hordeetalia Horvatić 1963

Amphiadriatic wet meadows on gleyic soils of the river floodplains and karstic poljes of the Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio-Hordeetalia Horvatić 1963

Synonyms

CM06A (MOL-06A) Molinio-Hordeion secalini Horvatić 1934

Vegetation of wet meadows of the submediterranean precipitation-rich regions of the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinio-Hordeion secalini Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

Remark

mol14 | The original diagnosis of the name in Horvatić (1934: 307) contains two associations, such as the 'Asocijacija Trifolium fragiferum-Hordeum secalinum', preferentially named 'Hordeetum secalini' (p. 308) and the 'Peucedaneto-Molinietum littoralis' (p. 321). To our knowledge, the name Molinio-Hordeion Horvatić 1934 has not been typified yet and therefore we select here the name Trifolio fragiferi-Hordeetum secalini Horvatić 1934 as the lectotypus hoc loco. (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

CM06B (MOL-06B) Trifolion resupinati Micevski 1957

Vegetation of wet meadows of the subarid continental regions of the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion resupinati Micevski 1957

Synonyms

CM06C (MOL-06C) Trifolio-Ranunculion pedati Slavnić 1948

Vegetation of wet meadows of the subhumid continental regions of Northern Serbia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio-Ranunculion pedati Slavnić 1948

Synonyms

CM06D (MOL-06D) Trifolion pallidi Ilijanić 1969

Vegetation of wet meadows of the humid continental regions of the north-central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion pallidi Ilijanić 1969

Synonyms

CM06E (MOL-06E) Ranunculion velutini Pedrotti 1978

Vegetation of wet meadows of the subhumid high-altitude karst poljes of the Central Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculion velutini Pedrotti 1978

Synonyms

CM07 (MOL-07) Holoschoenetalia Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948

Humid grass-rush meadows of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Holoschoenetalia Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948

Synonyms

Remark

mol17 | Delimitation of this vegetation towards the Juncetea maritimi is not clear and therefore it could be accommodated within the latter class. (E. Bergmeier) The communities of this order occur in freshwater-fed wetlands and therefore the classification within the Juncetea maritimi does not appear as warranted. However the current delimitation of the alliances within the Holoschoenetalia Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948 leaves a lot of latitude for improvement. (L. Mucina).

CM07A (MOL-07A) Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948

Seasonally flooded meadows on subsaline soils of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinio-Holoschoenion Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948

Synonyms

CM07B (MOL-07B) Sieglingion decumbentis Gamisans 1976

Relict oromediterranean oligotrophic silicicolous humid swards of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sieglingion decumbentis Gamisans 1976

Synonyms

Remark

mol20 | This alliance consists of a mixture of the Nardetalia, Cynosurion and Caricetalia fuscae elements − the alliance should therefore be rejected as nomen dubium. The local associations belong to the Caricion fuscae. (K. Dierssen).

CM07C (MOL-07C) Dactylorhizo-Juncion striati S. Brullo et Grillo 1978

Relict humid swards of high altitudes of Calabria and Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dactylorhizo-Juncion striati S. Brullo et Grillo 1978

Synonyms

CM07D (MOL-07D) Deschampsion mediae Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 nom. conserv. propos.

Humid meso-supramediterranean and submediterranean pastures on clayey soils of the Eastern Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsion mediae Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

mol22 | See Remark mol21. (L. Mucina).

CM07E (MOL-07E) Gaudinio fragilis-Hordeion bulbosi Galán de Mera et al. 1997

Humid meadows on sandy soils along the Western Mediterranean coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gaudinio fragilis-Hordeion bulbosi Galán de Mera et al. 1997

Synonyms

CM07F (MOL-07F) Brachypodio sylvatici-Holoschoenion romani Gradstein et Smittenberg 1977

Riparian and spring-marsh wet grasslands at mid-altitudes of Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodio sylvatici-Holoschoenion romani Gradstein et Smittenberg 1977

Synonyms

Remark

mol26 | The Caricetum creticae (Gradstein & Smittenberg 1977: Table, 5, relevés 1–4) is the holotypus of the Brachypodio sylvatici-Holoschoenion romani Gradstein et Smittenberg 1977. (L. Mucina).

CM08 (MOL-08) Filipendulo ulmariae-Lotetalia uliginosi Passarge 1975

Tall-herb wet meadow fringe vegetation on mineral soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Filipendulo ulmariae-Lotetalia uliginosi Passarge 1975

Synonyms

Remark

mol27 | The original name published by Passarge (1975) reads 'Ordnung: Filipendula-Lotus uliginosus-Feuchtwiesensaume'; the protologue is thus listing eponymous taxa and the rank is also clearly indicated. The diagnosis also contains the validly published Filipendulion Segal ex Westhoff et Den Held 1969 − hence the order is validly published for a name published before 1.1.1979 (ICPN art. 14). This order, together with the Convolvuletalia sepium (Epilobietea angustifolii), is sometimes placed within a class in its own right − the Filipendulo-Convolvuletea (see de Foucault 2011 and the literature cited therein). (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

CM08A (MOL-08A) Filipendulo-Petasition Br.-Bl. ex Duvigneaud 1949

Tall-herb fringe wet meadow vegetation on neutral and slightly basic mineral soils in the submontane and montane belts of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Filipendulo-Petasition Br.-Bl. ex Duvigneaud 1949

Synonyms

Remark

mol28 | Floristic differences between this alliance and the Calthion palustris are small and therefore both alliances should be merged. (M. Chytrý) These tall-forb communities, forming successional stages of abandoned wet grasslands, along ditches and forest-edge are structurally and ecologically so different from the managed grasslands of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea that they should be classified within the Filipendulo ulmariae-Lotetalia uliginosi and, together with the Petasito-Chaerophylletalia and the Convolvuletalia sepium, placed within a separate class of natural and semi-natural tall-forb communities of moist to wet habitats − the Filipendulo ulmariae-Convolvuletea sepium. Yet, currently there seems to be no valid name available for this class concept. (J. Dengler, J.-P. Theurillat).

CM08B (MOL-08B) Rumicion balcanici Lakušić ex D. Lakušić et al. 2015

Tall-herb fringe wet meadow vegetation on neutral and slightly basic mineral soils in the submontane and montane belts of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumicion balcanici Lakušić ex D. Lakušić et al. 2015

Synonyms

CM08C (MOL-08C) Veronico longifoliae-Lysimachion vulgaris (Passarge 1977) Bal.-Tul. 1981

Tall-herb fringe wet meadow vegetation on neutral and slightly basic mineral soils in the lowland and colline belts of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico longifoliae-Lysimachion vulgaris (Passarge 1977) Bal.-Tul. 1981

Synonyms

CM08D (MOL-08D) Filipendulion ulmariae Segal ex Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Tall-herb fringe wet meadow vegetation on acidic mineral soil of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Filipendulion ulmariae Segal ex Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Synonyms

CM08E (MOL-08E) Mentho longifoliae-Juncion inflexi T. Müller et Görs ex de Foucault 2009

Tall-herb temporarily flooded lightly-grazed nutrient-rich meadow fringes in riparian and alluvial habitats of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mentho longifoliae-Juncion inflexi T. Müller et Görs ex de Foucault 2009

Synonyms

CM09 (MOL-09) Althaeetalia officinalis Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Tall-herb periodically flooded meadows of the steppe and semi-desert zones of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Althaeetalia officinalis Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Synonyms

Remark

mol30 | The syntaxonomic identity of this order is doubtful. Description and diagnostic species suggest that this order can be largely identified with the Convolvuletalia sepium (Epilobietea angustifolii) and perhaps to a lesser extent with the Filipendulo-Petasition (Molinio-Arrhenatheretea). (J. Dengler, K. Dierssen, L. Mucina).

CM09A (MOL-09A) Althaeion officinalis Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Tall-herb periodically flooded meadows in the steppe zone of the Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Althaeion officinalis Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Synonyms

CM09B (MOL-09B) Euphorbion palustris Ageleulov et Golub in Golub 1995

Tall-herb periodically flooded meadows in the steppe zone of the Ural River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion palustris Ageleulov et Golub in Golub 1995

Synonyms

CM09C (MOL-09C) Lythro-Euphorbion Mirkin et Naumova 1986

Tall-herb periodically flooded alluvial meadows in the semi-desert zone of European Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lythro-Euphorbion Mirkin et Naumova 1986

Synonyms

CM10 (MOL-10) Potentillo-Polygonetalia avicularis Tx. 1947

Temporarily flooded and heavily grazed zoo-anthropogenic nutrient-rich meadows and pastures of the temperate and mediterranean regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillo-Polygonetalia avicularis Tx. 1947

Synonyms

Remark

mol31 | In some national vegetation systems, this syntaxonomic concept is more or less identical with the class in its own right − the Agrostietea stoloniferae (Oberdorfer 1983; de Foucault & Catteau 2012). (L. Mucina).

CM10A (MOL-10A) Potentillion anserinae Tx. 1947

Temporarily flooded and heavily grazed nutrient-rich pastures experiencing variable wet-dry or brackish-fresh alternating conditions of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillion anserinae Tx. 1947

Synonyms

CM10B (MOL-10B) Loto tenuis-Trifolion fragiferi Westhoff et Den Held ex de Foucault 2009

Temporarily flooded heavily grazed nutrient-rich grasslands and herblands on subsaline soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Loto tenuis-Trifolion fragiferi Westhoff et Den Held ex de Foucault 2009

Synonyms

CM10C (MOL-10C) Trifolion maritimi Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Temporarily flooded heavily grazed nutrient-rich grasslands and herblands on subsaline soils of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion maritimi Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

mol32 | This name (originally coined by J. Braun-Blanquet 1931) has been neglected for a long time despite having been validated by Braun-Blanquet et al. (1952: 121) since the protologue contains one validly described association − the 'Agropyreto-Trifolietum maritimi Br.-Bl. 1931' (validly published in Braun-Blanquet et al. 1952: see the synoptic table therein). (L. Mucina).

CN (SAB) Junipero-Pinetea sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1965 nom. invers. propos.

Relict oromediterranean and submediterranean orotemperate dry pine forests, juniper woods and related scrub of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Junipero-Pinetea sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1965 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sab01 | This proposal was suggested in Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002a), following the ICPN art. 10b. Although not approved by the Nomenclatural Commission yet, we prefer to use the inverted form as it is clear that Pinus sylvestris is the dominating element; nowadays the concept of this class is used for woodland communities. The addition of the specific epithet 'sabina' is, however, prohibited because there are two species of Juniperus occur in the original diagnosis (J. sabina, J. nana) and hence ICPN art. 40a applies. (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

CN01 (SAB-01) Junipero-Pinetalia sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1965 nom. invers. propos.

Relict supramediterranean and submediterranean orotemperate dry pine and juniper woods of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Junipero-Pinetalia sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1965 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sab04 | See Remark sab01. (L. Mucina).

CN01A (SAB-01A) Junipero-Pinion sylvestris Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961 nom. invers. propos.

Calcicolous supra-oromediterranean oroiberian and submediterranean montane pine forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Junipero-Pinion sylvestris Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sab05 | The inversion of the original name 'Pino-Juniperion sabinae' was suggested in Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002a), following the ICPN art. 10b. Although not approved by the Nomenclatural Commission yet, we prefer to use the inverted form. The epithet 'sylvestris' is added according to ICPN Rec. 10C. (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

CN01B (SAB-01B) Juniperion thuriferae Rivas-Mart. 1969

Calcicolous meso-supramediterranean oroiberian and submediterranean montane juniper woodlands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion thuriferae Rivas-Mart. 1969

Synonyms

CN01C (SAB-01C) Junipero hemisphaericae-Pinion sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1983

Pyreneo-Catalonian montane and subalpine mesophilous pine forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Junipero hemisphaericae-Pinion sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1983

Synonyms

CN01D (SAB-01D) Avenello ibericae-Pinion ibericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Supramediterranean and submediterranean montane dry pine forests of the Central Iberian and Cantabrian mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Avenello ibericae-Pinion ibericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

CN02 (SAB-02) Juniperetalia hemisphaericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Relict submediterranean and supra-mediterranean dry scrub of Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperetalia hemisphaericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

Remark

sab06 | This syntaxonomic concept could be considered as a class in its own right as based on the same principle as much as the Rhamno-Prunetea should be considered different from the Carpino-Fagetea and the Cetrario-Loiseleurietea from the Vaccinio-Piceetea. (L. Mucina).

CN02A (SAB-02A) Cytision oromediterranei Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. 1987

Silicicolous orotemperate, mainly submediterranean dry juniper scrub of the Central Iberian and Cantabrian mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytision oromediterranei Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. 1987

Synonyms

Remark

sab07 | For the arguments underpinning this name correction see Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 474). (L. Mucina).

CN02B (SAB-02B) Genisto versicoloris-Juniperion hemisphaericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Silicicolous oromediterranean dry juniper scrub of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genisto versicoloris-Juniperion hemisphaericae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

CN02C (SAB-02C) Pruno prostratae-Juniperion sabinae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Calcicolous supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate submediterranean dry juniper scrub of the Central Iberian and Cantabrian mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pruno prostratae-Juniperion sabinae Rivas-Mart. et J.A. Molina in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

CN03 (SAB-03) Berberido creticae-Juniperetalia excelsae Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Relict submediterranean supramediterranean dry pine forests and juniper woods of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Berberido creticae-Juniperetalia excelsae Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

sab08 | This new order (Berberido creticae-Juniperetalia excelsae) is the Central and Eastern Mediterranean geographic analogue of the Western Mediterranean Pino sylvestris-Juniperetalia sabinae Rivas-Mart. 1965. It comprises a series of open-woodland alliances with sparse scrub undergrowth, distributed from the Tyrrhenian islands of Corsica and Sardinia as far east as Cyprus and Middle East. The Juniperion excelso-foetidissimae (Matevski et al. 2010: 162) is the holotypus (hoc loco) of the order. Berberis aetnensis, Juniperus excelsa, J. foetidissima, Lactuca cyprica and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio are the character taxa of the order. (L. Mucina).

CN03A (SAB-03A) Berberido aetnensis-Pinion laricionis (S. Brullo et al. 2001) Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2016

Acidophilous dry pine forests in the supra-mediterranean belt of Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Calabria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Berberido aetnensis-Pinion laricionis (S. Brullo et al. 2001) Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

sab09 | The introduction of the nomen novum appears necessary in order to introduce a valid name for this syntaxonomic concept since the available name 'Berberidion aetnensis S. Brullo et al. 2001' is illegitimate (ICPN art. 29). The nomen novum is introduced for the ‘Berberidion aetnensis S. Brullo et al. 2001’ (see Remark sab10). (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

CN03B (SAB-03B) Juniperion excelso-foetidissimae Em ex Matevski et al. 2010

Submediterranean montane tall juniper woods on shallow soils over limestone, schist and ultramafic substrates of the south-central Balkans and the Hellenic mainland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion excelso-foetidissimae Em ex Matevski et al. 2010

Synonyms

CN03C (SAB-03C) Jasmino-Juniperion excelsae Didukh, Vakarenko et Shelyag-Sosonko ex Didukh 1996

Crimean submediterranean montane open dry juniper woods

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Jasmino-Juniperion excelsae Didukh, Vakarenko et Shelyag-Sosonko ex Didukh 1996

Synonyms

Remark

sab11 | Didukh (1996) classified this alliance within the Quercetea pubescentis. However, the synoptic table in the latter paper (Table 1 on pages 68−71) does not support his conclusion. The Jasmino-Juniperion excelsae are relict woods showing strong mediterranean influence. (L. Mucina).

CN03D (SAB-03D) Berberido creticae-Juniperion foetidissimae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Silicicolous montane pine and juniper woods and related scrub of continental Hellas, Cyprus, Anatolia and Lebanon

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Berberido creticae-Juniperion foetidissimae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

Remark

sab12 | Brullo et al. (2001b) included here those coniferous forests considered as an eastern geographic analogon of the 'Berberidion aetnensis' (recte: Berberido aetnensis-Pinion laricionis, see above). Although most of the relevés in the diagnosis of the type association (Sorbo orbiculatae-Juniperetum foetidissimae Barbero et Quézel ex Brullo et al. 2001) are dominated by Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (cover category 4 or 5 in the Braun-Blanquet sampling scale), the name can nevertheless be considered as validly published because its type relevé is dominated more by Juniperus foetidissima and Sorbus umbellata var. orbiculata (both cover category 4) rather than by Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (cover category 2). (J.-P. Theurillat).

CO (ERI) Erico-Pinetea Horvat 1959

Relict pine forests and related scrub on calcareous and ultramafic substrates of the Balkans, the Alps, the Carpathians and Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico-Pinetea Horvat 1959

Synonyms

CO01 (ERI-01) Erico-Pinetalia Horvat 1959 nom. conserv. propos.

Montane calcareous relict pine forests of the Balkans, the Apennines, the Alps and Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico-Pinetalia Horvat 1959 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

eri01 | The formal conservation of this name was proposed in Willner & Grabherr (2007: 235). (L. Mucina).

CO01A (ERI-01A) Erico carneae-Pinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. invers. propos.

Relict Pinus sylvestris forests on calcareous substrates of the Alps, the Hercynicum and the Massif Central

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico carneae-Pinion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

eri03 | The inversion of the name was proposed in Willner & Grabherr (2007: 235; see also Šilc & Čarni 2012: 158). (L. Mucina).

CO01B (ERI-01B) Pulsatillo slavicae-Pinion Fajmonová 1978

Relict Pinus sylvestris forests on calcareous substrates of the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pulsatillo slavicae-Pinion Fajmonová 1978

Synonyms

CO01C (ERI-01C) Seslerio rigidae-Pinion Coldea ex Mucina et Čarni in Mucina et al. 2016

Relict Pinus sylvestris forests on calcareous substrates of the Eastern and Southern Carpathians and the Central and Eastern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerio rigidae-Pinion Coldea ex Mucina et Čarni in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

eri04 | validation of the Seslerio-Pinion comes here.

CO01D (ERI-01D) Erico carneae-Piceion omorikae Mucina et Čarni in Mucina et al. 2016

Relict Picea omorika forests on calcareous substrates of the Central and Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico carneae-Piceion omorikae Mucina et Čarni in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

eri05 | new remark comes here.

CO01E (ERI-01E) Fraxino orni-Pinion nigrae Em 1978

Relic Pinus nigra forests on calcareous substrates of the Central and Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fraxino orni-Pinion nigrae Em 1978

Synonyms

CO01F (ERI-01F) Erico-Fraxinion orni Horvat 1959 nom. invers. propos.

Relict Pinus nigra forests on dolomite and ultramafic substrates of the Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico-Fraxinion orni Horvat 1959 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

eri06 | The proposed inversion follows from application of ICPN art. 10b. (J. Dengler).

CO01G (ERI-01G) Chamaecytiso hirsuti-Pinion pallasianae Barbero et Quézel 1976 nom. invers. propos.

Relict Pinus nigra forests on calcareous, dolomitic and ophiolithic rocky slopes of the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chamaecytiso hirsuti-Pinion pallasianae Barbero et Quézel 1976 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

CO01H (ERI-01H) Pinion heldreichii Horvat 1946

Relic Pinus heldreichii forests on calcareous and ultramafic substrates of the Southern Balkans and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinion heldreichii Horvat 1946

Synonyms

CO02 (ERI-02) Pinetalia pallasianae-kochianae Korzhenevsky 1998

Relict Pinus sylvestris forests on calcareous substrates of southeastern Ukraine and Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinetalia pallasianae-kochianae Korzhenevsky 1998

Synonyms

CO02A (ERI-02A) Pinion pallasianae Korzhenevsky 1998

Relict Pinus sylvestris forests on Jurassic limestones of Southern Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinion pallasianae Korzhenevsky 1998

Synonyms

CO02B (ERI-02B) Libanotido intermediae-Pinion sylvestris Didukh 2003

Relict Pinus sylvestris forests on Cretaceous marls in steep river valleys of southeastern Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Libanotido intermediae-Pinion sylvestris Didukh 2003

Synonyms

CP (MUG) Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995

Pine krummholz in the subalpine belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995

Synonyms

Remark

mug01 | In order to accommodate krummholz scrub dominated by Pinus mugo (typical of the subalpine belt of the central and south European nemoral mountain ranges) and motivated by the structural differences between the krummholz scrub and boreal forests, Theurillat et al. (1995: 228) described the Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo (containing the Junipero-Pinetalia mugo Boşcaiu 1971). (LM) The Roso-Pinetea has been recently accepted also for the Carpathian (Šibík et al. 2005, 2008) and the Balkan (Redžić 2007) vegetation. (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina) An alternative suggestion is to accommodate this syntaxonomic content of this unit within the Loiseleurio-Vaccinietea. (N. Ermakov).

CP01 (MUG-01) Junipero-Pinetalia mugo Boşcaiu 1971

Pine krummholz in the subalpine belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Junipero-Pinetalia mugo Boşcaiu 1971

Synonyms

CP01A (MUG-01A) Pinion mugo Pawłowski et al. 1928

Subalpine silicicolous pine krummholz of the Alps, the Carpathians and the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinion mugo Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

CP01B (MUG-01B) Erico-Pinion mugo Leibundgut 1948

Subalpine calcicolous pine krummholz of the Central and Eastern Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico-Pinion mugo Leibundgut 1948

Synonyms

CP01C (MUG-01C) Epipactido atropurpureae-Pinion mugo Stanisci 1997

Subalpine calcicolous pine krummholz of the Central Apennines and the Southern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epipactido atropurpureae-Pinion mugo Stanisci 1997

Synonyms

CP01D (MUG-01D) Lonicero borbasianae-Pinion mugo Čarni et Mucina 2015 nom. inval. (3b, 3j)

Subalpine calcicolous pine krummholz of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero borbasianae-Pinion mugo Čarni et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

CQ (RHO) Rhododendro hirsuti-Ericetea carneae Schubert et al. 2001

Supramontane to subalpine low heath on calcareous skeletal soils, rocky outcrops, lapiés and boulders of the Alps, the Apennines and the Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro hirsuti-Ericetea carneae Schubert et al. 2001

Synonyms

CQ01 (RHO-01) Rhododendro hirsuti-Ericetalia carneae Grabherr et al. 1993

Supramontane to subalpine low heath on calcareous skeletal soils, rocky outcrops, lapiés and boulders of the Alps, the Apennines and the Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro hirsuti-Ericetalia carneae Grabherr et al. 1993

Synonyms

CQ01A (RHO-01A) Ericion carneae Rübel ex Grabherr et al. 1993

Subalpine and alpine low heath on rocky calcareous soils, outcrops, lapiés and boulder fields of the Alps, the Apennines and the Northern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ericion carneae Rübel ex Grabherr et al. 1993

Synonyms

CQ01B (RHO-01B) Aquilegio nigricantis-Rhododendrion hirsuti Čarni et Mucina 2015

Subalpine heath on rocky calcareous soils of the Central Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aquilegio nigricantis-Rhododendrion hirsuti Čarni et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

CQ01C (RHO-01C) Daphno blagayanae-Genistion radiatae N. Ranđelović, Rexhepi et Jovanović ex Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2016

Relic supramontane to subalpine low heath on ultramafic and calcareous substrates of the Southern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Daphno blagayanae-Genistion radiatae N. Ranđelović, Rexhepi et Jovanović ex Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

rho01 | The name 'Daphno-Genistion radiatae' was not validly published in Ranđelović & Rexhepi (1980) because the unique association listed for the alliance, the 'Daphno-genistetum radiatae Ranđelović, Rexhepi et Jovanović 1979', was not validly published due to failure to designate the type relevé (ICPN art. 5). Therefore, the names of the association and the alliance are validated here. Daphno blagayanae-Genistetum radiatae Ranđelović, Rexhepi et Jovanović ex Mucina et Theurillat ass. nov. hoc loco; holotypus hoc loco: relevé 3 in Table 11 in Ranđelović et al. (1979: 992−993). Daphno blagayanae-Genistion radiatae Ranđelović, Rexhepi et Jovanović ex Mucina et Theurillat all. nov. hoc loco; holotypus hoc loco: Daphno oleoidis-Genistetum radiatae Ranđelović, Rexhepi et Jovanović ex Mucina et Theurillat ass. nov. hoc loco; the character species of the alliance are Genista radiata and Daphne blagayana. (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

CR (VIR) Betulo carpaticae-Alnetea viridis Rejmánek ex Bœuf, Theurillat, Willner, Mucina et Simler in Bœuf et al. 2014

Subalpine and subarctic herb-rich alder and willow scrub and krummholz of the Alps, the Carpathians, the Hercynicum, the Balkans, the Caucasus, Northern Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Betulo carpaticae-Alnetea viridis Rejmánek ex Bœuf, Theurillat, Willner, Mucina et Simler in Bœuf et al. 2014

Synonyms

Remark

vir01 | We follow Huml et al. (1979) and several national and regional vegetation surveys (Julve 1993; Theurillat et al. 1995; Rivas-Martínez et al. 2002b; Bardat et al. 2004; Bœuf et al. 2014) that pursued separation of the Alnetalia viridis (tall-herb rich subalpine scrub and krummholz as a class in its own right − the Betulo carpaticae-Alnetea viridis. (L. Mucina).

CR01 (VIR-01) Alnetalia viridis Rübel ex Karner et Willner in Willner et Grabherr 2007

Subalpine herb-rich alder and willow scrub and krummholz of the Alps, the Balkans and the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alnetalia viridis Rübel ex Karner et Willner in Willner et Grabherr 2007

Synonyms

CR01A (VIR-01A) Alnion viridis Schnyder 1930

Subalpine green alder scrub on fertile soils of the Alps and the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alnion viridis Schnyder 1930

Synonyms

CR01B (VIR-01B) Salicion pentandrae Br.-Bl. 1967

Subalpine calcicolous willow krummholz of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion pentandrae Br.-Bl. 1967

Synonyms

CR01C (VIR-01C) Salicion helveticae Rübel ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995

Subalpine silicicolous willow krummholz of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion helveticae Rübel ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995

Synonyms

CR01D (VIR-01D) Salicion silesiacae Rejmánek et al. 1971

Subalpine willow scrub on fertile soils of the Western Carpathians and Eastern Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion silesiacae Rejmánek et al. 1971

Synonyms

CR01E (VIR-01E) Pruno petraeae-Sorbion aucupariae Rameau ex Seytre et Bœuf in Bœuf 2011

Subalpine mesic silicicolous scrub of the Massif Central, Vosges and Schwarzwald

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pruno petraeae-Sorbion aucupariae Rameau ex Seytre et Bœuf in Bœuf 2011

Synonyms

CR02 (VIR-02) Rhamnetalia fallacis P. Fukarek 1969

Relict deciduous scrub in the montane and subalpine belts of the Southern Alps, Dinarides and Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhamnetalia fallacis P. Fukarek 1969

Synonyms

Remark

vir02 | Classification of these units within the 'Querco-Fagetea' as suggested for instance by Trinajstić (2008: 106) is hardly acceptable. (L. Mucina).

CR02A (VIR-02A) Seslerio calcariae-Rhamnion fallacis Dakskobler et al. 2013

Relict deciduous scrub in the montane and subalpine belts of the Southern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerio calcariae-Rhamnion fallacis Dakskobler et al. 2013

Synonyms

CR02B (VIR-02B) Lonicero-Rhamnion fallacis P. Fukarek 1969

Relict deciduous scrub in the supramontane and subalpine belts of the Dinarides and Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lonicero-Rhamnion fallacis P. Fukarek 1969

Synonyms

CR03 (VIR-03) Salicetalia glauco-lanatae Bœuf et al. ex Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Subarctic and boreal herb-rich willow scrub and birch krummholz of the Holarctic

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetalia glauco-lanatae Bœuf et al. ex Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

vir03 | Here we validate this invalidly described (Bœuf et al. 2014: 116, 118) syntaxonomic concept by selecting the Salicion callicarpeae Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016 (see Remark vir04 below) as the holotypus hoc loco. The following taxa are to be considered diagnostic of the new order: Alnus alaxensis, Betula pubescens var. pumila, Salix alaxensis, S. glauca, S. lanata, S. lapponum, S. myrsinithes, S. phylicifolia, S. pulchra and Sorbus groenlandica. (L. Mucina, F. Daniëls).

CR03A (VIR-03A) Salicion phylicifoliae Dierssen 1992

Willow scrub of montane stream banks in the boreal and subarctic zones of Northern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion phylicifoliae Dierssen 1992

Synonyms

CR03B (VIR-03B) Salicion callicarpeae Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Low Arctic herb-rich willow scrub and krummholz of Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion callicarpeae Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

vir04 | This new alliance comprises thickets and low shrub vegetation of willows in the lowlands of subarctic and low-arctic Greenland characterised by (sub)oceanic climate, confined to wind-sheltered, relatively warm and sunny sites on level ground and footslopes, and supported by sandy-gravelly, acidic, dry or temporary moist, mineral soil. The holotypus (hoc loco) of this alliance is the Festuco-Salicetum callicarpaeae Daniëls 1982 (Daniëls 1982: 31 et seq.). I consider the name Salicion callicarpeae as more appropriate than the earlier, invalidly published Pyrolo grandiflorae-Salicion callicarpeae (Daniëls in Bœuf et al. 2014: 116). The diagnostic taxa of the alliance are: Alchemilla glomerulans, Anemone richardsonii, Bistorta vivipara, Campanula rotundifolia, Carex bigelowii subsp. bigelowii, Cerastium alpinum, Epilobium angustifolium, Festuca rubra, Gnaphalium norvegicum, Hieracium hyparcticoides, H. laevigatum, H. lividorubens, Lycopodium annotinum, Orthilia secunda, Pyrola minor, Ranunculus acris, Salix glauca subsp. callicarpaea and Stellaria calycantha. (F. Daniëls).

CR03C (VIR-03C) Geranio sylvatici-Betulion pumilae Mucina et Willner ined.

Subalpine and boreo-maritime birch scrub and krummholz of Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranio sylvatici-Betulion pumilae Mucina et Willner ined.

Synonyms

Remark

vir05 | The formal description of this unit will be handled elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

CR04 (VIR-04) Rhododendro caucasici-Betuletalia litwinowii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Subalpine birch krummholz of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro caucasici-Betuletalia litwinowii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

vir06 | The formal description of this unit will be handled elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

CR04A (VIR-04A) Rhododendro caucasici-Betulion litwinowii Onipchenko 2002

Subalpine birch krummholz of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro caucasici-Betulion litwinowii Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

CS (MUL) Mulgedio-Aconitetea Hadač et Klika in Klika et Hadač 1944

Tall-herb vegetation in nutrient-rich habitats moistened and fertilised by percolating water at high altitudes of Europe, Siberia and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mulgedio-Aconitetea Hadač et Klika in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

Remark

mul01 | This class concept encompasses tall-herb communities of eutrophic habitats and excludes herb-rich low scrub, here classified within the Betulo carpaticae-Alnetea viridis. (L. Mucina).

CS01 (MUL-01) Adenostyletalia alliariae Br.-Bl. 1930

Tall-herb vegetation on fertile soils at high altitudes of temperate and mediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adenostyletalia alliariae Br.-Bl. 1930

Synonyms

CS01A (MUL-01A) Adenostylion alliariae Br.-Bl. 1926 nom. conserv. propos.

Tall-herb vegetation on siliceous substrates at high altitudes in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adenostylion alliariae Br.-Bl. 1926 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

mul02 | The name Adenostylion alliariae (sensu Zlatník 1925) cannot apply here, because in the original diagnosis Zlatník (l.c.) it included two associations, the Athyrietum alpestris and the Calamagrostietum arundinaceae. Therefore the name Adenostylion alliariae Zlatník 1925 could be applied as the oldest name of either the Calamagrostion arundinaceae or the Dryopterido-Athyrion. For the sake of nomenclatural stability, we suggest rejecting the Adenostylion alliariae Zlatník 1925 as a nomen ambiguum. In this regard the suggestion to preserve the Adenostylion alliariae Br.-Bl. 1926 as nomen conservandum was already made by Kočí in Chytrý (2007: 115). (K. Dierssen, M. Chytrý, L. Mucina).

CS01B (MUL-01B) Dryopterido filicis-maris-Athyrion distentifolii (Holub ex Sýkora et Štursa 1973) Jeník et al. 1980

Fern-rich vegetation on fertile soils at high altitudes of the Alps, Carpathians, Hercynicum and Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dryopterido filicis-maris-Athyrion distentifolii (Holub ex Sýkora et Štursa 1973) Jeník et al. 1980

Synonyms

Remark

mul04 | Kliment et al. (2004) failed to establish the identity of this alliance in the Carpathians, while Kočí in Chytrý (2007: 126−127, citing numerous other sources) considers this unit as an alliance in its own right. (L. Mucina).

CS01C (MUL-01C) Delphinion elati Hadač in Hadač et al. 1969

Submontane to subalpine calcicolous tall-herb vegetation of the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Delphinion elati Hadač in Hadač et al. 1969

Synonyms

Remark

mul05 | Considering the silicicolous Adenostylenion alliariae and the calcicolous Delphinenion elati as two suballiances within the Adenostylion (e.g. Jarolímek & Šibík 2008) is not convincing on both floristic (see Tab. 6 in Kliment & Valachovič 2007) as well as ecological grounds, and therefore suggests retaining the Adenostylion alliariae and the Delphinion elati as alliances in their own right. (L. Mucina).

CS01D (MUL-01D) Cirsion flavispinae Quézel 1953

Tall-herb vegetation on fertile soils at high altitudes of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsion flavispinae Quézel 1953

Synonyms

CS01E (MUL-01E) Doronicion corsici Gamisans 1975

Tall-herb vegetation in the supramediterranean and oromediterranean belts of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Doronicion corsici Gamisans 1975

Synonyms

CS01F (MUL-01F) Cirsion appendiculati Horvat et al. 1937

Tall-herb vegetation on acidic soils along mountain streams and water springs at high altitudes of the Eastern and Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsion appendiculati Horvat et al. 1937

Synonyms

CS02 (MUL-02) Calamagrostietalia villosae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Tall-grass and herb-rich vegetation on acidic and deep leached calcareous soils of the Alps, Carpathians and Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostietalia villosae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

CS02A (MUL-02A) Calamagrostion villosae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Tall-herb and herb-rich vegetation on acidic and deep leached soils in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Alps, Carpathians and Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostion villosae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

CS02B (MUL-02B) Trisetion fusci Krajina 1933

Tall-grass and herb-rich vegetation on alluvial acidic soils along alpine streams of the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trisetion fusci Krajina 1933

Synonyms

CS02C (MUL-02C) Calamagrostion arundinaceae (Luquet 1926) Oberd. 1957

Tall-grass and herb-rich vegetation on dry acidic soils in the upper montane and subalpine belts of the mountain ranges of suboceanic Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostion arundinaceae (Luquet 1926) Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

CS03 (MUL-03) Petasito-Chaerophylletalia Morariu 1967

Tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-rich soils along mountain streams of Central Europe, the Balkans and the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petasito-Chaerophylletalia Morariu 1967

Synonyms

CS03A (MUL-03A) Petasition officinalis Sillinger 1933

Tall-herb vegetation on raw alluvia of streams in the upper colline to supramontane belts of the Carpathians and the Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petasition officinalis Sillinger 1933

Synonyms

Remark

mul06 | The type association of the Petasition officinalis Sillinger 1933 (Kliment & Jarolímek 2002: 107) is the relevé 1 on page 134 in Sillinger (1933). According to Michl et al. (2010) this type relevé can clearly be assigned to the lowland tall-herb communities due to the prevalence of many diagnostic species of the Artemisietea vulgaris and Filipendulo-Calystegietea (Aegopodium podagraria, Anthriscus sylvestris, Filipendula ulmaria, Galium aparine, Petasites hybridus). It is for this reason that Michl et al. (2010) suggested classifying the Petasition officinalis Sillinger 1933 within the Filipendulo-Calystegietea. (L. Mucina).

CS03B (MUL-03B) Arunco-Petasition albi Br.-Bl. et Sutter 1977

Tall-herb vegetation on skeletal nutrient-rich soils on steep slopes in the montane and supramontane belts of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arunco-Petasition albi Br.-Bl. et Sutter 1977

Synonyms

CS03C (MUL-03C) Senecionion samniti Bonin 1978

Tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-rich alluvia along mountain streams of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Senecionion samniti Bonin 1978

Synonyms

CS04 (MUL-04) Senecioni rupestris-Rumicetalia alpini Mucina et Karner in Mucina et al. 2016

Tall-herb anthropogenic vegetation on nutrient-rich soils in the upper montane to alpine belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Senecioni rupestris-Rumicetalia alpini Mucina et Karner in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

mul08 | Mucina & Karner (1993) invalidly published the name Rumicetalia alpini, because there was no ‘unambiguous reference made to the source of the type alliance – the ‘Rumicion alpini Klika in Klika et Hadač 1944’. Moreover, in Klika & Hadač (1944) an unambiguous reference to the only element (‘Rumicetum alpini carpaticum Szaf.-Pawl.-Kulcz. 1935’) is also missing since the latter authors failed to provide a reference to ‘Szaf.-Pawl.-Kulcz. 1935’; thus, the Rumicion alpini Klika in Klika et Hadač is invalid (ICPN art. 8). In order to avoid further confusion, I coin here a new name – the Senecioni rupestris-Rumicetalia alpini and selected the Rumicion alpini Rübel ex Scharfetter 1938 (Scharfetter 1938: 261–262) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the order. The diagnostic taxa of the Senecioni rupestris-Rumicetalia alpini are: Alchemilla glabra, Cirsium spinosissimum, Gagea fistulosa, Rumex alpinus, Veratrum album subsp. album, V. album subsp. lobelianum, Verbascum longifolium. (L. Mucina).

CS04A (MUL-04A) Rumicion alpini Scharfetter 1938

Tall-herb anthropogenic vegetation on nutrient-rich soils in the upper montane to alpine belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumicion alpini Scharfetter 1938

Synonyms

CS05 (MUL-05) Epilobio lactiflori-Geranietalia sylvatici Michl et al. 2010

Tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-rich soils in the montane to alpine belts of Fennoscandia, the Arctic Ocean islands and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epilobio lactiflori-Geranietalia sylvatici Michl et al. 2010

Synonyms

CS05A (MUL-05A) Mulgedion alpini Nordhagen 1943

Tall-herb vegetation on nutrient-rich soils in the montane to alpine belts of Fennoscandia and the Arctic Ocean islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mulgedion alpini Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

CS06 (MUL-06) Schulzio crinitae-Aquilegietalia glandulosae Ermakov et al. 2000

Tall-forb vegetation on moist, seasonally frozen soils at high altitudes in the boreal zone of the Northern Urals and in the subarctic zone of northwestern Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Schulzio crinitae-Aquilegietalia glandulosae Ermakov et al. 2000

Synonyms

CS06A (MUL-06A) Polemonio acutiflori-Veratrion lobeliani Telyatnikov et Prystyazhnyuk 2012

Tall-forb vegetation on moist, seasonally frozen soils of the subarctic foothills of the European part of the Northern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polemonio acutiflori-Veratrion lobeliani Telyatnikov 2012

Synonyms

CS07 (MUL-07) Trollio-Crepidetalia sibiricae Guinochet ex Chytrý et al. 1993

Tall-forb vegetation on fertile soils in the montane to subalpine belts in the boreal zone of the Urals and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trollio-Crepidetalia sibiricae Guinochet ex Chytrý et al. 1993

Synonyms

CS07A (MUL-07A) Triseto sibirici-Aconition septentrionalis Ermakov et al. 2000

Tall-forb vegetation on fertile soils in the montane to subalpine belts in the boreal zone of the Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Triseto sibirici-Aconition septentrionalis Ermakov et al. 2000

Synonyms

CT (TRI) Juncetea trifidi Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Acidophilous grasslands in the alpine belt of the nemoral zone of Europe, the Caucasus and in the boreo-arctic and arctic zones of Northern Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncetea trifidi Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

Remark

tri01 | The protologue of the class is based on syntaxa nowadays included into several classes, such as the Loiseleurio-Vaccinietea, Thlaspietea rotundifolii and Salicetea herbaceae. The proposal to reject the name of this class as a nomen ambiguum was presented in Grabherr & Mucina (1993: 344; see also Theurillat 1997 and Kliment & Valachovič 2007: 326). (L. Mucina) Some authors of this paper (M. Chytrý, L. Mucina) do not consider the latter proposal qualifying this name as a nomen ambiguum as justified because it has probably never been applied in a false sense that would exclude elements of the original diagnosis.

CT01 (TRI-01) Juncetalia trifidi Daniëls 1994

Arctic and boreo-arctic rush swards on siliceous substrates of Northern Europe, Svalbard, Iceland, Greenland and as glacial relict at high altitudes of the Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncetalia trifidi Daniëls 1994

Synonyms

CT01A (TRI-01A) Carici-Juncion trifidi Nordhagen 1943

Arctic and boreo-arctic rush swards on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia, Svalbard and Iceland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici-Juncion trifidi Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

CT01B (TRI-01B) Nardo-Caricion rigidae Nordhagen 1943

Moderately chionophilous siliceous mat-grass swards of Scandinavia and as relicts in the Hercynian mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardo-Caricion rigidae Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

Remark

tri03 | This alliance should be classified within the Salicetalia herbaceae. (F. Daniëls) Koroleva (1999) has, however, documented a stark difference between the Nardo-Caricion bigelowii and Cassiopo-Salicion herbaceae. (L. Mucina).

CT01C (TRI-01C) Cladonio-Viscarion alpinae Daniëls 1982

Moderately chionophilous siliceous graminoid-lichen grasslands on niveo-aeolian soils of the Low Arctic regions of Scandinavia and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladonio-Viscarion alpinae Daniëls 1982

Synonyms

CT01D (TRI-01D) Lagotido uralensis-Caricion ensifoliae Chytrý et Mucina in Chytrý et al. 2015

Silicicolous alpine grasslands of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lagotido uralensis-Caricion ensifoliae Chytrý et Mucina in Chytrý et al. 2015

Synonyms

CT02 (TRI-02) Caricetalia curvulae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Alpine and subalpine silicicolous swards of the mountain ranges in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricetalia curvulae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

CT02A (TRI-02A) Caricion curvulae Br.-Bl. 1925

Alpine sedge swards on siliceous substrates of the Alps, and the Eastern and Southern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion curvulae Br.-Bl. 1925

Synonyms

CT02B (TRI-02B) Juncion trifidi Krajina 1933

Alpine rush swards on siliceous substrates of the Western Carpathians and the northern ranges of the Eastern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncion trifidi Krajina 1933

Synonyms

CT02C (TRI-02C) Festucion supinae Br.-Bl. 1948

Alpine chionophobous tussock grasslands on cryoturbated siliceous substrates of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion supinae Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

CT02D (TRI-02D) Anemonion speciosae Minaeva ex Onipchenko 2002

Alpine swards on siliceous substrates of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anemonion speciosae Minaeva ex Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

CT03 (TRI-03) Festucetalia spadiceae Barbero 1970

Subalpine and alpine acidophilous species-rich grasslands of the Alps, the Carpathians and the Northern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucetalia spadiceae Barbero 1970

Synonyms

CT03A (TRI-03A) Carici macrostylae-Nardion (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984) de Foucault 1994

Mat-grass chionophilous swards at high altitudes of the Pyrenees and the Cantabrian Mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici macrostylidi-Nardion (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984) de Foucault 1994

Synonyms

CT03B (TRI-03B) Nardion strictae Br.-Bl. 1926

Mat-grass chionophilous swards in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Alps, the Carpathians and the Northern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardion strictae Br.-Bl. 1926

Synonyms

Remark

tri06 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 303) prefer classifying this unit within the Nardetalia. (L. Mucina).

CT03C (TRI-03C) Potentillo ternatae-Nardion Simon 1958

Oligotrophic mat-grass swards of mountain ranges of the southern and central regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillo ternatae-Nardion Simon 1958

Synonyms

CT03D (TRI-03D) Festucion variae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet 1938

Tussock grasslands on decalcified soils at high altitudes of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion variae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet 1938

Synonyms

Remark

tri07 | The name 'Festucion variae J. Braun-Blanquet 1926' was validly published in Guinochet (1938) who also validly published two associations in the original diagnosis, such as the 'association à Festuca spadicea et Centaurea uniflora J. Braun-Blanquet 1926 nomen nudum M. Guinochet' and the 'association à Festuca varia subsp. eu-varia var. scabriculmis et Potentilla valderia M. Guinochet nov. ass.'. (J.-P. Theurillat).

CT03E (TRI-03E) Agrostion schraderianae Grabherr 1993

Open grasslands of disturbed avalanche tracks in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Eastern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostion schraderianae Grabherr 1993

Synonyms

CT03F (TRI-03F) Festucion eskiae Br.-Bl. 1948

Subalpine chionophilous tussock grasslands on decalcified oligotrophic substrates of the Pyrenees and the Cantabrian Mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion eskiae Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

CT04 (TRI-04) Gentianello columnae-Festucetalia italicae Di Pietro, Terzi et Fortini 2017

Subalpine and alpine acidophilous and chionophilous grasslands on leached soils of gullies and snow-beds, and on acidic nutrient-poor leached soils over calcareous and siliceous bedrocks the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gentianello columnae-Festucetalia italicae Di Pietro, Terzi, Fortini ined.

Synonyms

CT04A (TRI-04A) Festuco italicae-Nardion strictae Di Pietro, Terzi et Fortini ined.

Acidophilous chionophilous mat-grass swards on calcareous and siliceous substrates of the subalpine and alpine belts of the Central Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco italicae-Nardion strictae Di Pietro, Terzi et Fortini ined.

Synonyms

CT04B (TRI-04B) Ranunculo-Nardion strictae Bonin 1972

Acidophilous mat-grass chionophilous swards on leached calcareous substrates in the subalpine belt of the Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculo-Nardion strictae Bonin 1972

Synonyms

CT05 (TRI-05) Festucetalia woronowii Tsepkova 1987

Alpine acidophilous species-rich grasslands of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucetalia woronowii Tsepkova 1987

Synonyms

CT05A (TRI-05A) Festucion woronowii Tsepkova 1987

Alpine acidophilous species-rich grasslands of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion woronowii Tsepkova 1987

Synonyms

CT06 (TRI-06) Udo-Nardetalia Quézel 1953

Relict supra- to cryomediterranean mat-grass swards of the Iberian Peninsula and North African Atlas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Udo-Nardetalia Quézel 1953

Synonyms

Remark

tri12 | The inclusion of the oro-cryomediterranean zonal mat-grass communities occurring in the Sierra Nevada (e.g. Quézel 1953) and North African Atlas mountains as a suborder (Campanulo herminii-Nardenalia Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) within the Nardetalia strictae Preising 1950 (described to accommodate secondary and intensively grazed mat-grasslands of medium and low altitudes of Western and Central Europe) lacks convincing reasoning. The supra- to cryomediterranean Betic-African, endemic-rich mat grasslands are known as the Udo-Nardetalia (Quézel 1953, 1964; Krahulec 1985) and as such are of relict character and rich in endemics. They can also be considered as a biogeographic analogon of the Trifolietalia parnassi (Trifolio anatolicae-Polygonetea arenastri) known from the Hellenic mainland and from Anatolia. The classification of this order within the Festucetea indigestae (and redefinition of the latter as the geographic analogue of the Juncetea trifidi) is worth investigation. (L. Mucina) Contrary to the opinion of de Foucault (2012), the name Udo-Nardetalia is not illegitimate according to ICPN art. 34. Indeed, 'udo' is an ecological prefix (IPCN art. 12) based on the Latin word 'udus', which means 'saturated with water, humid, wet'. The name Udo-Nardetalia was coined for wet meadows dominated by Nardus stricta in the 'pozzines complex' − a perfectly fitting term, coined by de Litardière for Corsica according to Quézel (1953: 49). (J.-P. Theurillat).

CT06A (TRI-06A) Campanulo herminii-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964

Relict supra-oromediterranean mat-grass swards of the mountain ranges of the Central and Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campanulo herminii-Nardion strictae Rivas-Mart. 1964

Synonyms

CT06B (TRI-06B) Plantaginion thalackeri Quézel 1953

Relict oro-cryomediterranean hygrophilous and chionophilous mat-grass swards of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantaginion thalackeri Quézel 1953

Synonyms

CT07 (TRI-07) Seslerietalia comosae Simon 1958

Alpine and subalpine silicicolous grasslands of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerietalia comosae Simon 1958

Synonyms

CT07A (TRI-07A) Poion violaceae Horvat et al. 1937

Alpine and subalpine silicicolous grasslands on deep acidic soils in wind-sheltered habitats of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poion violaceae Horvat et al. 1937

Synonyms

Remark

tri14 | In the protologue of this alliance Horvat et al. (1937: 174, see footnote) suggested that this alliance was earlier described as the 'Festuceto-Poion violaceae' however these authors suggested a simplified name − the 'Poion violaceae'. However, the Festuco-Poion violaceae was invalidly described in Horvat (1937) and therefore the introduction of a nomen novum (ICPN art. 29) does not apply in this case. On the other hand, the Poion violaceae was clearly validly described by Horvat et al. (1937) since the only association (Festucetum validae Horvat et al. 1937) classified within the this alliance was a syntaxonomic concept carrying a valid name. (L. Mucina).

CT07B (TRI-07B) Seslerion comosae Horvat et al. 1937

Alpine and subalpine silicicolous grasslands on deep acidic soils in wind-exposed habitats of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion comosae Horvat et al. 1937

Synonyms

CT07C (TRI-07C) Campanulion albanicae Lakušić 1966

Subalpine grasslands on slightly acidic soils of Montenegro and Kosovo

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campanulion albanicae Lakušić 1966

Synonyms

CU (SES) Elyno-Seslerietea Br.-Bl. 1948

Alpine and subalpine calcicolous swards of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elyno-Seslerietea Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

CU01 (SES-01) Seslerietalia caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Alpine and subalpine calcicolous grasslands of the nemoral mountain ranges of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerietalia caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

CU01A (SES-01A) Seslerion caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Supramontane to alpine calcicolous subxerophilous blue-grass swards of the Central and Eastern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

CU01B (SES-01B) Caricion austroalpinae Sutter 1962

Supramontane to alpine calcicolous subxerophilous swards of the Southern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion austroalpinae Sutter 1962

Synonyms

CU01C (SES-01C) Caricion ferrugineae G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931

Supramontane to alpine calcicolous meso-hygrophilous sedge swards of the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion ferrugineae G. Br.-Bl. et Br.-Bl. in G. Br.-Bl. 1931

Synonyms

CU01D (SES-01D) Caricion firmae Gams 1936

Wind-exposed calcicolous sedge swards in the alpine belt of the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion firmae Gams 1936

Synonyms

CU01E (SES-01E) Astero alpini-Seslerion calcariae Hadač in Hadač et al. 1969 nom. invers. propos.

Alpine and subalpine calcicolous subxeric blue-grass swards of the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astero alpini-Seslerion calcariae Hadač in Hadač et al. 1969 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

ses06 | For the proposals published to this effect see Kliment et al. (2005), Kliment & Valachovič (2007: 163) and Jarolímek & Šibík (2008). This suggestion is motivated obviously by the dominant position of Sesleria caerulea (syn. S. calcaria) while Aster alpinus plays only a subordinate role. (L. Mucina).

CU01F (SES-01F) Seslerion tatrae Pawłowski 1935 corr. Klika 1955

Chionophilous calcicolous alpine grasslands of the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion tatrae Pawłowski 1935 corr. Klika 1955

Synonyms

CU01G (SES-01G) Festuco saxatilis-Seslerion bielzii (Pawłowski et Walas 1949) Coldea 1984

Chionophilous calcicolous alpine grasslands of the Southern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco saxatilis-Seslerion bielzii (Pawłowski et Walas 1949) Coldea 1984

Synonyms

CU01H (SES-01H) Primulion intricatae Br.-Bl. ex Vigo 1972

Chionophilous meso-hygrophilous calcicolous grasslands on nutrient-rich soils in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Primulion intricatae Br.-Bl. ex Vigo 1972

Synonyms

Remark

ses08 | Peyre & Font (2011) suggested classifying this alliance within the Carici-Kobresietea. (L. Mucina).

CU01I (SES-01I) Armerion cantabricae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Chionophilous subalpine and alpine calcicolous grasslands of the Cantabrian Mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion cantabricae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

CU02 (SES-02) Seslerietalia tenuifoliae Horvat 1930

Montane to alpine calcicolous tussock grasslands of the Northern Balkans and the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerietalia tenuifoliae Horvat 1930

Synonyms

CU02A (SES-02A) Seslerion tenuifoliae Horvat 1930

Montane and subalpine calcicolous blue-grass tussock grasslands of the Illyrian region and the Northern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion tenuifoliae Horvat 1930

Synonyms

CU02B (SES-02B) Seslerio juncifoliae-Caricion firmae Trinajstić 2005

Alpine calcicolous sedge swards in wind-exposed habitats in the alpine belt of the Illyrian region and the Northern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerio juncifoliae-Caricion firmae Trinajstić 2005

Synonyms

CU02C (SES-02C) Festucion pungentis Horvat 1930

Subalpine calcicolous tussock grasslands on steep terraced slopes of the Northern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion pungentis Horvat 1930

Synonyms

CU02D (SES-02D) Seslerion apenninae Furnari in Bruno et Furnari 1966

Subalpine and alpine calcicolous tussock grasslands in wind-exposed habitats of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion apenninae Furnari in Bruno et Furnari 1966

Synonyms

CU03 (SES-03) Onobrychido-Seslerietalia Horvat 1960

Alpine and subalpine calcicolous tussock grasslands of the central and southern regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onobrychido-Seslerietalia Horvat 1960

Synonyms

CU03A (SES-03A) Oxytropidion dinaricae Lakušić 1966

Alpine tussock grasslands on limestone of the southwestern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxytropidion dinaricae Lakušić 1966

Synonyms

CU03B (SES-03B) Anthyllido-Seslerion klasterskyi Simon 1958

Alpine tussock grasslands on limestone in mountains of the southern and central regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthyllido-Seslerion klasterskyi Simon 1958

Synonyms

CU03C (SES-03C) Seslerio-Festucion xanthinae Horvat in Horvat et al. 1974

Subalpine fescue grasslands on shallow skeletal soils over limestone of Eastern Serbia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerio-Festucion xanthinae Horvat in Horvat et al. 1974

Synonyms

CU03D (SES-03D) Festuco-Knaution longifoliae Jovanović-Dunjić 1955

Subalpine calcareous tussock grasslands on slightly acidic leached soils over limestone of Eastern Serbia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco-Knaution longifoliae Jovanović-Dunjić 1955

Synonyms

CU03E (SES-03E) Festucion xanthinae Lakušić et al. 1969

Subalpine fescue grasslands on slightly acidic leached soils over limestone of the southwestern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion xanthinae Lakušić et al. 1969

Synonyms

CU03F (SES-03F) Seslerion nitidae Horvat 1936

Subalpine calcicolous tussock grasslands of the Southern and Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion nitidae Horvat 1936

Synonyms

DA (FES) Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Soó 1947

Dry grassland and steppe vegetation of mostly base- and colloid-rich soils in the submediterranean, nemoral and hemiboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Soó 1947

Synonyms

Remark

fes01 | The Festuco-Brometea is the class of zonal steppe vegetation of Southern Ukraine and Russia. In Central, Southern and Western Europe it is represented by extrazonal communities in relict habitats or (more often) as secondary grasslands (mainly pastures) on soils prone to desiccation or quick water drainage. (L. Mucina).

DA01 (FES-01) Brachypodietalia pinnati Korneck 1974 nom. conserv. propos.

Meso-xerophytic grasslands on deep calcareous soils of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodietalia pinnati Korneck 1974 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

fes02 | If this name becomes conserved, the names Brometalia erecti Koch 1926 and Brometalia erecti Br.-Bl. 1936 would be formally rejected as nomina ambigua (see Remarks fes03 and fes04). (J. Dengler).

DA01A (FES-01A) Bromion erecti Koch 1926

Meso-xerophytic basiphilous grasslands of Western Europe and subatlantic Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bromion erecti Koch 1926

Synonyms

DA01B (FES-01B) Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati Hadač et Klika in Klika et Hadač 1944

Meso-xerophytic basiphilous grasslands of the subcontinental regions of Central and southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati Hadač et Klika in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

DA01C (FES-01C) Filipendulo vulgaris-Helictotrichion pratensis Dengler et Löbel in Dengler et al. 2003

Meso-xerophilous basiphilous grasslands of alvars of Fennoscandia and the southern seaboards of the Baltic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Filipendulo vulgaris-Helictotrichion pratensis Dengler et Löbel in Dengler et al. 2003

Synonyms

DA01D (FES-01D) Gentianello amarellae-Helictotrichion pratensis Royer ex Dengler in Mucina et al. 2009

Meso-xerophytic basiphilous grasslands of northwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gentianello amarellae-Helictotrichion pratensis Royer ex Dengler in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

DA01E (FES-01E) Potentillo-Brachypodion pinnati Br.-Bl. 1967

Meso-xerophytic neutro-basiphilous grasslands in the montane belt of the Northern Spain mountain ranges and the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillo-Brachypodion pinnati Br.-Bl. 1967

Synonyms

DA01F (FES-01F) Polygalo mediterraneae-Bromion erecti (Biondi et al. 2005) Di Pietro in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Dry grasslands on deep clay-rich soils over flysch bedrocks in the colline to lower montane belts of the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygalo mediterraneae-Bromion erecti (Biondi et al. 2005) Di Pietro in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

DA01G (FES-01G) Chrysopogono-Danthonion calycinae Kojić 1959

Dry grasslands on deep soils over siliceous bedrocks in the colline to submontane belts of the Southern and Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chrysopogono-Danthonion calycinae Kojić 1959

Synonyms

DA02 (FES-02) Festucetalia valesiacae Soó 1947

Steppes and rocky steppic grasslands on deep soils in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Europe and northwestern Central Asia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucetalia valesiacae Soó 1947

Synonyms

DA02A (FES-02A) Festucion valesiacae Klika 1931 nom. conserv. propos.

Steppe fescue grasslands on deep calcareous soils of subcontinental Central Europe, Romania, Bulgaria and northwestern Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion valesiacae Klika 1931 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

fes10 | We suggest conserving this name against the older 'Festucion sulcatae Soó 1930' that we suggest for rejection as a nomen ambiguum. (L. Mucina, M. Chytrý).

DA02B (FES-02B) Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis Korneck 1974

Steppic silicicolous grasslands of the subatlantic and subcontinental regions of the temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerio-Phleion phleoidis Korneck 1974

Synonyms

DA02C (FES-02C) Stipion lessingianae Soó 1947

Dry feather-grass and fescue steppes on deep soils of Transylvania, Moldova and southwestern Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipion lessingianae Soó 1947

Synonyms

DA02D (FES-02D) Centaureo carbonatae-Koelerion talievii Romashchenko et al. 1996

Steppe fescue grasslands on deep calcareous soils of continental northeastern Ukraine and adjacent Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureo carbonatae-Koelerion talievii Romashchenko et al. 1996

Synonyms

DA02E (FES-02E) Adonido vernalis-Stipion tirsae Didukh in Didukh et Mucina 2014

Steppic dwarf-scrub grasslands at low altitudes of Eastern Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adonido vernalis-Stipion tirsae Didukh in Didukh et Mucina 2014

Synonyms

DA02F (FES-02F) Veronico multifidae-Stipion ponticae Didukh in Didukh et Mucina 2014

Steppic dwarf-scrub rich grasslands of the northern piedmonts of the mountain ranges of southeastern and central regions of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico multifidae-Stipion ponticae Didukh in Didukh et Mucina 2014

Synonyms

DA02G (FES-02G) Artemisio tauricae-Festucion Korzhenevsky et Klyukin 1991

Steppes on clayey volcanic sediments of Southern Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio tauricae-Festucion Korzhenevsky et Klyukin 1991

Synonyms

DA02H (FES-02H) Agropyrion pectinati Golub et Uzhametskaya 2016 nom. inval. (5a, 17)

Subsaline steppic grasslands of the Middle Volga region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyrion pectinati Golub et Uzhametskaya 1991

Synonyms

DA02I (FES-02I) Artemisio-Kochion Soó 1964

Relict tardiglacial xerophytic loess steppes of the Pannonian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio-Kochion Soó 1964

Synonyms

Remark

fes12 | This alliance would perhaps be better placed in the Agropyretalia intermedio-repentis. (K. Dierssen).

DA02J (FES-02J) Stipo-Poion xerophilae Br.-Bl. et Richard 1950

Relict tardiglacial xerophytic fescue and feather steppic rocky grasslands of deep intramontane valleys of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipo-Poion xerophilae Br.-Bl. et Richard 1950

Synonyms

DA03 (FES-03) Helictotricho desertorum-Stipetalia Toman 1969

Continental subxeric temperate grasslands in the steppe zone of the Volga River valley, the Southern Urals and Northern Kazakhstan

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helictotricho desertorum-Stipetalia Toman 1969

Synonyms

DA03A (FES-03A) Helictotricho desertorum-Stipion rubentis Toman 1969

Continental subxeric steppes of Northern Kazakhstan and the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helictotricho desertorum-Stipion rubentis Toman 1969

Synonyms

DA03B (FES-03B) Scorzonero austriacae-Koelerion sclerophyllae Solomeshch et al. 1994

Dry steppes on shallow rocky soils on steep slopes in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scorzonero austriacae-Koelerion sclerophyllae Solomeshch et al. 1994

Synonyms

DA03C (FES-03C) Lathyro pallescentis-Helictotrichion schelliani Solomeshch et al. 1994

Mesic steppes on fertile deep soils on gentle slopes in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lathyro pallescentis-Helictotrichion schelliani Solomeshch et al. 1994

Synonyms

DA03D (FES-03D) Aconogonion alpini Yamalov et al. 2009 nom. inval.

Extrazonal insular steppes in the boreal forest zone at higher altitudes of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aconopogonion alpini Yamalov et al. 2009 nom. inval.

Synonyms

DA03E (FES-03E) Centaureion sumensis Golub et al. 1995

Continental relict rocky steppes of the Middle Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureion sumensis Golub et al. 1995

Synonyms

DA04 (FES-04) Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipetalia lessingianae Lysenko et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Continental temperate dry steppe grasslands of the semi-desert transitional zone of the Don, Lower Volga and Ural River valleys and Northern Kazakhstan

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipetalia lessingianae Lysenko et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

fes13 | So far, the Eurasian continental steppes were classified within two orders, the Festucetalia valesiacae and the Helictotricho-Stipetalia. The dry steppes showing transitional character towards semi-desert vegetation of southwestern Europe and Northern Kazakhstan remained a syntaxonomic problem until Royer (1991: 29−31) described Tanaceto-Stipenalia lessingianae nom. inval. (suborder) and classified this syntaxon within the Helictoticho-Stipetalia Toman 1969. We consider this vegetation (based on our preliminary syntaxonomic synthesis – Lysenko & Mucina, in prep.) as vegetation deserving the rank of an order that we describe here formally by designating the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae (see Remark fes14 below) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the new order. Diagnostic species of the new order are: Artemisia lerchiana, A. santonica, Bassia prostrata, Koeleria macrantha, Stipa korshinskyi, S. lessingiana, S. sareptana, Tanacetum achilleifolium and T. santolina. (T. Lysenko, L. Mucina).

DA04A (FES-04A) Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae Royer ex Lysenko et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Continental temperate dry steppe grasslands of the transitional steppe to desert zone of the Don, Volga and Ural River valleys

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae Royer ex Lysenko et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

fes14 | Herein we validate the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae invalidly described by Royer (1991: 29−31, 189). This alliance comprises continental temperate steppe grasslands of the transitional region spanning dry steppe and semi-desert subzones in the Don, Volga and Ural River basins. This alliance is conceptually identical with the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Artemision santonicae, invalidly described by O. Demina (Demina et al. 2012: 77; Demina 2015: 172). The syntaxonomic revision of the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae is in progress (Lysenko & Mucina, in prep.). The diagnostic species of the alliance are: Galatella tatarica, Stipa lessingiana, Stipa sareptana, Tanacetum achilleifolium and T. santolina. We describe a new association, the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae association, the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipetum lessingianae Lysenko et Kalmykova ass. nov. hoc loco and present the following holotypus (hoc loco) of the new association that will be handled in detail at a later stage. Russian Federation, Saratov Region, Voskresensk district, outskirts of Slavyanka, sampled area: 100 m2, vegetation cover: 80 %; 8 July 2005; relevé made by T. Lysenko: Stipa lessingiana 4, Achillea nobilis 2, Elytrigia repens 2, Galatella villosa 2, Stipa capillata 2, Allium flavescens 1, Artemisia austriaca 1, A. nitrosa 1, Bassia prostrata 1, Falcaria vulgaris 1, Gypsophila muralis 1, Pastinaca sativa 1, Potentilla argentea 1, Silene chlorantha 1, Tanacetum achilleifolium 1, Dianthus borbasii +, Ferula tatarica +, Galium verum +, Medicago falcata +, Spiraea hypericifolia +, Trinia multicaulis +. This association is holotypus (hoc loco) of the Tanaceto achilleifolii-Stipion lessingianae. (T. Lysenko, L. Mucina).

DA04B (FES-04B) Stipion korshinskyi Toman 1969

Continental temperate dry steppe grasslands of the semi-desert zone of northwestern Kazakhstan and the neighbouring regions of Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipion korshinskyi Toman 1969

Synonyms

DA04C (FES-04C) Caricion stenophyllae Golub et Saveleva 1991

Continental temperate subsaline steppe grasslands around lakes in the semi-desert zone of the Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion stenophyllae Golub et Saveleva 1991

Synonyms

DA05 (FES-05) Stipo pulcherrimae-Festucetalia pallentis Pop 1968 nom. conserv. propos.

Xerophilous open steppic grasslands on shallow rocky calcareous and siliceous substrates of Central and southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipo pulcherrimae-Festucetalia pallentis Pop 1968 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

fes15 | I suggest to conserve the name Stipo pulcherrimae-Festucetalia pallentis Pop 196 against validly published Seslerietalia rigidae Gergely 1967 because the latter name has been in use only in Romania literature, while the former has been widely (and more frequently) use in many countries of Cenral and Eastern Europe. (L. Mucina).

DA05A (FES-05A) Alysso-Festucion pallentis Moravec in Holub et al. 1967

Xerophilous steppic grasslands on shallow soils over siliceous and ultramafic rocks as well as Silurian limestones of the Hercynicum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alysso-Festucion pallentis Moravec in Holub et al. 1967

Synonyms

DA05B (FES-05B) Asplenio-Festucion pallentis Zólyomi 1936 corr. 1966

Xerophilous rocky steppic grasslands on shallow soils over siliceous and ultramafic rocks of the Eastern Alps and northern fringes of the Pannonian Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenio-Festucion pallentis Zólyomi 1936 corr. 1966

Synonyms

DA05C (FES-05C) Bromo pannonici-Festucion csikhegyensis Zólyomi 1966 corr. Mucina in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Xerophilous rocky steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of the northern fringes of the Pannonian Basin and the Ukrainian Podolya

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bromo pannonici-Festucion csikhegyensis Zólyomi 1966 corr. Mucina in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

Remark

fes17 | This alliance is typified by the Seselio leucospermi-Festucetum glaucae Zólyomi 1936 corr. 1966 (see Mucina & Kolbek 1993a), described from Northern Hungarian colline dolomite landscapes. The latest taxonomic studies of the genus Festuca (Šmarda et al. 2007) suggest that the tetrapoid 'Festuca pallens' in this region is actually Festuca csikhegyensis Simonk., a taxonomically different concept from the diploid F. pallens Host. This fact underpins the necessity of the name correction as presented in Di Pietro et al. (2015). (L. Mucina).

DA05D (FES-05D) Chrysopogono-Festucion dalmaticae Borhidi 1996

Xerophilous rocky steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of the southern fringes of the Pannonian Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chrysopogono-Festucion dalmaticae Borhidi 1996

Synonyms

DA05E (FES-05E) Saturejion montanae Horvat in Horvat et al. 1974

Xerophilous rocky steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of the Northern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saturejion montanae Horvat in Horvat et al. 1974

Synonyms

DA05F (FES-05F) Pimpinello-Thymion zygoidis Dihoru et Doniţa 1970

Xerophilous rocky steppic dwarf-shrub rich grasslands on steep calcareous slopes of Dobrogea and northeastern Bulgaria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pimpinello-Thymion zygoidi Dihoru et Doniţa 1970

Synonyms

DA05G (FES-05G) Potentillo arenariae-Linion czerniaevii Krasova et Smetana 1999

Xerophilous rocky steppic species-rich grasslands on limestone outcrops of Southern Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillo arenariae-Linion czerniaevii Krasova et Smetana 1999

Synonyms

DA05H (FES-05H) Androsaco tauricae-Caricion humilis Didukh in Mucina et Didukh 2014

Xerophilous rocky steppic grasslands in the submontane and montane belts of Eastern Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Androsaco tauricae-Caricion humilis Didukh in Mucina et Didukh 2014

Synonyms

DA05I (FES-05I) Diantho lumnitzeri-Seslerion (Soó 1971) Chytrý et Mucina in Mucina et Kolbek 1993

Dealpine relict xerophilous steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of southeastern Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diantho lumnitzeri-Seslerion (Soó 1971) Chytrý et Mucina in Mucina et Kolbek 1993

Synonyms

DA05J (FES-05J) Seslerion rigidae Zólyomi 1936

Dealpine relict xerophilous steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of the Eastern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerion rigidae Zólyomi 1936

Synonyms

DA06 (FES-06) Thymo cretacei-Hyssopetalia cretacei Didukh 1989

Xerophilous rocky dwarf-shrub rich steppic grasslands on chalk outcrops of the southwestern Central Russian Upland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thymo cretacei-Hyssopetalia cretacei Didukh 1989

Synonyms

DA06A (FES-06A) Artemisio hololeucae-Hyssopion cretacei Romashchenko et al. 1996

Xerophilous rocky dwarf-shrub rich steppic grasslands on steep eroding chalk outcrops of the southern regions of the Central Russian Upland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio hololeucae-Hyssopion cretacei Romashchenko et al. 1996

Synonyms

DA06B (FES-06B) Euphorbio cretophilae-Thymion cretacei Didukh 1989

Xerophilous rocky dwarf-shrub rich steppic grasslands rich on chalk outcrops of the southern regions of the Siverskii Donets River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbio cretophilae-Thymion cretacei Didukh 1989

Synonyms

DA07 (FES-07) Brachypodietalia phoenicoidis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Submediterranean steppic grasslands on deep basic to neutral-acidophilous mesic soils of precipitation-rich regions of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodietalia phoenicoidis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Synonyms

Remark

fes22 | Bardat et al. (2004) classified this order in the 'Thero-Brachypodietea ramosi'. (L. Mucina) According to Royer (1991: 16) this order belongs to the 'Thero-Brachypodietea' because it is only weakly linked to the Festuco-Brometea. Julve (1993), on the other hand, suggested the classification of this order within the Dactylido hispanicae-Brachypodietea retusi. (J.-P. Theurillat).

DA07A (FES-07A) Brachypodion phoenicoidis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Submediterranean steppic grasslands on deep mesic soils of the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodion phoenicoidis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Synonyms

DA07B (FES-07B) Artemisio albae-Dichanthion ischaemi X. Font ex Rivas-Mart. et M.L. López in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Submediterranean submontane and montane acidophilous steppic grasslands of the piedmonts and intramontane valleys of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio albae-Dichanthion ischaemi X. Font ex Rivas-Mart. et M.L. López in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

fes23 | The Artemisio-Dichantion should be classified within the Artemisio-Brometalia (where, in the future, it might be reduced to synonymy). (J. Dengler).

DA07C (FES-07C) Diplachnion serotinae Br.-Bl. 1961

Submediterranean colline-submontane acidophilous xeric grasslands of the precipitation-rich southern rims of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diplachnion serotinae Br.-Bl. 1961

Synonyms

DA08 (FES-08) Artemisio albae-Brometalia erecti Ubaldi ex Dengler et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2009

Xerophytic basiphilous open grasslands of subatlantic and submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio albae-Brometalia erecti Ubaldi ex Dengler et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

DA08A (FES-08A) Xerobromion erecti Zoller 1954

Meso-xerophytic basiphilous open grasslands of southwestern Central Europe and France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Xerobromion erecti Zoller 1954

Synonyms

DA08B (FES-08B) Festuco-Bromion Barbero et Loisel 1971

Meso-xerophytic basiphilous open grasslands of the submediterranean regions of Provence and Liguria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco-Bromion Barbero et Loisel 1971

Synonyms

DA09 (FES-09) Scorzoneretalia villosae Kovačević 1959

Amphiadriatic dry steppic submediterranean pastures of the Prealpine, Illyrian and Dinaric regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scorzoneretalia villosae Kovačević 1959

Synonyms

DA09A (FES-09A) Chrysopogono grylli-Koelerion splendentis Horvatić 1973

Illyrian submediterranean rocky grasslands on shallow calcareous soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chrysopogono grylli-Koelerion splendentis Horvatić 1973

Synonyms

DA09B (FES-09B) Saturejion subspicatae Tomić-Stanković 1970

Dinaric submediterranean montane calcareous rocky grasslands on shallow soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saturejion subspicatae Tomić-Stanković 1970

Synonyms

DA09C (FES-09C) Centaureion dichroanthae Pignatti 1952

Prealpic submediterranean montane calcareous rocky grasslands on shallow soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureion dichroanthae Pignatti 1952

Synonyms

DA09D (FES-09D) Scorzonerion villosae Horvatić ex Kovačević 1959

Prealpic and Illyrian meso-xerophytic submediterranean grasslands on deep and partly decalcified soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scorzonerion villosae Horvatić ex Kovačević 1959

Synonyms

DA09E (FES-09E) Hippocrepido glaucae-Stipion austroitalicae Forte et Terzi in Forte et al. 2005

Submediterranean xeric pastures on rocky calcareous soils of Apulia (Southern Italy)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hippocrepido glaucae-Stipion austroitalicae Forte et Terzi in Forte et al. 2005

Synonyms

DA10 (FES-10) Astragalo onobrychidis-Potentilletalia Micevski 1971

Dry submediterranean montane steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astragalo onobrychidis-Potentilletalia Micevski 1971

Synonyms

DA10A (FES-10A) Saturejo-Thymion Micevski 1971

Dry submediterranean montane steppic grasslands on calcareous substrates of the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saturejo-Thymion Micevski 1971

Synonyms

DA11 (FES-11) Halacsyetalia sendtneri Ritter-Studnička 1970

Ultramafic and silicicolous xeric rocky grasslands in the submontane to supramontane belts of the continental regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Halacsyetalia sendtneri Ritter-Studnička 1970

Synonyms

Remark

fes24 | J. Dengler considers this order as weakly separated and heterogeneous.

DA11A (FES-11A) Polygonion albanicae Ritter-Studnička 1970

Ultramafic xeric rocky grasslands of Bosnia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygonion albanicae Ritter-Studnička 1970

Synonyms

Remark

fes25 | The separation of the central and eastern Bosnian ultramafic rocky steppic grasslands into two validly described alliances (Polygonion albanicae and Potentillion visianii) is not supported by Ritter-Studnička's (1970) own data. We prefer to unite these two concepts and choose the name Polygonion albanici for the united concept since this name has already been used, for instance by Jovanović et al. (1986: 33). (L. Mucina, A. Čarni).

DA11B (FES-11B) Centaureo-Bromion fibrosi Blečić et al. 1969

Ultramafic xeric rocky grasslands of Kosovo, Serbia, Northern Macedonia and Albania

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureo-Bromion fibrosi Blečić et al. 1969

Synonyms

DA11C (FES-11C) Alyssion heldreichii Bergmeier et al. 2009

Ultramafic xeric rocky grasslands of Northern Hellas and Southern Macedonia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alyssion heldreichii Bergmeier et al. 2009

Synonyms

DB (FEP) Festuco-Puccinellietea Soó ex Vicherek 1973

Saline steppes and secondary saline steppic grasslands of the continental regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco-Puccinellietea Soó ex Vicherek 1973

Synonyms

Remark

fep01 | The Festuco-Puccinellietea in our system comprises two groups of orders: (1) those characteristic of habitats with hypersaline (mainly solonetz) dry soils (the relict Puccinellietalia and Halo-Agropyretalia steppic Festuco-Limonietalia and the semi-desertic Artemisietalia pauciflorae), and (2) those typical of flooded, moist/wet (mainly solonchak) soils (Scorzonero-Juncetalia, Cirsietalia esculenti and Glycyrrhizetalia). The latter group matches the syntaxonomic concepts of the Scorzonero-Juncetea and Glycyrrhizetea, if we follow selected Russian and Ukrainian authors (Golub 1995 and Solomakha 2008; but see Golub 1997 and Dubyna et al. 2007). (L. Mucina).

DB01 (FEP-01) Puccinellietalia Soó 1947

Meso-xerophytic saline pastures in the subcontinental and submediterranean zones of the southern regions of Central and Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellietalia Soó 1947

Synonyms

DB01A (FEP-01A) Festucion pseudovinae Soó 1933

Pontic-Pannonian saline steppic pastures on solonetz soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion pseudovinae Soó 1933

Synonyms

DB01B (FEP-01B) Peucedano officinalis-Asterion sedifolii Borhidi 1996

Pannonian tall-forb rich subsaline meadows on calcareous loess soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peucedano officinalis-Asterion sedifolii Borhidi 1996

Synonyms

DB01C (FEP-01C) Puccinellion limosae Soó 1933

Pannonian hypersaline open grasslands on solonetz soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellion limosae Soó 1933

Synonyms

DB01D (FEP-01D) Puccinellion convolutae Micevski 1965

Macedonian and Northern Aegean relict saline grasslands on edges of inland salt pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellion convolutae Micevski 1965

Synonyms

Remark

fep02 | Golub et al. (2005: 70) attempted to discredit the concept of the Puccinellion convolutae Micevski 1965 by declaring it a nomen dubium. Their arguments are not convincing and therefore the name Plantagini coronopodo-Camphorosmion monspeliacae Golub et Karpov in Golub et al. 2005 remains a nomen superfluum (ICPN art. 29). (L. Mucina).

DB01E (FEP-01E) Puccinellion lagascanae Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1976 corr. Alonso et De la Torre 2004

Iberian relict saline grasslands on the edges of continental inland salt marshes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellion lagascanae Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1976 corr. Alonso et De la Torre 2004

Synonyms

Remark

fep03 | The placement of this alliance within the Puccinellietalia is unprecedented and motivated by the shared relict character of the inland salt-pan saline vegetation linked in the pleniglacial to the maximum extent of the steppe vegetation in the Pannonian Basin and other continental regions of Europe, such as Iberian Meseta Central and the Central Balkans. Rivas-Martínez et al. (2001: 201) classified this alliance within the Juncetalia maritimi. (L. Mucina).

DB02 (FEP-02) Halo-Agropyretalia Ferrari et Speranza 1975

Saline vegetation on heavy clayey soils of badlands of the Apennines, the Balkans and Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Halo-Agropyretalia Ferrari et Speranza 1975

Synonyms

Remark

fep05 | This rare and enigmatic vegetation type is associated with exposed and fast-eroding Miocene clayey deposits forming badland landscapes, known in Italy as 'calanchi'. Usually they occur in a complex with remnants of the Mediterranean relict tardiglacial steppes of the Lygeo-Stipetea. This vegetation occurs also in Hellas (for instance in Cephalonia; L. Mucina unpubl. data). We suggest that a new alliance could be coined to accommodate this vegetation in the Eastern Mediterranean. (L. Mucina).

DB02A (FEP-02A) Halo-Artemision Pignatti 1953

Apennine saline steppic vegetation on heavy clayey badland soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Halo-Artemision Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

DB02B (FEP-02B) Artemision maritimae Micevski 1970

Macedonian saline steppic vegetation on heavy clayey badland soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemision maritimae Micevski 1970

Synonyms

DB02C (FEP-02C) Atraphaxo-Capparion Korzhenevskii 1992

Crimean seaside vegetation on heavy clayey badland soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Atraphaxo-Capparion Korzhenevskii 1992

Synonyms

Remark

fep06 | Golub et al. (2005) have classified this alliance within the Puccinellio festuciformis-Camphorosmetalia monspeliacae. (L. Mucina).

DB03 (FEP-03) Artemisio santonicae-Limonietalia gmelinii Golub et V. Solomakha 1988

Saline vegetation on clay-rich solonetz-like and solonetz soils in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Southern Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio santonicae-Limonietalia gmelinii Golub et V. Solomakha 1988

Synonyms

DB03A (FEP-03A) Plantagini salsae-Artemision santonici Lysenko et Mucina in Lysenko et al. 2011

Saline vegetation in depressions and upper alluvial habitats on solonetz-like soils in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantagini salsae-Artemision santonici Lysenko et Mucina in Lysenko et al. 2011

Synonyms

DB03B (FEP-03B) Limonion sareptani Golub 1994

Saline vegetation around lakes in the semi-desert zone of the Lower Volga valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion sareptani Golub 1994

Synonyms

DB03C (FEP-03C) Limonion tomentelli Agafonov et Golub in Golub 1994

Saline vegetation in shallow saline depressions in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Don River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion tomentelli Agafonov et Golub in Golub 1994

Synonyms

DB03D (FEP-03D) Puccinellion giganteae Dubyna et Neuhäuslová 2000

Saline vegetation on solonchak soils on coastal bars and islands along the Ukrainian Black Sea shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellion giganteae Dubyna et Neuhäuslová 2000

Synonyms

Remark

fep08 | Golub et al. (2003) classified this unit within the Scorzonero-Juncetalia gerardi. (L. Mucina).

DB03E (FEP-03E) Festuco valesiacae-Limonion gmelinii Mirkin in Golub et V. Solomakha 1988

Saline steppes on solonetz soils in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the Volga and Ural River valleys

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco valesiacae-Limonion gmelinii Mirkin in Golub et V. Solomakha 1988

Synonyms

Remark

fep09 | The syntaxonomic concept of this alliance is very heterogeneous and deserves revision. (T. Lysenko, L. Mucina).

DB03F (FEP-03F) Diantho guttati-Milion vernalis Umanets et V. Solomakha 1998

Subsaline dry steppes of the Lower Dnipr River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diantho guttati-Milion vernalis Umanets et V. Solomakha 1998

Synonyms

DB04 (FEP-04) Artemisietalia pauciflorae Golub et Karpov in Golub et al. 2005

Saline desertic steppe vegetation of the semi-desert zone of the northern Caspian seaboards and the Lower Volga valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisietalia pauciflorae Golub et Karpov in Golub et al. 2005

Synonyms

DB04A (FEP-04A) Artemisio pauciflorae-Camphorosmion monspeliacae Karpov 2001

Saline desertic steppe vegetation of the Northern Caspian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio pauciflorae-Camphorosmion monspeliacae Karpov 2001

Synonyms

DB04B (FEP-04B) Alhagion pseudalhagi Golub et Czorbadze in Golub 1994

Saline desertic steppe vegetation on slopes and terraces around the inland pans of the Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alhagion pseudalhagi Golub et Czorbadze in Golub 1994

Synonyms

DB05 (FEP-05) Scorzonero-Juncetalia gerardi Vicherek 1973

Wet subsaline meadows and pastures of the Pannonian and Sarmatian regions of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scorzonero-Juncetalia gerardi Vicherek 1973

Synonyms

DB05A (FEP-05A) Juncion gerardi Wendelberger 1943

Wet subsaline regularly inundated meadows and pastures of southeastern Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncion gerardi Wendelberger 1943

Synonyms

DB05B (FEP-05B) Beckmannion eruciformis Soó 1933

Wet subsaline regularly inundated meadows on heavy clayey soils of the Pannonian Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Beckmannion eruciformis Soó 1933

Synonyms

DB05C (FEP-05C) Carici dilutae-Juncion gerardii Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Wet subsaline grasslands in the forest-steppe zone of Southern Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici dilutae-Juncion gerardi Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

DB05D (FEP-05D) Agrostio stoloniferae-Beckmannion eruciformis Mirkin in Barabash et al. 1989

Wet subsaline regularly inundated meadows on heavy clayey soils in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostio stoloniferae-Beckmannion eruciformis Mirkin in Barabash et al. 1989

Synonyms

DB05E (FEP-05E) Cirsion esculenti Golub 1994

Wet subsaline pastures in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of Russia, Southern Siberia and Eastern Kazakhstan

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsion esculenti Golub 1994

Synonyms

DB06 (FEP-06) Glycyrrhizetalia glabrae Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Moist subsaline alluvial meadows and herbfields in the steppe and semi-desert zones of the Don, Ural and Volga River valleys

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Glycyrrhizetalia glabrae Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Synonyms

DB06A (FEP-06A) Glycyrrhizion echinatae Golub et Saveleva in Golub 1995

Moist subsaline alluvial meadows in the steppe zone of the Lower Don River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Glycyrrhizion echinatae Golub et Saveleva in Golub 1995

Synonyms

DB06B (FEP-06B) Glycyrrhizion korshinskyi Lysenko 2010

Moist subsaline alluvial meadows in the steppe zone of the Volga and Ural River valleys

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Glycyrrhizion korshinskyi Lysenko 2010

Synonyms

DB06C (FEP-06C) Glycyrrhizion glabrae Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Moist subsaline alluvial meadows in the semi-desert zone of the Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Glycyrrhizion glabrae Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Synonyms

DC (CRY) Crypsietea aculeatae Vicherek 1973

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation in periodically flooded saline habitats of submediterranean and (sub)continental Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crypsietea aculeatae Vicherek 1973

Synonyms

Remark

cry01 | Ecological and partly also floristic similarities of these communities to the Thero-Salicornietea have lead Rodwell et al. (2002) to include this syntaxon into that class. (L. Mucina) E. Bergmeier prefers to handle this syntaxon as part of the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea and Jarolímek & Šibík (2008) suggested considering this concept as part of the Festuco-Puccinellietea. (L. Mucina).

DC01 (CRY-01) Crypsietalia aculeatae Vicherek 1973

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation in periodically flooded saline habitats of submediterranean and (sub)continental Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crypsietalia aculeatae Vicherek 1973

Synonyms

DC01A (CRY-01A) Cypero-Spergularion salinae Slavnić 1948

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation in periodically flooded saline habitats of subcontinental Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cypero-Spergularion salinae Slavnić 1948

Synonyms

DC01B (CRY-01B) Heleochloion schoenoidis Br.-Bl. ex Rivas Goday 1956

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation in periodically flooded saline habitats in the (sub)mediterranean regions of Southern Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Heleochloion schoenoidis Br.-Bl. ex Rivas Goday 1956

Synonyms

Remark

cry02 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (1999: 368) considered this concept as an alliance in its own right. (L. Mucina).

DC01C (CRY-01C) Lepidion latifolii Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-grass vegetation in periodically flooded saline habitats of continental Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lepidion latifolii Golub et Mirkin in Golub 1995

Synonyms

EA (LER) Artemisietea lerchianae Golub 1994

Aralo-Caspian semi-desert vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisietea lerchianae Golub 1994

Synonyms

EA01 (LER-01) Artemisietalia lerchianae Golub 1994

Caspian semi-desert vegetation on subsaline loamy and saline soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisietalia lerchianae Golub 1994

Synonyms

EA01A (LER-01A) Artemision lerchianae Golub 1994

Caspian subsaline semi-desert vegetation on loamy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemision lerchianae Golub 1994

Synonyms

EA01B (LER-01B) Anabasio aphyllae-Artemision pauciflorae Lysenko in Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Caspian saline semi-deserts on solonetz soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anabasio aphyllae-Artemision pauciflorae Lysenko in Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

EA02 (LER-02) Artemisietalia tschernievianae Golub 1994

Caspian desert vegetation on stabilised sandy dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisietalia tschernievianae Golub 1994

Synonyms

EA02A (LER-02A) Euphorbion seguieranae Golub 1994

Caspian desert vegetation on stabilised sandy dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion seguieranae Golub 1994

Synonyms

EB (TAM) Tamaricetea arceuthoidis Akhani et Mucina 2015

Tamarisk scrub of the semi-desert and desert zones of Central Asia, the Eastern Chinese and Mongolian deserts, Middle East and the Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricetea arceuthoidis Akhani et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

Remark

tam01 | The Tamaricetea arceuthoidis described only lately (Akhani & Mucina 2015) comprises riparian scrub communities of saline and subsaline alluvial habitats along mainly intermittent rivers. The core region of distribution of this syntaxon is the Irano-Turanian Floristic Region (unlike the Mediterranean for the Nerio-Tamaricetea) of continental Central Asia and the Middle East. Represented by the order Elaeagno turcomanicae-Tamaricetalia ramossissimae Akhani et Mucina 2015, it reaches the territory of Europe in the region of the Lower Volga River valley. (L. Mucina).

EB01 (TAM-01) Elaeagno turcomanicae-Tamaricetalia ramossissimae Akhani et Mucina 2015

Tamarisk scrub of the semi-desert and desert zones of Central Asia and the Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elaeagno turcomanicae-Tamaricetalia ramossissimae Akhani et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

EB01A (TAM-01A) Agropyro fragilis-Tamaricion ramosissimae Golub in Barmin 2001

Tamarisk riparian xero-mesophytic subsaline scrub of the semi-desert Lower Volga River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyro fragilis-Tamaricion ramosissimae Golub in Barmin 2001

Synonyms

EC (KAL) Kalidietea foliati Mirkin et al. ex Rukhlenko 2012

Continental hypersaline scrub on edges of inland saline lakes and the seaboards of Eastern Europe and Central Asia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kalidietea foliati Mirkin et al. ex Rukhlenko 2012

Synonyms

EC01 (KAL-01) Kalidietalia foliati Golub et al. 2001

Irano-Turanian desertic perennial chenopod scrub on hypersaline soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kalidietalia foliati Golub et al. 2001

Synonyms

EC01A (KAL-01A) Kalidion caspici Golub et al. 2001

Caspian desertic perennial chenopod scrub on hypersaline dry soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kalidion caspici Golub et al. 2001

Synonyms

EC01B (KAL-01B) Climacoptero crassae-Suaedion acuminatae Golub et Čorbadze 1989 corr. Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Caspian desertic perennial chenopod scrub in wet saline depressions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Climacoptero crassae-Suaedion acuminatae Golub et Čorbadze 1989 corr. Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

EC02 (KAL-02) Halimionetalia verruciferae Golub et al. 2001

Pontic-Sarmatian and Crimean saline grasslands rich in dwarf shrubs on clayey soils in the steppe zone of Romania, Moldova, Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Halimionetalia verruciferae Golub et al. 2001

Synonyms

EC02A (KAL-02A) Artemisio santonicae-Puccinellion fominii Shelyag-Sosonko et al. 1989

Pontic-Sarmatian saline grassland vegetation on solonchak soils of dried saline lakes in the steppe zone of Romania, Moldova, Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio santonicae-Puccinellion fominii Shelyag-Sosonko et al. 1989

Synonyms

EC02B (KAL-02B) Camphorosmo-Agropyrion desertorum Korzhenevsky et Klyukin ex Golub et al. 2006

Saline grassland vegetation on clay substrates of the dysfunctional mud volcanos of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Camphorosmo-Agropyrion desertorum Korzhenevsky et Klyukin ex Golub et al. 2006

Synonyms

ED (AEL) Aeluropodetea littoralis Golub et al. 2001

Hypersaline alluvial temporary flooded swards in the semi-desert and desert zones of Central Asia, Middle East and the Ural River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aeluropodetea littoralis Golub et al. 2001

Synonyms

ED01 (AEL-01) Aeluropodetalia littoralis Golub et al. 2001

Hypersaline alluvial temporary flooded swards in the semi-desert and desert zones of Central Asia, Middle East and the Ural River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aeluropodetalia littoralis Golub et al. 2001

Synonyms

Remark

ael01 | This order was typified by the Suaedo paradoxae-Aeluropion littoralis (Golub et al. 2001: 73), described from Turkmenistan. (L. Mucina).

ED01A (AEL-01A) Elytrigio-Aeluropodion Ageleulov et Golub in Golub 1995

Hypersaline alluvial temporary flooded swards in the semi-desert zone of the Lower Ural River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elytrigio-Aeluropodion Ageleulov et Golub in Golub 1995

Synonyms

FA (QUI) Quercetea ilicis Br.-Bl. ex A. Bolòs et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

Thermo-mesomediterranean pine and oak forests and associated macchia of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetea ilicis Br.-Bl. ex A. Bolòs et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

Synonyms

Remark

qui01 | For the details on the nomenclature of this class name see Willner et al. (2015b). (L. Mucina).

FA01 (QUI-01) Quercetalia ilicis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Evergreen and semi-deciduous thermo- to supramediterranean oak and relict laurel forests of the Central and Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetalia ilicis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Synonyms

FA01A (QUI-01A) Quercion ilicis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Thermo-supramediterranean mesic evergreen holm oak forests on calcareous substrates of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion ilicis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Synonyms

FA01B (QUI-01B) Oleo sylvestris-Quercion rotundifoliae Barbero, Quézel et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 nom. invers. propos.

Thermo-mesomediterranean evergreen oak forests on deep soils of the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oleo sylvestris-Quercion rotundifoliae Barbero, Quézel et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 nom. invers. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

qui02 | In North Africa, the meso-supramediterranean belts are characterised by an altitudinal analogon, the Balanseo glaberrimae-Quercion rotundifoliae Barbero, Quézel et Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011 (syn: Balanseo glaberrimae-Quercion rotundifoliae Barbero, Quézel et Rivas-Mart. 1981; ICPN art. 5). (L. Mucina).

FA01C (QUI-01C) Quercion broteroi Br.-Bl. et al. 1956 corr. Rivas-Mart. 1972

Ibero-Atlantic meso-supramediterranean evergreen and semi-deciduous oak forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion broteroi Br.-Bl. et al. 1956 corr. Rivas-Mart. 1972

Synonyms

FA01D (QUI-01D) Fraxino orni-Quercion ilicis Biondi, Casavecchia et Gigante in Biondi et al. 2013

Evergreen and semideciduous calciphilous holm oak forests of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fraxino orni-Quercion ilicis Biondi, Casavecchia et Gigante in Biondi et al. 2013

Synonyms

FA01E (QUI-01E) Erico-Quercion ilicis S. Brullo et al. 1977

Evergreen and semideciduous acidophilous holm oak forests of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico-Quercion ilicis S. Brullo et al. 1977

Synonyms

FA01G (QUI-01G) Cyclamini cretici-Quercion ilicis Barbero et Quézel in Quézel et al. 1993

Evergreen calcicolous mesic holm oak forests of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cyclamini cretici-Quercion ilicis Barbero et Quézel in Quézel et al. 1993

Synonyms

FA01H (QUI-01H) Arbuto andrachnes-Quercion cocciferae Barbero et Quézel 1979

Evergreen calcicolous mesic kermes oak forests of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arbuto andrachnes-Quercion cocciferae Barbero et Quézel 1979

Synonyms

FA01I (QUI-01I) Arbuto unedonis-Laurion nobilis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Relict Mediterranean laurel forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arbuto unedonis-Laurion nobilis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

Remark

qui03 | This unit has a marginal position in this order. It represents relicts of the ancient warm-temperate evergreen forests that dominated the Mediterranean in the Tertiary (see Rodriguez-Sánchez et al. 2009). (L. Mucina).

FA02 (QUI-02) Quercetalia calliprini Zohary 1955

Sclerophyllous oak and conifer forests and associated macchia in the thermo- to supramediterranean belts of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercetalia calliprini Zohary 1955

Synonyms

FA02A (QUI-02A) Quercion calliprini Zohary 1955

Sclerophyllous evergreen Palestine oak forests of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion calliprini Zohary 1955

Synonyms

FA02B (QUI-02B) Aceri sempervirentis-Cupression sempervirentis Barbero et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1993

Supramediterranean cypress forests of Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aceri sempervirentis-Cupression sempervirentis Barbero et Quézel ex Quézel et al. 1993

Synonyms

FA02C (QUI-02C) Quercion alnifoliae Barbero et Quézel ex Bergmeier, Mucina et Theurillat in Willner et al. 2015

Mesomediterranean evergreen endemic golden oak forests of Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion alnifoliae Barbero et Quézel ex Bergmeier, Mucina et Theurillat in Willner et al. 2015

Synonyms

FA03 (QUI-03) Pinetalia halepensis Biondi, Blasi, Galdenzi, Pesaresi et Vagge in Biondi et al. 2014

Thermo-mesomediterranean pine forests of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinetalia halepensis Biondi, Blasi, Galdenzi, Pesaresi et Vagge in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

FA03A (QUI-03A) Pistacio lentisci-Pinion halepensis Biondi, Blasi, Galdenzi, Pesaresi et Vagge in Biondi et al. 2014

Thermomediterranean Pinus halepensis forests, locally co-dominated by other thermophilous pine species, from mainland Greece to eastern Spain and coastal areas of northwestern Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pistacio lentisci-Pinion halepensis Biondi, Blasi, Galdenzi, Pesaresi et Vagge in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

FA03B (QUI-03B) Alkanno baeoticae-Pinion halepensis Mucina et Dimopoulos in Mucina et al. 2009

Thermomediterranean Pinus halepensis forests on ultramafic substrates of Euboea and the Hellenic mainland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alkanno baeoticae-Pinion halepensis Mucina et Dimopoulos in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

FA03C (QUI-03C) Pinion brutiae Feinbrun 1959

Thermo- to mesomediterranean Pinus brutia forests of Greece (mainland and Aegean islands), western and southern Anatolia, Cyprus, Lebanon and Syria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salvio fruticosae-Pinion brutiae Konstantinidis, Mucina et Bergmeier ined.

Synonyms

Remark

qui05 | This alliance was coined to accommodate the Aegean (especially Cretan) Pinus brutia forests as represented for instance by the association Rhamno lycioidis-Pinetum brutiae (Konstantinidis et al. 2012). A full and valid description, accompanied by a syntaxonomic revision of Pinus brutia forests is in preparation (Konstantinidis & Mucina unpubl.). (L. Mucina).

FA03D (QUI-03D) Pinion pineae Feinbrun 1959

Thermomediterranean stone pine forests on leached sandy soils of ancient coastal dunes and inland alluvia of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinion pineae Feinbrun 1959

Synonyms

Remark

qui20 | Pinion pineae occurs in Anatolia and Lebanon, and its possible occurrence in Greece or the European part of Turkey needs further investigation. (Gianmaria Bonari).

FA03E (QUI-03E) Styraco officinalis-Pinion brutiae Bonari, Chytrý, Çoban, Kavgacı et Sağlam in Bonari et al. 2021

Meso- and supramediterranean Pinus brutia forests of Greece, Anatolia, Cyprus and the Near East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

FA03F (QUI-03F) Thymo vulgaris-Pinion halepensis Biondi et Pesaresi in Pesaresi et al. 2017

Mesomediterranean Pinus halepensis forests of eastern Spain, southeastern France (Languedoc-Roussillon and Provence), northeastern Italy (Liguria) and the Balearic Islands, mainly on base-rich substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

FA03G (QUI-03G) Sarcopoterio spinosi-Pinion halepensis Biondi et Pesaresi in Pesaresi et al. 2017

Thermo- to mesomediterranean Pinus halepensis forests of Greece, mainly on calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

FA03H (QUI-03H) Coremato albi-Pinion pinastri J.C. Costa, Neto, Capelo, Aguiar, Monteiro-Henriques et Bonari in Bonari et al. 2021

Atlantic southwestern Iberian natural forests dominated by Pinus pinaster and/or Pinus pinea mostly on coastal sandy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

FA03I (QUI-03I) Lavandulo pedunculatae-Pinion pinastri Fernández-González, Bonari et Chytrý in Bonari et al. 2021

Meso- to supramediterranean Central Iberian Pinus pinaster forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

FA03J (QUI-03J) Genisto pilosae-Pinion pinastri Biondi et Vagge 2015

Thermo- to mesomediterranean Pinus pinaster forests of Liguria, Tuscany, Provence, Languedoc and Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genisto pilosae-Pinion pinastri Biondi et Vagge 2015

Synonyms

FA04 (QUI-04) Pistacio lentisci-Rhamnetalia alaterni Rivas-Mart. 1975

Thermo-mesomediterranean low-grown matorral, macchia and garrigue of the Mediterranean Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pistacio lentisci-Rhamnetalia alaterni Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

Remark

qui07 | Julve's (1993) description of the Pistacio lentisci-Rhamnetea alaterni was motivated by separation of the tall-scrub communities accommodated within the Pistacio lentisci-Rhamnetalia alaterni Rivas-Mart. 1975 from the Mediterranean fire-prone forests of the Quercetalia ilicis. This proposal was followed by Theurillat et al. (1995), but neglected by most the authors dealing with syntaxonomy of Mediterranean vegetation. (L. Mucina).

FA04A (QUI-04A) Ericion arboreae (Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) Rivas-Mart. 1987

Thermo-mesomediterranean neutrophilous to acidophilous mesic matorral of the Mediterranean Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ericion arboreae (Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) Rivas-Mart. 1987

Synonyms

FA04B (QUI-04B) Juniperion turbinatae Rivas-Mart. 1975 corr. 1987

Thermomediterranean tall juniper scrub on coastal dune systems of the Western Mediterranean seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion turbinatae Rivas-Mart. 1975 corr. 1987

Synonyms

FA04C (QUI-04C) Asparago albi-Rhamnion oleoidis Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975

Thermomediterranean semiarid sclerophyllous scrub of the southern regions of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asparago albi-Rhamnion oleoidis Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

FA04D (QUI-04D) Rhamno lycioidis-Quercion cocciferae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975

Eastern Iberian meso-supramediterranean semiarid oak and low pine matorral

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhamno lycioidis-Quercion cocciferae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

FA04E (QUI-04E) Periplocion angustifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1975

Thermomediterranean semiarid deciduous relict low matorral of the coastal regions of southeastern Spain, Sicily and the eastern regions of North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Periplocion angustifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

FA04F (QUI-04F) Pino pinastri-Juniperion phoeniceae Pérez Latorre et Cabezudo in Pérez Latorre et al. 1998

Betic (Southern Iberian) thermo- to supramediterranean matorral on ultramafic and dolomitic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pino pinastri-Juniperion phoeniceae Pérez Latorre et Cabezudo in Pérez Latorre et al. 1998

Synonyms

FA04G (QUI-04G) Juniperion lagunae Cano et al. 2007

Thermo- to supramediterranean dry juniper scrub of the Luso-Extremadurean Province of the Central Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion lagunae Cano et al. 2007

Synonyms

FA04H (QUI-04H) Oleo-Ceratonion siliquae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet et Drouineau 1944

Thermomediterranean calcicolous macchia of the Liguro-Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oleo-Ceratonion siliquae Br.-Bl. ex Guinochet et Drouineau 1944

Synonyms

FA04I (QUI-04I) Asparago orientalis-Juniperion macrocarpae (Díez Garretas et Asensi 2014) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermomediterranean juniper scrub of the coastal dune systems of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asparago orientalis-Juniperion macrocarpae (Díez Garretas et Asensi 2014) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

qui19 | The syntaxonomic synthesis of the Juniperus macrocarpa dominated costal dune scrub (Díez Garretas & Asensi 2014) in the Mediterranean reveals two floristically and geographically characterised units, interpreted as the suballiances Juniperenion turbinatae and Asparago orientalis-Juniperenion macrocarpae. The synoptic table in Díez Garretas & Asensi (2014: Tab. 1, columns 38−44) supports the floristic identity of the Asparago orientalis-Juniperenion macrocarpae, which we up-rank here onto the level of a new alliance the Asparago orientalis-Juniperion macrocarpae, recognising the Rubio tenuifoliae-Juniperetum macrocarpae Géhu et al. 1992 (Colloq. Phytosociol. 19: 554−555, Tab. 28, rel. 13) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. The diagnostic taxa of the alliance are: Anthyllis hermanniae, Asparagus aphyllus subsp. orientalis, Erica manipuliflora, Genista acanthoclada, Juniperus macrocarpa and Salvia fruticosa. (L. Mucina).

FA04J (QUI-04J) Rhamno graecae-Juniperion lyciae M. Costa et al. 1984

Aegeo-Anatolian and Cypriotic low-grown coastal garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhamno graecae-Juniperion lyciae M. Costa et al. 1984

Synonyms

FA04K (QUI-04K) Phlomido fruticosae-Euphorbion dendroidis Mucina et Dimopoulos in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermomediterranean calcicolous garrigue on steep coastal slopes of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phlomido fruticosae-Euphorbion dendroidis Mucina et Dimopoulos in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

qui11 | The Phlomido fruticosae-Euphorbion dendroidis is herein formally described to accommodate thermo-mediterranean garrigue on highly inclined or steep coastal slopes of calcareous soils in the Eastern Mediterranean. The Euphorbia dendroides communities of Hellas (including the Aegean archipelago and Crete) and of the Eastern Mediterranean differ markedly from similar communities from Spain, France, Italy and Croatia (see Eichberger 2001, 2003 for the latest syntaxonomic synthesis); the latter vegetation (including Euphorbia dendroides dominated communities form the Western Mediterranean) has been classified in the Oleo-Ceratonion siliquae. We assign the Phlomido fruticosae-Euphorbietum dendroidis Eichberger 2001 (Eichberger 2001: 193, Tab. 2) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Phlomido fruticosae-Euphorbion dendroidis and list Asparagus aphyllus, Ballota acetabulosa, Ephedra foeminea, Euphorbia dendroides, Phlomis fruticosa and Salvia fruticosa as the diagnostic species of the new alliance. (L. Mucina, P. Dimopoulos).

FA04L (QUI-04L) Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci Zohary et Orshan 1959

Thermomediterranean sclerophyllous evergreen macchia of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ceratonio-Pistacion lentisci Zohary et Orshan 1959

Synonyms

FA04M (QUI-04M) Pistacio terebinthi-Rhamnion alaterni Barbero et Quézel 1975

Mesomediterranean sclerophyllous garrigue of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pistacio terebinthi-Rhamnion alaterni Barbero et Quézel 1975

Synonyms

FB (ROS) Ononido-Rosmarinetea Br.-Bl. in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

Mediterranean scrub (tomillar, espleguer, romeral, garrigue, phrygana, batha) on base-rich substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ononido-Rosmarinetea Br.-Bl. in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

Synonyms

Remark

ros01 | The geographic-ecological asymmetry (two classes in the Western Mediterranean vs one class in the Eastern Mediterranean) is not acceptable and could lead either to the description of yet another class (on siliceous substrates) in the Eastern Mediterranean, or the dissolution of the Cisto-Micromerietea into the Rosmarinetea and Cisto-Lavanduletea. We suggest that Barbero & Quézel's (1989) claim that it would not be possible to distinguish two different classes (based on geochemistry of soil controlling two different species pools) in the Eastern Mediterranean could be due to the poor data then (in 1989) at their disposal. .

FB01 (ROS-01) Rosmarinetalia officinalis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Western Mediterranean thermo-supramediterranean dry-subhumid calcicolous scrub (tomillar, garrigue and matorral)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rosmarinetalia officinalis Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1934

Synonyms

FB01A (ROS-01A) Lavandulo latifoliae-Genistion boissieri Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969

Betic (Southern Iberian) meso-supramediterranean calcicolous tomillar and matorral

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lavandulo latifoliae-Genistion boissieri Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969

Synonyms

FB01B (ROS-01B) Eryngio trifidi-Ulicion erinacei Rothmaler 1943

Thermo-mesomediterranean calcicolous scrub of the humid-perhumid regions of Southern Portugal and southwestern Spain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eryngio trifidi-Ulicion erinacei Rothmaler 1943

Synonyms

FB01C (ROS-01C) Ulici densi-Thymion sylvestris (Capelo et al. 1993) J.C. Costa et al. 2009

Thermo-mesomediterranean tomillar on eroded calcareous soils of the subhumid to humid Sadensean-Divinding regions of Portugal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulici densi-Thymion sylvestris (Capelo et al. 1993) J.C. Costa et al. 2009

Synonyms

FB01D (ROS-01D) Sideritido incanae-Salvion lavandulifoliae (Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969) Izco et Molina 1989

Central Iberian continental meso-supramediterranean calcicolous garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sideritido incanae-Salvion lavandulifoliae (Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969) Izco et Molina 1989

Synonyms

FB01E (ROS-01E) Helianthemo italici-Aphyllanthion monspeliensis Díez Garretas et al. 1998

Meso-supramediterranean dry-subhumid calciphilous scrub (espleguer and salviar) of the northeastern Iberian Peninsula and southeastern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helianthemo italici-Aphyllanthion monspeliensis Díez Garretas et al. 1998

Synonyms

FB01F (ROS-01F) Rosmarinion officinalis Molinier 1934

Catalonian, Balearic and Provencal thermo- to supramediterranean semiarid to subhumid coastal calciphilous tomillar

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rosmarinion officinalis Molinier 1934

Synonyms

FB01G (ROS-01G) Hypericion ericoidis Esteve ex M. Costa et Peris 1985

Manchego-Murcian (Iberian Peninsula) thermomediterranean tomillar on calcareous and dolomitic lithosols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hypericion ericoidis Esteve ex M. Costa et Peris 1985

Synonyms

FB01H (ROS-01H) Hypericion balearici O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1958

Balearic thermo-mesomediterranean garrigue on calcareous and dolomitic lithosol

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hypericion balearici O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1958

Synonyms

FB01I (ROS-01I) Cisto cretici-Genistion corsicae Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1991

Cyrno-Sardean thermomediterranean garrigue on deep brown soils and terra rossa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto cretici-Genistion corsicae Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1991

Synonyms

FB01J (ROS-01J) Polygalo-Seslerion insularis Arrigoni ex Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1986

Sardinian mesomediterranean calcicolous garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygalo-Seslerion insularis Arrigoni ex Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1986

Synonyms

FB02 (ROS-02) Erinaceetalia anthyllidis Quézel 1953

Oromediterranean and upper supramediterranean hedgehog scrub of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula) and the North African Atlas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erinacetalia anthyllidis Quézel 1953

Synonyms

FB02A (ROS-02A) Xeroacantho-Erinaceion (Quézel 1953) O. de Bolòs 1967

Oromediterranean and upper supramediterranean hedgehog scrub of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula) and the North African Atlas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Xeroacantho-Erinaceion (Quézel 1953) O. de Bolòs 1967

Synonyms

FB03 (ROS-03) Gypsophiletalia Bellot et Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957

Central and Southern Iberian thermo-to supramediterranean gypsicolous tomillar

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gypsophiletalia Bellot et Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957

Synonyms

FB03A (ROS-03A) Lepidion subulati Bellot et Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957

Central Iberian and Almerian thermo-to supramediterranean gypsicolous tomillar

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lepidion subulati Bellot et Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957

Synonyms

FB03B (ROS-03B) Thymo-Teucrion verticillati Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957

Alicanto-Murcian (Iberian) thermo-mesomediterranean semiarid gypsicolous tomillar

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thymo-Teucrion verticillati Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1957

Synonyms

FB04 (ROS-04) Anthyllidetalia terniflorae Rivas Goday et al. in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961

Infra-mesomediterranean tomillar on heavy clayey-loamy soils of the arid and semiarid regions of the Southern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthyllidetalia terniflorae Rivas Goday et al. in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961

Synonyms

FB04A (ROS-04A) Thymo-Sideritidion leucanthae O. de Bolòs 1957

Murciano-Almerian (Southern Iberian) infra-thermomediterranean tomillar on calcareous marl substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thymo-Sideritidion leucanthae O. de Bolòs 1957

Synonyms

FB04B (ROS-04B) Anthyllido terniflorae-Salsolion papillosae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1968

Almerian (Southern Iberian) infra-thermomediterranean tomillar on ultramafic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthyllido terniflorae-Salsolion papillosae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1968

Synonyms

FB04C (ROS-04C) Sideritidion bourgaeanae Peinado et Martínez-Parras in Peinado et al. 1992

Manchego-Murcian (Iberian) thermo-mesomediterranean tomillar on calcareous and dolomitic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sideritidion bourgaeanae Peinado et Martínez-Parras in Peinado et al. 1992

Synonyms

FB05 (ROS-05) Convolvuletalia boissieri Rivas-Mart. et al. ex Díez et Asensi 1994

Betic (Southern Iberian) endemic thermo- to oromediterranean tomillar on dolomitic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Convolvuletalia boissieri Rivas-Mart. et al. ex Díez et Asensi 1994

Synonyms

FB05A (ROS-05A) Andryalion agardhii Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas Goday et Mayor 1966

Betic (Southern Iberian) supra-oromediterranean pulvinate tomillar on dolomitic lithosols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Andryalion agardhii Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas Goday et Mayor 1966

Synonyms

FB05B (ROS-05B) Lavandulion lanatae (Martínez-Parras et al. 1984) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Betic (Southern Iberian) thermo- to supramediterranean tomillar on dolomitic lithosols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lavandulion lanatae (Martínez-Parras et al. 1984) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

FB06 (ROS-06) Cisto-Micromerietalia julianae Oberd. 1954

Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana of the continental Hellas and the Adriatic and Ionian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto-Micromerietalia julianae Oberd. 1954

Synonyms

Remark

ros06 | Brullo et al. (1997) published the most comprehensive syntaxonomic synthesis of the Eastern Mediterranean phrygana to date. A preliminary numerical-syntaxonomic analysis (L. Mucina, unpubl.) of the material presented in the latter paper suggests, however, a different syntaxonomic scheme: (1) the floristic differentiation between the Cisto-Ericetalia Horvatić 1958 and the Cisto-Micromerietalia julianae Oberd. 1954 was not supported by the data; (2) given similarity shown between the Southern Aegean, Southern Anatolian, Cypriotic and North African phrygana, consideration of combining them into a single order in their own right is warranted, and (3) the latter order was shown as floristically very different from the syntaxonomic concept of the Poterietalia spinosi Eig 1939 (Sarcopoterietalia spinosi Eig 1939 nom. mut. propos.: the proposal of the name change was published by Brullo et al. 1997: 32) and it was obviously premature to use it for the Aegean-Anatolian (as well Cyrenaican) distribution areas of the Cisto-Micromerietea. As Zohary & Orshan (1966: 28) pointed out, the Poterietalia spinosi Eig 1939 is a different unit from that which they described from Crete under the name 'Poterietalia spinosi intermedia'. (L. Mucina).

FB06A (ROS-06A) Cisto cretici-Ericion manipuliflorae Horvatić 1958

Thermomediterranean calcicolous garrigue of the Dalmatian and Istrian Adriatic seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto cretici-Ericion manipuliflorae Horvatić 1958

Synonyms

Remark

ros07 | Biondi's (2000) paper, where this alliance was classified within the Cisto-Micromerietea while the other alliance (the Cisto eriocephali-Ericion multiflorae Biondi 2000) was classified within the Rosmarinetea, is not conclusive. (L. Mucina).

FB06B (ROS-06B) Cisto eriocephali-Ericion multiflorae Biondi 2000

Thermo-mesomediterranean calcicolous garrigue of the central and southern regions of the Adriatic and Ionian seaboards of the Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto eriocephali-Ericion multiflorae Biondi 2000

Synonyms

FB06C (ROS-06C) Micromerion Oberd. 1954

Meso-supramediterranean calcicolous phrygana of Northern Hellas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Micromerion Oberd. 1954

Synonyms

FB06D (ROS-06D) Dorycnio-Coridothymion capitati (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997

Thermomediterranean calcicolous phrygana of Northern Hellas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dorycnio-Coridothymion capitati (Oberd. 1954) S. Brullo et al. 1997

Synonyms

FB07 (ROS-07) Hyperico empetrifolii-Genistetalia acanthocladae Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana of the southern regions of the Aegean, Crete, Cyprus, the Southern Anatolian seaboards and Cyrenaica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico empetrifolii-Genistetalia acanthocladae Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

ros08 | This vegetation has been previously classified in the Poterietalia spinosi Eig 1939 (see Remark mic02) but it deserves a status of order in its own right. Here we formally describe this order and designate the name Hyperico empetrifolii-Micromerion graecae Barbero et Quézel 1989 as the holotypus (hoc loco; Barbero & Quézel 1989: 44, 58) of the new order. The diagnostic taxa of the Hyperico empetrifolii-Genistetalia acanthocladae are: Anthyllis hermanniae, Asperula pubescens, Carlina tragacanthifolia, Cynara cyrenaica, Euphorbia acanthothamnos, Genista acanthoclada, Helichrysum stoechas subsp. barrelieri, H. sanguineum, Hypericum empetrifolium, Hypericum thymifolium, Lithodora hispidula, Micromeria myrtifolia, Nepeta vivianii, Ononis spinosa subsp. antiquorum, Origanum syriacum, Phlomis floccosa, P. lanata, P. viscosa, Salvia fruticosa, Sarcopoterium spinosum, Scorzonera cretica, Stachys distans, S. tournefortii, Teucrium barbeyanum, T. divaricatum, T. microphyllum and T. micropodioides. (L. Mucina).

FB07A (ROS-07A) Hyperico empetrifolii-Micromerion graecae Barbero et Quézel 1989

Thermo- to supramediterranean calcicolous phrygana of the central and southern regions of Hellas, the Aegean region and Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico empetrifolii-Micromerion graecae Barbero et Quézel 1989

Synonyms

FB07B (ROS-07B) Origano syriaci-Hypericion thymifolii Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermomediterranean calcicolous phrygana of Southern Anatolia and the Levante

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Origano syriaci-Hypericion thymifolii Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

ros10 | This new name replaces the unfortunate Helichryso sanguinei-Origanion syriaci Barbero et Quézel 1989 which, because of the erroneous choice of the type, should be deemed a nomen dubium (see Remark mic09). The holotypus (hoc loco) of this alliance is the Hyparrhenio-Thymbretum spicatae (Barbero & Quézel 1989: 47, 58) and the diagnostic species of the alliance are Globularia trichosantha, Helichrysum sanguineum, Hypericum thymifolium, H. triquetrifolium, Micromeria myrtifolia, Nepeta curviflora, Onosma bornmuelleri, O. gigantea, Origanum laevigatum, O. syriacum, Phlomis viscosa, Polygala supina, Salvia aramiensis, Stachys distans and Teucrium kotschyanum. (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

FB07C (ROS-07C) Sarcopoterio spinosi-Genistion fasselatae M. Costa et al. 1984

Thermo-mesomediterranean phrygana on sandy and loamy soils of Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sarcopoterio spinosi-Genistion fasselatae M. Costa et al. 1984

Synonyms

FC (LAV) Cisto-Lavanduletea stoechadis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Mediterranean scrub (jaral, matorral, garrigue, phrygana) on acidic siliceous and ultramafic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto-Lavanduletea stoechadis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Synonyms

Remark

lav01 | In Europe, this class encompasses three orders, the Lavanduletalia stoechadis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940, the Stauracantho genistoidis-Halimietalia commutati Rivas-Mart. et al. 199 and a new order − the Lavandulo stoechadi-Hypericetalia olympici (see below). A fourth order (Halimietalia riphaeo-atlantici Quézel et al. 1988) is known from Morocco. (L. Mucina).

FC01 (LAV-01) Lavanduletalia stoechadis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Western Mediterranean garrigue and other scrub on hard acidic siliceous and ultramafic bedrocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lavanduletalia stoechadis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Synonyms

FC01A (LAV-01A) Cistion laurifolii Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1956

Meso-supramediterranean acidophilous jarales and cantuesales of the north-central regions of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cistion laurifolii Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et al. 1956

Synonyms

FC01B (LAV-01B) Staehelino-Ulicion baetici Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969

Betic (Southern Iberian) thermo- to supramediterranean ultramafic garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Staehelino-Ulicion baetici Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969

Synonyms

FC01C (LAV-01C) Ulici argentei-Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. et al. 1964

Southern Iberian and Moroccan thermo-mesomediterranean xeric silicicolous garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulici argentei-Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. et al. 1964

Synonyms

FC01D (LAV-01D) Quercion fruticosae Rothmaler 1954

Southwestern Iberian and North African coastal matorral on oligotrophic palaeo-podzolic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Quercion fruticosae Rothmaler 1954

Synonyms

Remark

lav03 | The name 'Frutici-Quercion' was published on p. 597 in Rothmaler (1954) where he classified two associations: the 'Frutici-Quercetum taganum' and the 'Frutici-Quercetum boivinii'; both were validly published (see the synoptic Table 1 in Rothmaler l.c.). However, the names of the associations and of the alliance have to be corrected as per ICPN art. 14 because there is no genus named 'Frutex'. Therefore, the validly published, corrected name for the alliance should read: Quercion fruticosae Rothmaler 1954. (J.-P. Theurillat).

FC01E (LAV-01E) Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. ex A. Bolòs et O. Bolòs in A. Bolòs 1950

Thermomediterranean acidophilous coastal garrigue of the northwestern Tyrrhenian and Ligurian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cistion ladaniferi Br.-Bl. ex A. Bolòs et O. Bolòs in A. Bolòs 1950

Synonyms

FC01F (LAV-01F) Calicotomo villosae-Genistion tyrrhenae Biondi 2000

Thermomediterranean acidophilous coastal garrigue of the southwestern Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calicotomo villosae-Genistion tyrrhenae Biondi 2000

Synonyms

FC01G (LAV-01G) Teucrion mari (Gamisans et Muracciole 1984) Biondi et Mossa 1992

Cyrno-Sardean thermo-mesomediterranean acidophilous garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Teucrion mari (Gamisans et Muracciole 1984) Biondi et Mossa 1992

Synonyms

FC01H (LAV-01H) Armerio sardoae-Genistion salzmannii Arrigoni 1986

Sardinian supramediterranean silicicolous garrigue

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerio sardoae-Genistion salzmannii Arrigoni 1986

Synonyms

Remark

lav05 | Biondi (2000) suggested including this syntaxon within the Teucrion mari. (L. Mucina).

FC02 (LAV-02) Stauracantho genistoidis-Halimietalia commutati Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990

Lusitano-Andalusian and Northern Moroccan thermo-mesomediterranean sandy scrub on acidic palaeodunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stauracantho genistoidis-Halimietalia commutati Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990

Synonyms

FC02A (LAV-02A) Coremation albi Rothmaler 1943

Lusitano-Andalusian and Northern Moroccan thermo-mesomediterranean sandy scrub on acidic palaeodunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Coremation albi Rothmaler 1943

Synonyms

FC03 (LAV-03) Lavandulo stoechadis-Hypericetalia olympici Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Eastern Mediterranean garrigue and phrygana on acidic siliceous and ultramafic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lavandulo stoechadis-Hypericetalia olympici Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

lav07 | This order accommodates the EasternMediterranean shrublands over siliceous and ultramafic substrates. The diagnostic taxa of the order are Alkanna stribrnyi, Cistus albidus, C. creticus subsp. creticus, Dianthus pinifolius, Genista carinalis, Hypericum olympicum, Iris suaveolens, Lavandula stoechas, Silene paradoxa and Stachys angustifolia and those of the subordinate alliances. The Hyperico olympici-Cistion cretici (Oberd. 1954) R. Jahn et Bergmeier in Mucina et al. 2009 (Mucina et al. 2009, Lazaroa 30: 273–274) is the holotypus (hoc loco) of this neworder. (L. Mucina)

FC03A (LAV-03A) Hyperico olympici-Cistion cretici (Oberd. 1954) R. Jahn et Bergmeier in Mucina et al. 2009

Thermo-mesomediterranean silicicolous phrygana of Northern Hellas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico olympici-Cistion cretici (Oberd. 1954) R. Jahn et Bergmeier in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

Remark

lav11 | The alliance Genistion lydiae Kunev et al. 2020 described from Bulgaria is similar to Hyperico olympici-Cistion cretici. However, according to the assessment by the European Vegetation Classification Committee, its syntaxonomical status and position in higher syntaxa is unclear and requires further study (W. Willner).

FC03B (LAV-03B) Odontarrheno euboeae-Lavandulion stoechadis Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermo-mesomediterranean ultramafic phrygana of the Sterea Hellas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Odontarrheno euboeae-Lavandulion stoechadis Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

lav09 | Brullo et al. (1997: 34-35) described the Alyssion euboaei, an alliance that was typified by a very dubious ‘forest’ association (see Mucina & Dimopoulos 2000 for details), rendering their alliance name (and concept) a nomen dubium. Here I suggest that the phrygana on ultramafic substrates studied for instance, by Krause et al. (1963) and L. Mucina (unpubl.), is floristically, ecologically and biogeographically different (high number of local ultramafic endemics) and deserves recognition as an alliance in its own right. Therefore, I introduce the name Odontarrheno euboeae-Lavandulion stoechadis all. nov. hoc loco and I typify this alliance by assigning the Fumano pintazii-Lavanduletum stoechadis Mucina et Dimopoulos ass. nov. hoc loco as the holotypus hoc loco. The holotypus (hoc loco) of the latter association is the following relevé extracted from my unpublished report: Hellas, Evvia (Euboea) Island, Limni, SE of town, 20 June 1999 (rel. made by L. Mucina; the sampling scale used: Barkman et al. 1964); alt. 535 m, aspect: 33°, slope: 30°, vegetation cover: 100%; cover litter: 95%; dense phrygana/garrigue on ultramafic peridotite. Lavandula stoechas 2b, Sarcopoterium spinosum 2b, Fumana pinatzii 2m, Hypochaeris achyrophorus 2m, Linum strictum 2m, Trachynia distachya 2m, Anthyllis hermanniae 1, Centaurea laureotica 1, Alyssum euboeum 1, Filago gallica 1, Misopates orontium 1, Aira elegantissima +, Allium sp. +, Asterolinon linum-stellatum +, Carlina corymbosa +, Convolvulus elegantissimus +, Hypericum empetrifolium +, Jurinea consanguinea +, Phillyrea latifolia +, Helictochloa bromoides +, Sarcopoterium spinosum +, Teucrium capitatum +, Thesium bergeri +, Thymelaea tartonraira +, Alkanna graeca subsp. baeotica r. This alliance encompasses the ultramafic phrygana of Evvia Island as well as the adjacent mainland of the Sterea Hellas region. The diagnostic species of the alliance are Alkanna graeca subsp. baeotica, Alyssum densistellatum, Centaurea ebenoides, C. laureotica, Erica manipuliflora, Fumana pinatzii, Hypericum empetrifolium, Jurinea consanguinea, Lavandula stoechas, Odontarrhena euboea, Onosma graeca, Thymus atticus and T. teucrioides subsp. candilicus. (L. Mucina).

FC03C (LAV-03C) Helichryso barrelieri-Phagnalion graeci (Barbero et Quézel 1989) R. Jahn in Mucina et al. 2009

Thermo-mesomediterranean silicicolous phrygana of Southern Hellas, the central and southern Aegean archipelago and adjacent Anatolia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helichryso barrelieri-Phagnalion graeci (Barbero et Quézel 1989) R. Jahn in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

Remark

lav10 | For details on the nomenclature see Mucina et al. (2009). (L. Mucina).

FD (NER) Nerio-Tamaricetea Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Circummediterranean and Macaronesian riparian scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nerio-Tamaricetea Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

FD01 (NER-01) Tamaricetalia africanae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Circummediterranean and Macaronesian riparian scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricetalia africanae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

Remark

ner01 | Besides the alliances listed in this survey, this order also contains the Tamaricion nilotico-articulatae of North Africa (see de Foucault et al. 2012). (L. Mucina).

FD01A (NER-01A) Tamaricion africanae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Infra- to supramediterranean tamarisk riparian scrub in temporarily flooded freshwater habitats of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricion africanae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

FD01B (NER-01B) Tamaricion boveano-canariensis Izco et al. 1984

Infra- to supramediterranean tamarisk riparian scrub in temporarily flooded brackish habitats of the Western Mediterranean and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricion boveano-canariensis Izco et al. 1984

Synonyms

FD01C (NER-01C) Rubo ulmifolii-Nerion oleandri O. de Bolòs 1985

Thermo- to supramediterranean oleander riparian scrub of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rubo ulmifolii-Nerion oleandri O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

FD01D (NER-01D) Securinegion buxifoliae Rivas Goday ex López Sáez et Velasco-Negueruela 1995

Luso-Estremadurean (Iberian Peninsula) thermo-mesomediterranean riparian thorny tamujal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Securinegion buxifoliae Rivas Goday ex López Sáez et Velasco-Negueruela 1995

Synonyms

FD01E (NER-01E) Tamaricion dalmaticae Jasprica in Jasprica, Kovačić & Ruščić 2016

Thermo-mesomediterranean tamarisk scrub of the Balkan Adriatic seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricion dalmaticae Jasprica in Jasprica, Kovačić & Ruščić 2016

Synonyms

FD01F (NER-01F) Rubo sancti-Nerion oleandri Brullo et al. 2004

Thermomediterranean oleander riparian scrub of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rubo sancti-Nerion oleandri Brullo et al. 2004

Synonyms

FE (CYT) Cytisetea scopario-striati Rivas-Mart. 1974

Mediterranean and (sub)atlantic temperate broomy scrub (retamal, piornal, escobonal) seral to forests on acidic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytisetea scopario-striati Rivas-Mart. 1974

Synonyms

FE01 (CYT-01) Cytisetalia scopario-striati Rivas-Mart. 1974

Western and Central Mediterranean thermo- to supramediterranean and submediterranean broomy cytisoid scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytisetalia scopario-striati Rivas-Mart. 1974

Synonyms

FE01A (CYT-01A) Ulici europaei-Cytision striati Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Cantabro-Atlantic and Lusitanian submediterranean and meso-supramediterranean subhumid to hyperhumid broomy heath

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulici europaei-Cytision striati Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Synonyms

FE01B (CYT-01B) Genistion floridae Rivas-Mart. 1974

Western Iberian upper meso-supramediterranean and submediterranean subhumid-humid genistoid retamal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genistion floridae Rivas-Mart. 1974

Synonyms

FE01C (CYT-01C) Cytision multiflori Rivas-Mart. 1974

Western Iberian supramediterranean subhumid-hyperhumid silicicolous broomy genistoid retamal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytision multiflori Rivas-Mart. 1974

Synonyms

FE01D (CYT-01D) Retamion monospermae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó in Rivas-Mart et al. 2002

Lusitano-Andalusian and Ibero-Tingitanian seral broomy scrub on deep littoral soils and palaeodune regosols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Retamion monospermae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó in Rivas-Mart et al. 2002

Synonyms

FE01E (CYT-01E) Retamion sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart. 1981

Ibero-Lusitanian thermo- to supramediterranean semiarid continental semiarid retamal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Retamion sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart. 1981

Synonyms

FE01F (CYT-01F) Adenocarpion decorticantis (Rivas-Mart. et F. Valle ex F. Valle 1985) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Upper meso- to oromediterranean silicicolous retamoid scrub of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adenocarpion decorticantis (Rivas-Mart. et F. Valle ex F. Valle 1985) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

FE01G (CYT-01G) Violo messanensis-Adenocarpion complicati Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Siculo-Calabrian meso-supramediterranean broom heath

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violo messanensis-Adenocarpion complicati Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cyt02 | The name Violion messanensis (see Barbagallo et al. 1982) should be considered illegitimate since the eponymous taxon (Viola bertolonii subsp. messanensis) is a herb while the plant community is dominated by shrubs and dwarf shrubs. Here we follow Brullo & Furnari's (in Barbagallo et al. 1982) choice of the type for the aliance and designate the Centaureo-Adenocarpetum intermedii S. Brullo et Furnari in Barbagallo et al. 1982 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Violo messanensis-Adenocarpion intermedii. The character taxa of this new alliance include: Adenocarpus complicatus subsp. complicatus, Micromeria graeca subsp. tenuifolia, Polygala alpestris subsp. angelisii, Thymus longicaulis and Viola bertolonii subsp. messanensis. (L. Mucina).

FE02 (CYT-02) Cytiso villosi-Telinetalia monspessulanae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Aljibic, Tyrrhenian and Catalonian thermo-mesomediterranean subhumid-humid silicicolous genistoid retamal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytiso villosi-Telinetalia monspessulanae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

FE02A (CYT-02A) Telinion monspessulano-linifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Aljibic, Tyrrhenian and Catalonian thermo-mesomediterranean subhumid-humid silicicolous genistoid retamal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Telinion monspessulano-linifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

FE02B (CYT-02B) Genisto spartioidis-Phlomidion almeriensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969

Almerian (Southern Iberian) infra- to mesomediterranean semiarid-arid retamoid scrub on calcareous and ultramafic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genisto spartioidis-Phlomidion almeriensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1969

Synonyms

FE02C (CYT-02C) Genisto scorpii-Retamion sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Ibero-Levantine thermo-mesomediterranean (rarely also supramediterranean) semiarid-subhumid retamal on calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genisto scorpii-Retamion sphaerocarpae Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

FE02D (CYT-02D) Genistion specioso-equisetiformis Rivas-Mart. et F. Valle in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Betic (Southern Iberian) thermo-mesomediterranean arid-subhumid genistoid retamal on calcareous and ultramafic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genistion specioso-equisetiformis Rivas-Mart. et F. Valle in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

FE03 (CYT-03) Spartio juncei-Cytisetalia scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Temperate (sub)atlantic broom heath of Western Europe and the Southern European peninsulas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartio juncei-Cytisetalia scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cyt03 | This unit, described here as a new order, the Spartio juncei-Cytisetalia scoparii (holotypus hoc loco: Sarothamnion scoparii Oberd. 1957) is a cool-temperate and submediterranean analogon of the Cytisetalia scopario-striati. It comprises species-poorer communities of three alliances (Sarothamnion scoparii Oberd. 1957, Cytision oromediterraneo-scoparii Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002 and Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2015). These communities lack the core stock of the mediterranean retamoid and genistoid broom taxa. The character species of this order include: Cytisus scoparius, Erica scoparia and Spartium junceum. A detailed syntaxonomic delimitation of the temperate and mediterranean Cytisetea scopario-strati will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

FE03A (CYT-03A) Sarothamnion scoparii Oberd. 1957

Acidophilous broom and gorse mantle on forest edges and in forest clearings of the (sub)atlantic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sarothamnion scoparii Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

FE03B (CYT-03B) Cytision oromediterraneo-scoparii Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Auverno-Pyreneean suboceanic temperate humid-hyperhumid silicicolous broomy heath and forest mantle

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytision oromediterraneo-scoparii Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

FE03C (CYT-03C) Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Apennine broomy heath vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cyt04 | Agnolioni et al. (2007) recognised that the Ligurian and Tuscan Italian broom scrub cannot be classified within the Telinion monspessulano-linifoliae (see Vagge et al. 2004) and decided to place them within the Sarothamnion scoparii and classify this alliance within the Cytisetalia scopario-striati (Cytisetea scopario-striati). This step was taken earlier also by Passarge (1978: 174). We share their opinion only to a certain extent and suggest that the Erica-Cytisus broom heath of submediterranean Italy should constitute an alliance in its own right, which we call here the Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii (holotypus hoc loco: Adenocarpo complicati-Cytisetum scoparii Blasi, Cavaliere, Abbate et Scoppola 1990; Blasi et al. 1990: Tab. 2) and designate Adenocarpos complicatus, Erica scoparia, Cytisus scoparius, C. villosus and Genista desoleana as (regional) character species of this new alliance. The Erico scopariae-Cytision scoparii further differs from its cool temperate counterpart Sarothamnion scoparii Oberd. 1957 by the occurrence of a set of species considered differential (against the Cytision scoparii), originating from the neighbouring mediterranean shrublands and woodlands. These species include Arbutus unedo, Asphodelus ramosus, Castanea sativa, Cistus incanus, C. salviifolius, Dioscorea vulgaris, Dorycnium hirsutum, Erica arborea, Helichrysum italicum, Pinus pinaster, Pulicaria odora, Quercus cerris, Q. ilex and Rubus ulmifolius. (L. Mucina).

FF (LYG) Lygeo sparti-Stipetea tenacissimae Rivas-Mart. 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Circum-mediterranean pseudosteppes on calcareous rocky substrates and relict edaphic steppes on deep clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lygeo sparti-Stipetea tenacissimae Rivas-Mart. 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

lyg01 | If we consider the name Thero-Brachypodietea as a nomen ambiguum, the name 'Lygeo sparti-Stipetea tenacissimae' deserves to be conserved as the correct and current name of this class. (L. Mucina).

FF01 (LYG-01) Cymbopogono-Brachypodietalia ramosi Horvatić 1963

Circum-mediterranean thermo- to supramediterranean pseudosteppes on sandy-loamy soils over calcareous bedrocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymbopogono-Brachypodietalia ramosi Horvatić 1963

Synonyms

FF01A (LYG-01A) Phlomido lychnitis-Brachypodion retusi Mateo ex Theurillat et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Western Mediterranean thermo- to supramediterranean semiarid pseudosteppes on calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phlomido lychnitis-Brachypodion retusi Mateo ex Theurillat et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

lyg05 | The Teucrio pseudochamaepityos-Brachypodion retusi Br.-Bl. ex Rivas-Mart. 2011 (see Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 286) is an invalid name because the type of the name was invalidly published. Indeed, the new name ‘Irido chamaeirido-Brachypodietum retusi (Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl., Roussine & Nègre 1952) Rivas-Mart. 2011’ (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 287) should have been published simply as a change of rank. Rivas-Martínez et al. (l.c.) attempted description (‘ass. nov.’) of the latter unit however, they assigned the synoptic relevé for the subassociation ‘crucianelletosum’ as the ‘type’ of the association. Hence the typification was performed invalidly since only a relevé can serve a type in this context. Because there is apparently no validly published name for the ‘Thero-Brachypodion Br.-Bl. 1925’, here we propose validation of the Phlomidi lychnitis-Brachypodion retusi Mateo 1983 nom. inval. (Mateo 1983) and select the Phlomido lychnitis-Brachypodietum retusi Br.-Bl. 1925 (Braun-Blanquet 1925: 304-320) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. The diagnostic taxa of this alliance are: Acis valentina, Allium chamaemoly, A. moschatum, Arenaria valentina, Asphodelus ramosus, Astragalus verrucosus, Biarum dispar, Brachypodium retusum, Carlina corymbosa, Charybdis maritima, C. numidica, C. undulata, Dactylis hispanica, Dorycnium pentaphyllum, Eryngium dilatatum, Helictochloa bromoides, Iris lutescens, Ophrys bombyliflora, O. lutea subsp. galilaea, O. lutea subsp. lutea, O. tenthredinifera, Pancratium illyricum, Phlomis lychnitis, Reichardia picroides, Stipa offneri, S. pauneroana, Teucrium pseudochamaepitys and Trisetum flavescens subsp. splendens. (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

FF01B (LYG-01B) Triseto velutini-Brachypodion boissieri Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Southern Iberian thermo- to supramediterranean perennial pseudosteppes on dolomitic and ultramafic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Triseto velutini-Brachypodion boissieri Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

FF01C (LYG-01C) Festucion scariosae Martínez-Parras et al. 1984

Betic (Southern Iberian) upper meso-supramediterranean semiarid pseudosteppes on deep calcareous soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion scariosae Martínez-Parras et al. 1984

Synonyms

FF01D (LYG-01D) Stipion parviflorae De la Torre et al. 1996

Ibero-Levantine thermo- to supramediterranean subnitrophilous pseudosteppes on shallow calcareous soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipion parviflorae De la Torre et al. 1996

Synonyms

FF01E (LYG-01E) Leontodonto tuberosi-Bellion sylvestris Biondi et al. 2001

Thermo-mesomediterranean secondary pseudosteppes on deep calcareous soils of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leontodonto tuberosi-Bellion sylvestris Biondi et al. 2001

Synonyms

FF01F (LYG-01F) Reichardio maritimae-Dactylidion hispanicae Biondi et al. 2001

Thermomediterranean subhalophilous perennial grasslands in wind-swept habitats on calcareous soils of the Tyrrhenian, Ionian and Aegean coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Reichardio maritimae-Dactylidion hispanicae Biondi et al. 2001

Synonyms

FF01G (LYG-01G) Cymbopogono-Brachypodion ramosi Horvatić 1963

Thermo-mesomediterranean pseudosteppes on calcareous sandy soils of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymbopogono-Brachypodion ramosi Horvatić 1963

Synonyms

FF01H (LYG-01H) Hyparrhenion hirtae Br.-Bl. et al. 1956

Thermo-mesomediterranean pseudosteppes on calcareous sandy soils of the Western Mediterranean and southern regions of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyparrhenion hirtae Br.-Bl. et al. 1956

Synonyms

Remark

lyg10 | Here we follow the classification schemes for the Mediterranean Hyparrhenia-dominated communities (Díez Garretas & Asensi 1999; C. Brullo et al. 2010) suggesting fusion of the Hyparrhenion hirtae, Saturejo-Hyparrhenion hirtae, Aristido-Hyparrhenion and Panico repentis-Hyparrhenion into a single unit. (L. Mucina).

FF02 (LYG-02) Lygeo-Stipetalia tenacissimae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Relict Mediterranean edaphic steppes on deep clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lygeo-Stipetalia tenacissimae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

Remark

lyg12 | Unlike Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002b: 510; 2011: 286), who conceptually identified the Lygeo-Stipetalia with the Thero-Brachypodietalia (and suggested the latter name to be rejected as nomen ambiguum), we consider both orders as separate entities. We wish to underline here the ecological difference between these syntaxa and suggest that the Lygeo-Stipetalia is considered a unit of true (non-anthropogenic) relict (albeit edaphic) steppe communities, frequently found on specific, deep, clayey Miocene sediments forming 'Mediterranean badlands'. The remnants of such steppes remind us of the potentially larger distribution of such vegetation in the Mediterranean during the glacial maxima. (L. Mucina).

FF02A (LYG-02A) Agropyro pectinati-Lygeion sparti Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Relict Central Iberian edaphic steppes on deep clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyro pectinati-Lygeion sparti Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

FF02B (LYG-02B) Stipion tenacissimae Rivas-Mart. 1984

Relict Southern Iberian thermomediterranean edaphic steppes on deep loamy-clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipion tenacissimae Rivas-Mart. 1984

Synonyms

FF02C (LYG-02C) Moricandio-Lygeion sparti S. Brullo et al. 1990

Relict Southern Italian and Ionian thermo-mesomediterranean edaphic steppes on deep clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Moricandio-Lygeion sparti S. Brullo et al. 1990

Synonyms

FF02D (LYG-02D) Scorzonero creticae-Lygeion sparti S. Brullo et al. 2002

Relict Cretan thermomediterranean edaphic steppes on deep clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scorzonero creticae-Lygeion sparti S. Brullo et al. 2002

Synonyms

FG (SAC) Stipo giganteae-Agrostietea castellanae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Mediterranean thermo- to supramediterranean and humid submediterranean perennial acidophilous oligo-mesotrophic grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipo giganteae-Agrostietea castellanae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

FG01 (SAC-01) Agrostietalia castellanae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980

Iberian thermo- to supramediterranean perennial acidophilous oligo-mesotrophic pastures

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostietalia castellanae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1980

Synonyms

FG01A (SAC-01A) Festuco amplae-Agrostion castellanae Theurillat in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Ibero-Atlantic thermo- to supramediterranean acidophilous perennial grasslands on sandy-loamy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco amplae-Agrostion castellanae Theurillat in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

FG01B (SAC-01B) Festucion merinoi Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 corr. Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Western Ibero-Cantabrian supramediterranean subhumid-humid acidophilous pastures on humic brown soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion merinoi Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 corr. Rivas-Mart. et Sánchez-Mata in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

FG01C (SAC-01C) Agrostio castellanae-Stipion giganteae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. et Fernández-González 1991

Lusitano-Carpetanian thermo-to supramediterranean xeric-subhumid acidophilous pastures on sandy-loamy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostio castellanae-Stipion giganteae Rivas Goday ex Rivas-Mart. et Fernández-González 1991

Synonyms

FG02 (SAC-02) Parafestucetalia albidae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001

Silicicolous perennial grasslands on shallow andosols on rocky outcrops of the supratemperate hyperhumid regions of Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parafestucetalia albidae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001

Synonyms

FG02A (SAC-02A) Deschampsio maderensis-Parafestucion albidae Capelo et al. 2000

Silicicolous perennial grasslands on shallow andosols on rocky outcrops of the supratemperate hyperhumid regions of Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsio maderensis-Parafestucion albidae Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

FG03 (SAC-03) Armerietalia rumelicae V. Ranđelović et N. Ranđelović in V. Ranđelović et Zlatković ex Mucina et Čarni in Di Pietro et al. 2015

South-Central Balkan supratemperate submediterranean silicicolous perennial grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerietalia rumelicae V. Ranđelović et N. Ranđelović in V. Ranđelović et Zlatković ex Mucina et Čarni in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

FG03A (SAC-03A) Armerio rumelicae-Potentillion Micevski 1978

South-Central Balkan supratemperate submediterranean silicicolous perennial grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerio rumelicae-Potentillion Mitsevski 1978

Synonyms

FH (BUL) Poetea bulbosae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1978

Mediterranean and Magrebinian seasonal perennial and ephemeroid pastures in the thermo- to oromediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poetea bulbosae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1978

Synonyms

Remark

bul01 | This vegetation type has been well studied only on the Iberian Peninsula and our current knowledge of its geographic variability and extent remains only anecdotal in other parts of the Mediterranean. Besides Provence (Aubert & Loisel 1972) and Southern Italy (Brullo & Grillo 1978), the communities of this class have also been studied in Hellas (Oberdorfer 1954; L. Mucina, unpubl. data). (L. Mucina).

FH01 (BUL-01) Poetalia bulbosae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday et Ladero 1970

Mediterranean and Maghrebinian seasonal perennial and ephemeroid pastures in the thermo- to oromediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poetalia bulbosae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday et Ladero 1970

Synonyms

FH01A (BUL-01A) Trifolio subterranei-Periballion minutae Rivas Goday 1964

Central and Western Iberian heavily grazed seasonal perennial pastures on acidic substrates in the thermo- to oromediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio subterranei-Periballion minutae Rivas Goday 1964

Synonyms

FH01B (BUL-01B) Plantaginion serrariae Galán de Mera et al. 2000

Southern Iberian and Magrebinian seasonal perennial pastures on basic clayey soils in the thermo- and mesomediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantaginion serrariae Galán de Mera et al. 2000

Synonyms

FH01C (BUL-01C) Poo bulbosae-Astragalion sesamei Rivas Goday et Ladero 1970

Central and Eastern Iberian heavily grazed seasonal perennial pastures on calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poo bulbosae-Astragalion sesamei Rivas Goday et Ladero 1970

Synonyms

FH01D (BUL-01D) Ornithogalo corsici-Trifolion subterranei (Farris et al. 2013) Farris et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Sardinian meso-supramediterranean heavily grazed perennial sheep pastures

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ornithogalo corsici-Trifolion subterranei (Farris et al. 2013) Farris et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

bul04 | This syntaxon was described in great detail by Farris et al. (2013) and ranked as a new suballiance within the Periballio-Trifolion subterranei. Here we recognise the large floristic differences between the Periballio-Trifolion subterranei and the Ornithogalo corsici-Trifolenion subterranei (as already alluded to in Farris et al. 2013: 942) and up-rank the latter to the rank of alliance. We list Crocus minimus, Gagea bohemica, Morisia monanthos, Ornithogalum corsicum, Romulea requieni and Veronica verna subsp. brevistyla as the character-taxa of the new alliance; we also recognise the Ornithogalo corsici-Poetum bulbosae Farris et al. 2013 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. (E. Farris, L. Mucina).

FH01E (BUL-01E) Plantaginion cupanii S. Brullo et Grillo 1978

Siculo-Calabrian supramediterranean mesic seasonal perennial pastures on calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantaginion cupanii S. Brullo et Grillo 1978

Synonyms

FH01F (BUL-01F) Romuleion Oberd. 1954

Macedonian seasonal perennial pastures on acidic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Romuleion Oberd. 1954

Synonyms

FI (TUB) Helianthemetea guttati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

Mediterranean and submediterranean-atlantic annual low-grown ephemeral herb- and grass-rich vegetation on acidic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helianthemetea guttati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

Synonyms

FI01 (TUB-01) Helianthemetalia guttati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Mediterranean and submediterranean-atlantic inland ephemeral vegetation on nutrient-poor shallow acidic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helianthemetalia guttati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Synonyms

Remark

tub02 | Delimitation of this order against the Thero-Airetalia (Koelerio-Corynephoretea) needs further study since alliances such as the Molinerion laevis Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 and the Sedion pedicellato-andegavensis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986 show a high level of floristic similarity with the Thero-Airetalia. (J. Dengler).

FI01A (TUB-01A) Helianthemion guttati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Thermo- to supramediterranean therophytic pastures on nutrient-poor sandy soils of the Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helianthemion guttati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

Synonyms

FI01B (TUB-01B) Crassulo tillaeae-Sedion caespitosi de Foucault 1999

Thermo- to supramediterranean succulent herblands on nutrient-poor sandy soils of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crassulo tillaeae-Sedion caespitosi de Foucault 1999

Synonyms

FI01C (TUB-01C) Molinerion laevis Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Silicicolous meso- to oromediterranean therophytic late-flowering pastures of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Molinerion laevis Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

FI01D (TUB-01D) Sedion pedicellato-andegavensis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986

Meso- to oromediterranean succulent annual vegetation on fine gravels and granitic outcrops of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedion pedicellato-andegavensis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986

Synonyms

FI01E (TUB-01E) Trifolion cherleri Micevski 1972

Submediterranean silicicolous therophytic swards of Macedonia and Southern Bulgaria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion cherleri Micevski 1972

Synonyms

FI01F (TUB-01F) Sclerantho-Myosotidion incrassatae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Central and Eastern Mediterranean silicicolous supra-oromediterranean therophytic vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sclerantho-Myositidion incrassatae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

FI01G (TUB-01G) Thymion micantis J.C. Costa et al. 2005

Pioneer spring and early summer ephemeral vegetation on acidic oligotrophic shallow soils of Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thymion micantis J.C. Costa et al. 2005

Synonyms

FI01H (TUB-01H) Ornithopodo pinnati-Gaudinion coarctatae Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Pioneer spring and early summer ephemeral vegetation on acidic oligotrophic shallow soils of the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ornithopodo pinnati-Gaudinion coarctatae Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

FI02 (TUB-02) Vulpietalia Pignatti 1953

Mediterranean and Ibero-Atlantic ephemeral therophytic vegetation on coastal sand dunes under influence of salt spray

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vulpietalia Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

FI02A (TUB-02A) Linarion pedunculatae Díez Garretas et al. in Izco et al. 1988

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on coastal dunes of the Atlantic seaboards of Portugal, the Southern Iberian Peninsula and Western Maghreb

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linarion pedunculatae Díez Garretas et al. in Izco et al. 1988

Synonyms

FI02B (TUB-02B) Alkanno-Maresion nanae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963 corr. Díez Garretas et al. 2001

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on coastal dunes of the Northern Iberian Peninsula and the Ligurian-Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alkanno-Maresion nanae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963 corr. Díez Garretas et al. 2001

Synonyms

FI02C (TUB-02C) Psammo-Vulpion Pignatti 1953

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on coastal dunes along the northern seaboards of the Adriatic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Psammo-Vulpion Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

FI02D (TUB-02D) Vulpio-Lotion Horvatić 1963

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on the terra rossa and decalcified soils of the Illyrian-Dinaric coastal regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vulpio-Lotion Horvatić 1963

Synonyms

Remark

tub07 | The syntaxonomic relationship between this unit and the Psammo-Vulpion should be subject to further scrutiny. (L. Mucina).

FI02E (TUB-02E) Maresion nanae Géhu et al. 1987

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on coastal dunes of the Northern Aegean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Maresion nanae Géhu et al. 1987

Synonyms

FI02F (TUB-02F) Medicagini-Triplachnion nitentis Mayer 1995

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on sandy and gravelly beaches of the Southern Aegean region and Anatolia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Medicagini-Triplachnion nitentis Mayer 1995

Synonyms

FI02G (TUB-02G) Ononidion tournefortii Géhu et al. 1996

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on coastal sandy soils of the Canary Islands and southwestern Morocco

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ononidion tournefortii Géhu et al. 1996

Synonyms

FI03 (TUB-03) Malcolmietalia Rivas Goday 1958

Mediterranean ephemeral therophytic vegetation on near-coastal and inland deep sandy soils outside the salt-spray influence

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Malcolmietalia Rivas Goday 1958

Synonyms

FI03A (TUB-03A) Anthyllido hamosae-Malcolmion lacerae Rivas Goday 1958

Thermomediterranean sandy ephemeral therophytic vegetation on sandy soils of the western and southwestern regions of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthyllido hamosae-Malcolmion lacerae Rivas Goday 1958

Synonyms

FI03B (TUB-03B) Corynephoro articulati-Malcolmion patulae Rivas Goday 1958

Meso- to lower supramediterranean ephemeral therophytic vegetation on inland sand dunes of the Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Corynephoro articulati-Malcolmion patulae Rivas Goday 1958

Synonyms

FI03C (TUB-03C) Corynephorion maritimi Costa, Pinto-Gomes, Neto et Rivas-Mart. in J.C. Costa et al. 2012

Thermo- and lower mesomediterranean ephemeral therophytic vegetation on inland palaeodunes of the Lusitanian-Andalusian and Galician-Portuguese regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Corynephorion maritimi Costa, Pinto-Gomes, Neto et Rivas-Mart. in J.C. Costa et al. 2012

Synonyms

FI03E (TUB-03E) Filagini asterisciflorae-Linarion humilis Minissale et Sciandrello 2015

Thermomediterranean ephemeral therophytic vegetation on fossil dunes of Southern Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Filagini asterisciflorae-Linarion humilis Minissale et Sciandrello 2015

Synonyms

FJ (TRA) Stipo-Trachynietea distachyae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2001

Mediterranean calciphilous annual and ephemeroid swards and grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipo-Trachynietea distachyae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

Remark

tra01 | The therophyte-rich dwarf-herb and low-grass communities on calcareous substrates have been relatively well studied in the Western Mediterranean (including the Tyrrhenian region), but they remain only poorly known in the Eastern Mediterranean. Only recently have some alliances have been described from Italy (Vulpio ciliatae-Crepidion neglectae Poldini 1989, Hypochoeridion achyrophori Biondi et Guerra 2008), but their syntaxonomic relationship to the Western Mediterranean units remains unclear. We may presume that phytogeographic criteria may play a major role in the syntaxonomic subdivision of this order, yet how these vegetation types are differentiated along major environmental gradients is not well understood. (L. Mucina).

FJ01 (TRA-01) Brachypodietalia distachyi Rivas-Mart. 1978

Western Mediterranean ephemeral winter pastures on shallow sandy and loamy soils over limestone, dolomite and gypsum

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachypodietalia distachyi Rivas-Mart. 1978

Synonyms

FJ01A (TRA-01A) Trachynion distachyae Rivas-Mart. 1978

Western Mediterranean ephemeral winter pastures on shallow skeletal base-rich soils over calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trachynion distachyae Rivas-Mart. 1978

Synonyms

Remark

tra02 | Rivas-Martínez (1978b: 59, 64) explicitly cited 'Thero-Brachypodion (Trachynion) Br.-Bl. 1925 em.', however he has not cited 'Braun-Blanquet (1925)' in the references of his paper. (L. Mucina).

FJ01B (TRA-01B) Stipion retortae O. de Bolòs 1957

Western Mediterranean ephemeral winter pastures on loamy soils over calcareous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipion retortae O. de Bolòs 1957

Synonyms

FJ01C (TRA-01C) Sedo-Ctenopsion gypsophilae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Izco 1974

Iberian ephemeral winter pastures on gypsum substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo-Ctenopsion gypsophilae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Izco 1974

Synonyms

FJ01D (TRA-01D) Omphalodion commutatae Rivas-Mart., Izco et M. Costa ex Izco 1976 corr. Pérez Raya et al. 1991

Betic (Southern Iberian) ephemeral winter pastures on magnesitic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Omphalodion commutatae Rivas-Mart., Izco et M. Costa ex Izco 1976 corr. Pérez Raya et al. 1991

Synonyms

FJ02 (TRA-02) Ptilostemono stellati-Vulpietalia ciliatae Mucina ined.

Central and Eastern Mediterranean therophytic swards on shallow sandy and loamy soils over limestone and gypsum substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ptilostemono stellati-Vulpietalia ciliatae Mucina ined.

Synonyms

FJ02A (TRA-02A) Vulpio ciliatae-Crepidion neglectae Poldini 1989

Therophytic swards on disturbed calcareous rubble-rich shallow soils of the Adriatic and Ionian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vulpio ciliatae-Crepidion neglectae Poldini 1989

Synonyms

FJ02B (TRA-02B) Vulpion ligusticae Aubert et Loisel 1971

Therophytic grasslands on base-rich shallow soils of the Ligurian-Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Vulpion ligusticae Aubert et Loisel 1971

Synonyms

FJ02C (TRA-02C) Onobrychido-Ptilostemonion stellati S. Brullo et al. 2001

Therophytic calciphilous herb-rich swards of Calabria and Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onobrychido-Ptilostemonion stellati S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

Remark

tra05 | Brullo et al. (2001a) classified this unit within the Stipo-Bupleuretalia semicompositi. (L. Mucina).

FJ02D (TRA-02D) Xeranthemion annui Oberd. 1954

Therophyte-rich calciphilous swards in abandoned fields of the Northern Aegean seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Xeranthemion annui Oberd. 1954

Synonyms

FJ02E (TRA-02E) Diantho humilis-Velezion rigidae KorzhenevskII et Kliukin ex Didukh et Mucina 2014

Therophytic calciphilous swards of submediterranean Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diantho humilis-Velezion rigidae KorzhenevskII et Kliukin ex Didukh et Mucina 2014

Synonyms

FJ03 (TRA-03) Stipo-Bupleuretalia semicompositi S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2001

Southern Mediterranean xerophilous and subhalophilous therophytic swards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipo-Bupleuretalia semicompositi S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

Remark

tra06 | This order is closely related to the Saginetea maritimae and perhaps best treated in that class. (E. Bergmeier).

FJ03A (TRA-03A) Plantagini-Catapodion marini S. Brullo 1985

Tyrrhenian subhalophilous xerophilous therophytic swards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantagini-Catapodion marini S. Brullo 1985

Synonyms

FJ03B (TRA-03B) Dauco-Catananchion luteae S. Brullo 1985

Siculo-Calabrian subhalophilous therophytic swards on loamy-clayey soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dauco-Catananchion luteae S. Brullo 1985

Synonyms

FK (PEG) Pegano harmalae-Salsoletea vermiculatae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Mediterranean and Macaronesian semi-desertic halo-nitrophilous scrub in hyperarid coastal habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pegano harmalae-Salsoletea vermiculatae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

FK01 (PEG-01) Salsolo vermiculatae-Peganetalia harmalae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1954

Mediterranean halo-nitrophilous scrub of semi-desertic inland regions and hyperarid seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salsolo vermiculatae-Peganetalia harmalae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1954

Synonyms

FK01A (PEG-01A) Salsolo vermiculatae-Peganion harmalae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1954

Meso-supramediterranean halo-nitrophilous scrub on clayey soils of semi-desertic subcontinental regions of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salsolo vermiculatae-Peganion harmalae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1954

Synonyms

FK01B (PEG-01B) Haloxylo-Atriplicion Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Rigual 1972

Thermo-mesomediterranean halo-nitrophilous scrub on well-drained soils of the Southern Iberian Peninsula and Maghreb

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Haloxylo-Atriplicion Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Rigual 1972

Synonyms

FK01C (PEG-01C) Salsolo oppositifoliae-Suaedion fruticosae Rigual 1972

Infra-thermomediterranean halo-nitrophilous scrub on clayey soils of arid regions of the Western Mediterranean and the southern regions of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salsolo oppositifoliae-Suaedion fruticosae Rigual 1972

Synonyms

FK01D (PEG-01D) Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae O. de Bolòs ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermomediterranean halo-nitrophilous xeric thorny scrub on loamy soils of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae O. de Bolòs ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

peg04 | De Bolòs (1988: 31) suggested a new alliance, the Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae and classified here the Pharbitidi-Lycietum europaei (de Bolòs 1962: 176) as the only association; this association serves then automatically as the holotypus of the alliance. However, as stated by the IPCN art. 8: “from 1/1/1980 the original diagnosis is sufficient only when the character and/or differential species of the syntaxon are also explicitly indicated.” This condition was not met in the protologue of the Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae. Ninot et al. (2012) have also failed to provide such a list of diagnostic taxa and therefore, I here list Lycium europaeum and Ipomoea purpurea as the diagnostic species of the Lycio europaei-Ipomoeion purpureae, and thus validate the alliance name. (L. Mucina).

FK01E (PEG-01E) Artemision arborescentis Géhu et al. 1986

Thermo-mesomediterranean subnitrophilous coastal scrub of the Southern Apennine Peninsula and Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemision arborescentis Géhu et al. 1986

Synonyms

FK01F (PEG-01F) Atriplici halimi-Suaedion verae Géhu et al. ex Bergmeier et Dimopoulos 2003

Thermomediterranean halo-nitrophilous scrub on coastal dunes and cliffs of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Atriplici halimi-Suaedion verae Géhu et al. ex Bergmeier et Dimopoulos 2003

Synonyms

FK01G (PEG-01G) Medicagini citrinae-Lavaterion arboreae O. de Bolòs et Vigo in O. de Bolòs et al. 1984

Thermomediterranean ornitho-coprophilous coastal semiarid scrub of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Medicagini citrinae-Lavaterion arboreae O. de Bolòs et Vigo in O. de Bolòs et al. 1984

Synonyms

Remark

peg06 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 241) suggested classifying this alliance within the Brassico oleraceae-Lavateretalia arboreae. See also Remark cri11. (L. Mucina).

FK02 (PEG-02) Helichryso stoechadis-Santolinetalia squarrosae Peinado et Martínez-Parras 1984

Iberian thermo- to oromediterranean subnitrophilous and nitrophilous chamaephytic scrub on degraded soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helichryso stoechadis-Santolinetalia squarrosae Peinado et Martínez-Parras 1984

Synonyms

FK02A (PEG-02A) Artemisio glutinosae-Santolinion rosmarinifoliae M. Costa 1975

Ibero-Atlantic meso- to oromediterranean subnitrophilous and nitrophilous chamaephytic scrub on degraded deep acidic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio glutinosae-Santolinion rosmarinifoliae M. Costa 1975

Synonyms

FK02B (PEG-02B) Santolinion pectinato-canescentis Peinado et Martínez-Parras 1984

Iberian thermo- to supramediterranean subnitrophilous and nitrophilous chamaephytic scrub on basic degraded soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Santolinion pectinato-canescentis Peinado et Martínez-Parras 1984

Synonyms

FK03 (PEG-03) Chenoleetalia tomentosae Sunding 1972

Infra-thermomediterranean arid low scrub on sandy soils of the Canary Islands and the western seaboards of the Sahara

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenoleetalia tomentosae Sunding 1972

Synonyms

FK03A (PEG-03A) Chenoleion tomentosae Sunding 1972

Infra-thermomediterranean arid low scrub on sandy soils of the Canary Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenoleion tomentosae Sunding 1972

Synonyms

FK04 (PEG-04) Forsskaoleo angustifoliae-Rumicetalia lunariae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Canaro-Madeiran infra-mesomediterranean halo-nitrophilous chamaephytic scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Forsskaoleo angustifoliae-Rumicetalia lunariae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

FK04A (PEG-04A) Artemisio thusculae-Rumicion lunariae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Canarian infra- to mesomediterranean halo-nitrophilous low scrub of regions of semiarid to subhumid climate

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio thusculae-Rumicion lunariae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

FK04B (PEG-04B) Launaeo arborescentis-Schizogynion sericeae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Canarian inframediterranean halo-nitrophilous arid scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Launaeo arborescentis-Schizogynion sericeae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

FK04C (PEG-04C) Argyranthemo succulenti-Calendulion maderensis Capelo et al. 2000

Madeiran halo-nitrophilous coastal low scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Argyranthemo succulenti-Calendulion maderensis Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

FK04D (PEG-04D) Nicotiano glaucae-Ricinion communis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Western Mediterranean and Canarian infra-thermomediterranean arid neophyte-dominated tall scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nicotiano glaucae-Ricinion communis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

FL (IND) Festucetea indigestae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1971

Iberian and North African xerophilous silicicolous fescue grasslands in the supra- to cryomediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucetea indigestae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1971

Synonyms

FL01 (IND-01) Festucetalia indigestae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1964

Iberian oro-cryomediterranean xerophilous silicicolous fescue grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucetalia indigestae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1964

Synonyms

Remark

ind01 | For the reasoning that underpins the name correction, see Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 473). However, since Festuca indigesta subsp. curvifolia is currently recognised as a valid subspecies concept within F. indigesta (see www.emplantsbase.org), the name correction does not appear to be necessary. (L. Mucina).

FL01A (IND-01A) Teesdaliopsio confertae-Luzulion caespitosae Rivas-Mart. 1987

Northern Iberian oro-cryomediterranean xerophilous silicicolous grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Teesdaliopsio confertae-Luzulion caespitosae Rivas-Mart. 1987

Synonyms

FL01B (IND-01B) Jasionion carpetanae González-Albo 1941

Central Iberian oro-cryomediterranean xerophilous silicicolous fescue grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Jasionion carpetanae González-Albo 1941

Synonyms

Remark

ind02 | González-Albo (1941) has validly described the Staticetum caespitosae, the automatic holotypus of the alliance Jasionion carpetanae. The latter alliance was syntaxonomically identified (by placement into synonymy) as the Minuartio bigerrensis-Festucion curvifoliae Rivas-Mart. 1964 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011. The only reason for placement of the Jasionion carpetanae into the synonymy was the assumption that the Jasionion carpetanae should be considered a nomen ambiguum (ICPN art. 37), a case still lacking convincing proof. Interestingly, the Staticetum caespitosae has not been listed as one of the associations of the Minuartio-Festucion curvifolae by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 268−169) despite otherwise very comprehensive accounts of associations in all alliances handled in the latter paper. Due to lack of proper arguments proving the name Jasionion carpetanae illegitimate, technically the latter name remains the valid and current name for this syntaxonomic concept until proven otherwise. (L. Mucina).

FL01C (IND-01C) Ptilotrichion purpurei Quézel 1953

Sierra Nevadan (Southern Iberian Peninsula) oro-cryomediterraneanchamaephyte-rich xerophilous silicicolous grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ptilotrichion purpurei Quézel 1953

Synonyms

FL02 (IND-02) Jasiono sessiliflorae-Koelerietalia crassipedis Rivas-Mart. et Cantó 1987

Iberian supra-oromediterranean and submediterranean silicicolous grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Jasiono sessiliflorae-Koelerietalia crassipedis Rivas-Mart. et Cantó 1987

Synonyms

FL02A (IND-02A) Hieracio castellani-Plantaginion radicatae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó 1987

Eastern and Northern Iberian supra-oromediterranean and submediterranean xerophilous silicicolous grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hieracio castellani-Plantaginion radicatae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó 1987

Synonyms

FL02B (IND-02B) Armerion eriophyllae Pinto da Silva 1970

Northern Portuguese and Galician grasslands on ultramafic outcrops in the supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion eriophyllae Pinto da Silva 1970

Synonyms

FL02C (IND-02C) Thymion serpylloidis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1965

Southern Iberian silicicolous grasslands in the supra-oromediterranean and supra-orotemperate belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thymion serpylloidis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1965

Synonyms

FM (PIL) Saginetea piliferae Gamisans 1975

Relict oromediterranean silicicolous swards of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saginetea piliferae Gamisans 1975

Synonyms

FM01 (PIL-01) Saginetalia piliferae Gamisans 1975

Relict oromediterranean silicicolous swards of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saginetalia piliferae Gamisans 1975

Synonyms

FM01A (PIL-01A) Sesamoido pygmaeae-Poion violaceae Gamisans 1975

Relict oromediterranean silicicolous swards of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sesamoido pygmaeae-Poion violaceae Gamisans 1975

Synonyms

FN (RUM) Rumici-Astragaletea siculi Pignatti et Nimis in E. Pignatti et al. 1980

Siculo-Calabrian oromediterranean and upper mesomediterranean pulvinate scrub and related grasslands on siliceous substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumici-Astragaletea siculi Pignatti et Nimis in E. Pignatti et al. 1980

Synonyms

Remark

rum01 | The content of this class was considered by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 311) as a part of the Cisto-Lavanduletea, but no new evidence of this was submitted. (L. Mucina).

FN01 (RUM-01) Rumici-Astragaletalia siculi Pignatti et Nimis in in E. Pignatti et al. 1980

Upper meso- to oromediterranean xeric scrub on siliceous volcanic substrates of Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumici-Astragaletalia siculi Pignatti et Nimis in in E. Pignatti et al. 1980

Synonyms

FN01A (RUM-01A) Rumici-Astragalion siculi Poli 1965

Oromediterranean xeric pulvinate scrub on siliceous volcanic substrates of Etna (Sicily)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumici-Astragalion siculi Poli 1965

Synonyms

Remark

rum02 | Biondi (2000: 129) preferred to classify this syntaxonomic concept within the Carici-Genistetalia lobelii Klein 1972 and further within the Rosmarinetea. (L. Mucina).

FN01B (RUM-01B) Armerion nebrodensis S. Brullo 1984

Upper meso-oromediterranean silicicolous pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Nebrodi (Sicily)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion nebrodensis S. Brullo 1984

Synonyms

FN02 (RUM-02) Anthemidetalia calabricae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Upper meso- to oromediterranean silicicolous pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Calabria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthemidetalia calabricae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

FN02A (RUM-02A) Koelerio brutiae-Astragalion calabrici Giacomini et Gentile ex S. Brullo 2005

Mesomediterranean silicicolous pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Sila (Calabria)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koelerio brutiae-Astragalion calabrici Giacomini et Gentile ex S. Brullo 2005

Synonyms

Remark

rum03 | This unit has experienced a turbulent past regarding its syntaxonomic position (e.g. Giacomini & Gentile 1961; Barbero & Bonin 1969; Bonin 1978; Pignatti et al. 1980; de Foucault 1994; Brullo et al. 2004). As presented in our paper, this concept follows the syntaxonomic synthesis by Brullo et al. (2005). (L. Mucina).

FN02B (RUM-02B) Armerion aspromontanae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Mesomediterranean silicicolous pulvinate scrub and related grasslands of Aspromonte (Calabria)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion aspromontanae S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

FO (ANA) Trifolio anatolici-Polygonetea arenastri Quézel 1973

Oromediterranean, slightly chionophilous mat-grass swards of Eastern Anatolia, Sterea Hellas, Southern Macedonia and Bulgaria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio anatolici-Polygonetea arenastri Quézel 1973

Synonyms

Remark

ana01 | The oro-mediterranean chionophilous mat-grass swards of the Trifolio-Polygonetea (Quézel 1973) are an ecological analogon to the Salicetea herbaceae, yet occurring at high altitudes of mountain ranges embedded within the Eastern Mediterranean or in some marginal ranges surrounded by the submediterraneean regions of the southwestern Balkans (Rila, Pirin, and possibly also some high mountain ranges of Macedonia). This vegetation occurs in depressions carrying snow cover longer than the surrounding alpine and/or oromediterranean grasslands, yet due to shallow, skeletal soils the habitats appear extremely dry during high-radiation summer. The ecological and geographical optimum of this class is in Anatolia (Turkey) but marginally some communities are reaching Europe, especially in Sterea Hellas and in the Macedonian-Bulgarian-Hellenic border triangle. The Trifolion parnassi (Trifolietalia parnassi; Quézel 1964), formerly classified wthin the Juncetea trifidi (or 'Caricetea curvulae'), belongs here as well as some communities with Alopecurus gerrardi, misplaced in the Salicetea herbaceae (e.g. Omalotheco-Alopecuretum gerrardi; Mucina et al. 1990). Some other communities listed as belonging to the Trifolio-Polygonetea, for instance by Lovrić & Rac (1989), do not qualify (see Mucina in Chytrý et al. 2015). At this stage, I fail to recognise the virtue of considering the Trifolio-Polygonetea as synonymous to the Anatolian Astragalo-Brometea as suggested by Parolly (2004). The taxonomic identity of 'Polygonum arenastrum' (one of the eponymous species) should be challenged. (L. Mucina).

FO01 (ANA-01) Trifolietalia parnassii Quézel 1964

Oromediterranean slightly chionophilous mat-grass swards of Sterea Hellas, Southern Macedonia and Bulgaria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolietalia parnassii Quézel 1964

Synonyms

FO01A (ANA-01A) Trifolion parnassii Quézel 1964

Oromediterranean slightly chionophilous mat-grass swards of Sterea Hellas, Southern Macedonia and Bulgaria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolion parnassii Quézel 1964

Synonyms

FP (ONO) Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Submediterranean submontane-montane and oromediterranean dry grasslands and related dwarf scrub on calcareous substrates of the Iberian Peninsula, the Western Alps and the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

ono01 | This class replaces the Elyno-Seslerietea at high altitudes of the submediterranean zone (supratemperate belts) of the Cantabrian Mountains, Pyrenees, Western Alps, central Apennine Peninsula and Sicily as well as in analogous meso- and oromediterranean altitudinal belts of the Mediterranean mountain ranges of the Northern Iberian Peninsula, southern regions of the Apennine Peninsula and Sicily. The inclusion of the Apennine and Sicilian units within this class is unprecedented. (L. Mucina).

FP01 (ONO-01) Festuco hystricis-Poetalia ligulatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

Supra-oromediterranean dry calcicolous grasslands and low scrub of the northern and central regions of the Iberian Peninsula and Maghreb

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festuco hystricis-Poetalia ligulatae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

Synonyms

FP01A (ONO-01A) Festucion burnatii Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Mayor et al. 1973

Cantabrian submediterranean montane-subalpine grasslands on calcareous lithosols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion burnatii Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Mayor et al. 1973

Synonyms

FP01B (ONO-01B) Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion microphyllae Rivas Goday et Borja 1961 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Castilian-Oroiberian supra-oromediterranean grasslands on calcareous and ultramafic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sideritido fontquerianae-Arenarion microphyllae Rivas Goday et Borja 1961 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

ono02 | In the name 'Sideritido pulvinatae-Arenarion aggregatae Rivas Goday et Borja 1961', Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002a: 244) corrected both name-giving taxa, namely 'Sideritis glacialis var. pulvinata Font Quer' (recte: Sideritis glacialis Boiss.; var. pulvinata is a nomen nudum) and Arenaria aggregata subsp. erinacea Boiss., by S. glacialis subsp. fontqueriana Obón & D. Rivera and A. aggregata subsp. microphylla (Pau) Riv.-Mart. & Costa, respectively. (J.-P. Theurillat, H. Weber, R. G. García, L. Mucina). Valls (2003: 146) suggested classifying this alliance within the Thero-Brachypodietalia. (L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat).

FP01C (ONO-01C) Plantagini discoloris-Thymion mastigophori Molina et Izco 1989

Cantabrian and Castilian supramediterranean low scrub on calcareous soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantagini discoloris-Thymion mastigophori Molina et Izco 1989

Synonyms

Remark

ono04 | For analysis of the nomenclature of this alliance see Molina & Izco (1989). (L. Mucina).

FP01D (ONO-01D) Seselio granatensis-Festucion hystricis Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Betic (Southern Iberian) supra-oromediterranean low scrub on calcareous lithosols

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seselio granatensis-Festucion hystricis Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

FP02 (ONO-02) Ononidetalia striatae Br.-Bl. 1950

Submediterranean submontane-montane dry calcicolous grasslands and related dwarf scrub of the Western Alps, the Pyrenees and the Cantabrian Mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ononidetalia striatae Br.-Bl. 1950

Synonyms

Remark

ono05 | Two large-scale syntaxonomic overviews by Theurillat et al. (1995: Alps) and Bardat et al. (2004: France) from the main distribution range of this vegetation type support the proposal of Royer (1991) to classify the Ononidetalia striatae within the Festuco-Brometea. (J. Dengler, L. Mucina).

FP02A (ONO-02A) Ononidion striatae Br.-Bl. et Susplugas 1937

Submediterranean montane dry calcicolous grasslands of the Eastern Pyrenees and the Catalano-Valencian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ononidion striatae Br.-Bl. et Susplugas 1937

Synonyms

FP02B (ONO-02B) Ononidion cristatae Royer 1991

Submediterranean montane dry calcicolous grasslands of the southwestern Western Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ononidion cristatae Royer 1991

Synonyms

FP02C (ONO-02C) Festucion scopariae Br.-Bl. 1948

Submediterranean montane to subalpine calcicolous dry pastures of the Central and Eastern Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion scopariae Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

FP02D (ONO-02D) Avenion sempervirentis Barbero 1968

Submediterranean montane dry calcicolous grasslands of the Maritime and Ligurian Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Avenion sempervirentis Barbero 1968

Synonyms

Remark

ono08 | These communities form a syntaxonomic transition between the Elyno-Seslerietea and the Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae. (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

FP02E (ONO-02E) Genistion lobelii Molinier 1934

Submediterranean submontane-montane calcicolous low scrub of Provence, the Cevennes and the Catalano-Valencian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genistion lobelii Molinier 1934

Synonyms

FP02F (ONO-02F) Echinospartion horridi Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Submediterranean montane-subalpine calcicolous low scrub of the Aragonian region of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Echinospartion horridi Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Synonyms

FP02G (ONO-02G) Genistion occidentalis Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Submediterranean Cantabro-Castilian submontane to subalpine calcicolous low scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Genistion occidentalis Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

FP02H (ONO-02H) Lavandulo angustifoliae-Genistion cinereae Barbero et al. 1974

Supramediterranean calcicolous low scrub of Southern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lavandulo angustifoliae-Genistion cinereae Barbero et al. 1974

Synonyms

FP03 (ONO-03) Erysimo-Jurineetalia bocconei S. Brullo 1984

Submediterranean xeric calcicolous grasslands on skeletal soils of the Apennine Peninsula and in the oromediterranean belt of Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erysimo-Jurineetalia bocconei S. Brullo 1984

Synonyms

FP03A (ONO-03A) Alyssion bertolonii E. Pignatti et Pignatti 1977

Meso-supramediterranean ultramafic scrub of Northern Tuscany, Liguria and the Northern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alyssion bertolonii E. Pignatti et Pignatti 1977

Synonyms

FP03B (ONO-03B) Cytiso spinescentis-Saturejion montanae Pirone et Tammaro 1997

Submediterranean montane dry calciphilous grasslands rich in dwarf shrubs of the Central Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytiso spinescentis-Saturejion montanae Pirone et Tammaro 1997

Synonyms

Remark

ono14 | Alegrezza et al. (1997) and Pirone & Tammaro (1997) described (in the same issue of the journal Fitosociologia) two alliances that I consider to be syntaxonomically identical. The Cytiso spinescentis-Saturejion montanae Pirone et Tammaro 1997 takes priority over the Artemisio albae-Saturejion montanae Allegrezza et al. 1997 as the former was published in a paper preceding the latter. (L. Mucina).

FP03C (ONO-03C) Cytiso spinescentis-Bromion erecti Bonin 1978

Submediterranean xeric calciphilous open grasslands in the submontane and lower montane belts of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytiso spinescentis-Bromion erecti Bonin 1978

Synonyms

Remark

ono15 | See Di Pietro (2011) for details on the nomenclatural issues surrounding the effective publication and validity of the Cytiso spinescentis-Bromion erecti Bonin 1978. (R. Di Pietro, L. Mucina).

FP03D (ONO-03D) Seslerio nitidae-Caricion macrolepidis Ubaldi 1997

Submediterranean upper-montane and subalpine xeric calciphilous grasslands on shallow soils of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Seslerio nitidae-Caricion macrolepidis Ubaldi 1997

Synonyms

FP03E (ONO-03E) Cerastio-Astragalion nebrodensis Pignatti et Nimis ex S. Brullo 1984

Submediterranean xeric open calciphilous grasslands on rocky soils of the Southern Apennines and in the oromediterranean belt of Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cerastio-Astragalion nebrodensis Pignatti et Nimis ex S. Brullo 1984

Synonyms

FQ (GEN) Carici-Genistetea lobelii Klein 1972

Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean cushion-tragacanthic scrub and related grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici-Genistetea lobelii Klein 1972

Synonyms

Remark

gen01 | Arrigoni (1986) extended this class by the addition of scrub occurring in the meso- and supra-mediterranean belts (900–1500 m) of Sardinia, and coined a new order for this vegetation, the Teucrio-Santolinetalia Arrigoni 1986. However, the alliances included in this order, namely the Armerio sardoae-Genistion salzmannii Arrigoni 1986 (siliceous substrates) and the Polygalo-Seslerion insularis Arrigoni ex Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1986 (calcareous substrates) show more floristic (and ecological) links to the Lavanduletalia stoechadis (Cisto-Lavanduletea) and to the Rosmarinetalia (Rosmarinetea), respectively, rather than to the endemic-rich Carici-Genistetea and have been therefore excluded from the latter class and accommodated elsewhere. The content of this class is considered by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 311) as a part of the Cisto-Lavanduletea but without submitting new evidence to support his claim. (L. Mucina).

FQ01 (GEN-01) Carici-Genistetalia lobelii Klein 1972

Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean cushion-tragacanthic scrub and related grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici-Genistetalia lobelii Klein 1972

Synonyms

FQ01A (GEN-01A) Anthyllidion hermanniae Klein 1972

Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean cushion-tragacanthic scrub on exposed and windy crests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthyllidion hermanniae Klein 1972

Synonyms

FQ01B (GEN-01B) Plantaginion insularis Klein 1972

Cyrno-Sardean oromediterranean grasslands in snow-carrying depressions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantaginion insularis Klein 1972

Synonyms

FR (DAP) Daphno-Festucetea Quézel 1964

Xeric oromediterranean grasslands and cushion-tragacanthic scrub on calcareous and ultramafic substrates of the Hellenic mainland and the Aegean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Daphno-Festucetea Quézel 1964

Synonyms

Remark

dap01 | Festuca varia (sensu lato) is reported to occur in Hellas (Strid & Kit Tan 1991: 753). F. varia Haenke in Jacq. is an endemic species of the Central Alps (Wallosek 1999). The taxon occurring in the Daphno-Festucetea vegetation is most probably (and in most cases) F. cyllenica Boiss. & Heldr. However, taxa such as F. graeca (Hack.) Markg.-Dann., F. penzesii (Acht.) Markg.-Dann. and F. kozanensis Foggi et al. might also occur here. Until the taxonomy of this taxonomically complex group stabilises, we prefer use of the class name in its current, uncorrected form. (E. Bergmeier, L. Mucina).

FR01 (DAP-01) Daphno-Festucetalia Quézel 1964

Xeric oromediterranean grasslands and cushion-tragacanthic scrub on calcareous and ultramafic substrates of the Hellenic mainland and the Peloponissos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Daphno-Festucetalia Quézel 1964

Synonyms

Remark

dap02 | The summit vegetation within the Astragalus angustifolius on the Aegean island of Lesvos could also be classified in the Daphno-Festucetalia. It is putatively similar to the Anatolian oromediterranean grasslands and might be considered a different alliance (or order). The oromediterranean grasslands and thorn cushion vegetation on Evvia (Euboea) should also belong to the Daphno-Festucetalia. (E. Bergmeier) See also nomenclatural Remark dap01. (L. Mucina).

FR01A (DAP-01A) Astragalo angustifolii-Seslerion coerulantis Quézel 1964

Oromediterranean xeric grasslands and cushion-tragacanthic scrub on calcareous substrates of the Hellenic mainland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astragalo angustifolii-Seslerion coerulantis Quézel 1964

Synonyms

Remark

dap03 | The name would possibly undergo a nomenclature correction, as it is highly improbable that the name-giving species in the protologue is indeed Sesleria coerulans Friv. (L. Mucina).

FR01B (DAP-01B) Eryngio multifidi-Bromion fibrosi Quézel 1964

Oromediterranean xeric grasslands and cushion-tragacanthic scrub on ophiolitic substrates of the Hellenic mainland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eryngio multifidi-Bromion fibrosi Quézel 1964

Synonyms

FR01C (DAP-01C) Stipo pulcherrimae-Morinion persicae Quézel 1964

Oromediterranean xeric grasslands on calcareous substrates of the Peloponissos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipo pulcherrimae-Morinion persicae Quézel 1964

Synonyms

FR02 (DAP-02) Saturejo spinosae-Scutellarietalia hirtae Dimopoulos et al. ex Bergmeier 2002

Xeric and subxeric oromediterranean grasslands and cushion-tragacanthic scrub on calcareous and ultramafic substrates of Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saturejo spinosae-Scutellarietalia hirtae Dimopoulos et al. ex Bergmeier 2002

Synonyms

FR02A (DAP-02A) Astragalion cretici Bergmeier 2002

Xeric oromediterranean calcicolous cushion-tragacanthic scrub of Central and Eastern Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astragalion cretici Bergmeier 2002

Synonyms

FR02B (DAP-02B) Verbascion spinosi Zaffran ex Bergmeier 2002

Xeric oromediterranean calcicolous cushion-tragacanthic scrub of Western Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verbascion spinosi Zaffran ex Bergmeier 2002

Synonyms

FR02C (DAP-02C) Colchico cretensis-Cirsion morinifolii Bergmeier 2002

Subxeric oromediterranean swards and grasslands on stony soils of grazed dolines on high plateaus of Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Colchico cretensis-Cirsion morinifolii Bergmeier 2002

Synonyms

FS (CYP) Diantho troodi-Teucrietea cyprii S. Brullo et al. 2005

Oromediterranean scrub on ultramafic substrates of Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diantho troodi-Teucrietea cyprii S. Brullo et al. 2005

Synonyms

FS01 (CYP-01) Diantho troodi-Teucrietalia cyprii S. Brullo et al. 2005

Oromediterranean scrub on ultramafic substrates of Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diantho troodi-Teucrietalia cyprii S. Brullo et al. 2005

Synonyms

FS01A (CYP-01A) Hyperico stenobotryos-Alyssion troodi S. Brullo et al. 2005

Oromediterranean scrub on ultramafic substrates of Cyprus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico stenobotryos-Alyssion troodi S. Brullo et al. 2005

Synonyms

GA (KLE) Kleinio neriifoliae-Euphorbietea canariensis (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1965) Santos 1976

Macaronesian and Western Maghrebinian succulent tabaibal and cardonal on semi-desert lava beds

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kleinio neriifoliae-Euphorbietea canariensis (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1965) Santos 1976

Synonyms

GA01 (KLE-01) Kleinio neriifoliae-Euphorbietalia canariensis (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1965) Santos 1976

Macaronesian and Western Maghrebinian succulent tabaibal and cardonal on semi-desert lava beds

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kleinio neriifoliae-Euphorbietalia canariensis (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1965) Santos 1976

Synonyms

GA01A (KLE-01A) Aeonio-Euphorbion canariensis Sunding 1972

Canarian-Salvagenian primary succulent tabaibal and cardonal on semi-desert lava beds

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aeonio-Euphorbion canariensis Sunding 1972

Synonyms

GA01B (KLE-01B) Euphorbion regis-jubo-lamarckii Rivas-Mart., Wildpret, O. Rodríguez et Del Arco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Canarian seral succulent tabaibal and cardonal on semi-desert lava beds

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion regis-jubo-lamarckii Rivas-Mart., Wildpret, O. Rodríguez et Del Arco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

GB (OLE) Oleo cerasiformis-Rhamnetea crenulatae Santos ex Rivas-Mart. 1987

Macaronesian infra-thermomediterranean semiarid and arid matorral, sparse palm groves and associated low scrub on volcanic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oleo cerasiformis-Rhamnetea crenulatae Santos ex Rivas-Mart. 1987

Synonyms

GB01 (OLE-01) Oleo cerasiformis-Rhamnetalia crenulatae Santos 1983

Macaronesian infra-thermomediterranean semiarid matorral and palm groves on volcanic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oleo cerasiformis-Rhamnetalia crenulatae Santos 1983

Synonyms

GB01A (OLE-01A) Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion canariensis Santos et F. Galván ex Santos 1983 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Canarian semiarid matorral on deep soils over volcanic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mayteno canariensis-Juniperion canariensis Santos et F. Galván ex Santos 1983 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

GB01B (OLE-01B) Retamion rhodorhizoidis Del Arco et al. 2009

Western Canarian infra-thermomediterranean retamal on volcanic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Retamion rhodorhizoidis Del Arco et al. 2009

Synonyms

GB01C (OLE-01C) Oleo maderensis-Maytenion umbellatae Capelo et al. 2000

Madeirean infra-thermomediterranean matorral on deep soils over volcanic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oleo maderensis-Maytenion umbellatae Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

GB01D (OLE-01D) Phoenicion canariensis Rivas-Mart. et Del Arco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Canarian semiarid sparse palm woodland on deep colluvial soils over volcanic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phoenicion canariensis Rivas-Mart. et Del Arco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

GB02 (OLE-02) Cisto canariensis-Micromerietalia hyssopifoliae Pérez de Paz et al. 1990 corr. Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 2011

Macaronesian infra-thermomediterranean semiarid seral tomillar, jaral and related scrub on shallow volcanic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto canariensis-Micromerietalia hyssopifoliae Pérez de Paz et al. 1990 corr. Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 2011

Synonyms

GB02A (OLE-02A) Cisto canariensis-Micromerion hyssopifoliae Pérez de Paz et al. 1990 corr. Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 2011

Canarian semiarid seral tomillar and jaral on shallow volcanic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto canariensis-Micromerion hyssopifoliae Pérez de Paz et al. 1990 corr. Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 2011

Synonyms

GB02B (OLE-02B) Soncho ustulati-Artemision argenteae Capelo et al. 2000

Madeirean semiarid seral tomillar and related low scrub on shallow volcanic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Soncho ustulati-Artemision argenteae Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

GC (LAU) Pruno lusitanicae-Lauretea azoricae Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

Macaronesian evergreen laurisilva forests and related seral matorral

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pruno lusitanicae-Lauretea azoricae Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

Synonyms

Remark

lau01 | This class comprises traditionally both seral scrub (Andryalo pinnatifidae-Ericetalia arboreae) and mature forest (Pruno-Lauretalia azoricae) vegetation. Undoubtedly, these units share many species, however the contrasting physiognomy, ecology (functioning) and syndynamic position of both orders does not match the modern view of the concept of class and therefore, this classification should be subject to a revision. (L. Mucina).

GC01 (LAU-01) Andryalo pinnatifidae-Ericetalia arboreae Oberd. 1965

Canarian seral matorral, retamal and erica groves in the laurisilva vegetation belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Andryalo pinnatifidae-Ericetalia arboreae Oberd. 1965

Synonyms

GC01A (LAU-01A) Myrico fayae-Ericion arboreae Oberd. 1965

Canarian seral ericoid matorral in the laurisilva vegetation belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Myrico fayae-Ericion arboreae Oberd. 1965

Synonyms

GC01B (LAU-01B) Polysticho falcinelli-Ericion arboreae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Madeirean humid tall ericoid scrub on acidic soils in the laurisilva vegetation belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polysticho falcinelli-Ericion arboreae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

GC01C (LAU-01C) Telino canariensis-Adenocarpion foliolosi Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Canarian genistoid retamal in the pine forest and laurisilva vegetation belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Telino canariensis-Adenocarpion foliolosi Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

GC01D (LAU-01D) Bystropogono punctati-Telinion maderensis Capelo et al. 2000

Madeirean mid- and high-altitude retamoid scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bystropogono punctati-Telinion maderensis Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

GC01E (LAU-01E) Euphorbion melliferae Capelo et al. 2003

Macaronesian caulirosette scrub in forests clearings in the laurisilva vegetation belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion melliferae Capelo et al. 2003

Synonyms

GC02 (LAU-02) Pruno-Lauretalia azoricae Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

Macaronesian broad-leaved evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pruno-Lauretalia azoricae Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

Synonyms

GC02A (LAU-02A) Ixantho viscosae-Laurion azoricae Oberd. ex Santos in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

Canarian infra-thermomediterranean subhumid-humid hyperoceanic evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ixantho viscosae-Laurion azoricae Oberd. ex Santos in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

Synonyms

GC02B (LAU-02B) Sibthorpio peregrinae-Clethrion arboreae Capelo et al. 2000

Madeirean hyperoceanic subhumid-humid evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sibthorpio peregrinae-Clethrion arboreae Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

GC02C (LAU-02C) Visneo mocanerae-Apollonion barbujanae Rivas-Mart. in Capelo et al. 2000

Macaronesian subhumid mesophytic evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Visneo mocanerae-Apollonion barbujanae Rivas-Mart. in Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

GD (AZO) Lauro azoricae-Juniperetea brevifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Azorean broad-leaved evergreen laurisilva forests and related mantle and heath

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lauro azoricae-Juniperetea brevifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

azo01 | As in the case of the Pruno lusitanicae-Lauretea azoricae, the classification of both mature forests (Frangulo azoricae-Lauretalia azoricae) and the seral (successional) vegetation associated with these forests (Ericetalia azoricae) into one class is highly contentious and calls for a revision of old, untenable traditions. (L. Mucina).

GD01 (AZO-01) Ericetalia azoricae Lüpnitz 1975

Azorean ericoid mantle and seral heath of the humid evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ericetalia azoricae Lüpnitz 1975

Synonyms

GD01A (AZO-01A) Juniperion brevifoliae Sjögren 1973

Azorean ericoid mantle and seral heath of the humid evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion brevifoliae Sjögren 1973

Synonyms

GD02 (AZO-02) Frangulo azoricae-Lauretalia azoricae Fernández Prieto, Dias et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Azorean evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frangulo azoricae-Lauretalia azoricae Fernández Prieto, Dias et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

GD02A (AZO-02A) Dryopterido azoricae-Laurion azoricae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Azorean mid- and high-latitude humid evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dryopterido azoricae-Laurion azoricae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

GD02B (AZO-02B) Myrico fayae-Pittosporion undulati Lüpnitz 1976

Azorean low-altitude humid evergreen laurisilva forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Myrico fayae-Pittosporion undulati Lüpnitz 1976

Synonyms

GE (CAN) Cytiso-Pinetea canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

Canarian pine forests and related juniper scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytiso-Pinetea canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

Synonyms

GE01 (CAN-01) Cytiso-Pinetalia canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

Canarian pine forests and related juniper scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cytiso-Pinetalia canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

Synonyms

GE01A (CAN-01A) Cisto symphytifolii-Pinion canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

Canarian pine forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cisto symphyfolii-Pinion canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

Synonyms

GE01B (CAN-01B) Juniperion cedri Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. in Martín Osorio et al. 2007

Canarian pine-juniper scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juniperion cedri Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. in Martín Osorio et al. 2007

Synonyms

GF (SUP) Spartocytisetea supranubii Schönfelder et Voggenreiter 1994

Canarian high-altitude volcanic semidesert scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartocytisetea supranubii Schönfelder et Voggenreiter 1994

Synonyms

Remark

sup01 | According to several authors (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2002a, 2011; Brullo et al. 2008), this syntaxonomic concept should be considered a part of the Canarian pine forests of the Cytiso-Pinetea. However, this suggestion lacks both floristic as well as vegetation-structural logic. This unit is not a forest (unlike the Cytiso-Pinetea) and it is analogous to the Mediterranean retamal of the Cytisetea scopario-striati. (L. Mucina).

GF01 (SUP-01) Spartocytisetalia supranubii Schönfelder et Voggenreiter 1994

Canarian high-altitude volcanic semidesert scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartocytisetalia supranubii Schönfelder et Voggenreiter 1994

Synonyms

GF01A (SUP-01A) Spartocytision nubigeni Oberd. ex Esteve 1973

Canarian high-altitude volcanic semidesert scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartocytision nubigeni Oberd. ex Esteve 1973

Synonyms

GF01B (SUP-01B) Plantaginion webbii Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. In Martín Osorio et al. 2007

Canarian low scrub on eroding volcanic tallus, seral to retamal and pinar

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantaginion webbii Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. In Martín Osorio et al. 2007

Synonyms

GG (MOQ) Polycarpaeo niveae-Traganetea moquini Rivas-Mart. et Wildpret in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Canarian, Cabo Verdan and Western Saharian halophilous coastal desertic dune scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polycarpaeo niveae-Traganetea moquini Rivas-Mart. et Wildpret in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

GG01 (MOQ-01) Zygophyllo fontanesii-Polycarpaetalia niveae Santos ex Géhu et al. 1996

Canarian, Cabo Verdan and Western Saharian halophilous coastal desertic dune scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Zygophyllo fontanesii-Polycarpaetalia niveae Santos ex Géhu et al. 1996

Synonyms

Remark

moq01 | Géhu (1999) prefers to classify this order within the Ammophiletea. (L. Mucina).

GG01A (MOQ-01A) Traganion moquinii Sunding 1972

Canarian, Cabo Verdan and Western Saharian halophilous scrub on stabilised coastal desertic dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Traganion moquinii Sunding 1972

Synonyms

GG01B (MOQ-01B) Polycarpaeo niveae-Euphorbion paraliae Rivas-Mart. et Wildpret in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Canarian and Western Saharian halophilous scrub on mobile coastal desertic dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polycarpaeo niveae-Euphorbion paraliae Rivas-Mart. et Wildpret in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

GG01C (MOQ-01C) Euphobio paraliae-Lotion glauci Jardim et al. 2003

Dwarf scrub on stabilised coastal hind dunes of Madeira and Porto Santo

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphobio paraliae-Lotion glauci Jardim et al. 2003

Synonyms

GH (AEO) Aeonio-Greenovietea Santos 1976

Macaronesian-Madeirean chomophytic and chasmophytic succulent-rich vegetation on volcanic rocky substrates and walls

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aeonio-Greenovietea Santos 1976

Synonyms

GH01 (AEO-01) Soncho-Sempervivetalia Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Sunding 1972

Macaronesian-Madeirean chomophytic and chasmophytic succulent-rich vegetation of exposed volcanic rock substrates and walls

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Soncho-Sempervivetalia Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Sunding 1972

Synonyms

GH01A (AEO-01A) Soncho acaulis-Sempervivion Sunding 1972

Canarian infra-thermomediterranean arid chomophytic and chasmophytic succulent-rich scrub on volcanic rock substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Soncho acaulis-Sempervivion Sunding 1972

Synonyms

GH01B (AEO-01B) Greenovion aureae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Western Canarian upper thermo- to supramediterranean chomophytic and chasmophytic succulent-rich scrub on volcanic rock substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Greenovion aureae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

GH01C (AEO-01C) Sinapidendro angustifolii-Aeonion glutinosi Capelo et al. 2000

Madeirean chomophytic and chasmophytic succulent-rich scrub on volcanic rock substrates and walls

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sinapidendro angustifolii-Aeonion glutinosi Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

GH02 (AEO-02) Aichryso laxi-Monanthetalia laxiflorae Santos et Reyes Betancort 2009

Canarian chomophytic herbaceous succulent-rich vegetation on shallow skeletal soils over partly shaded rocky habitats and walls

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aichryso laxi-Monanthetalia laxiflorae Santos et Reyes Betancort 2009

Synonyms

GH02A (AEO-02A) Aichryso laxi-Monanthion laxiflorae Santos et Reyes Betancort 2009

Canarian chomophytic herbaceous succulent-rich vegetation on shallow skeletal soils over partly shaded rocky habitats and walls

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aichryso laxi-Monanthion laxiflorae Santos et Reyes Betancort 2009

Synonyms

GI (VIO) Violetea cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Canarian volcanic summit sparse herbland vegetation on pumic tallus screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violetea cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

vio01 | These are open low-scrub and herb-rich open communities of the scree-like habitats of young lava flows at high altitudes of Pico de Teide (Teneriffe, Canary Islands) and structurally analogous to some puna vegetation types of the Andes. It is not a retamal (or any other scrub of the kind) and therefore, both ecologically and structurally this vegetation type should not be included in the Spartocytisetea supranubii. According to several authors (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2002a, 2011; Brullo et al. 2008) this vegetation should be classified as a part of the Canarian broom scrub of the Spartocytisetea supranubii or of the Canarian pine forests of the Cytiso-Pinetea. Both suggestions however lack both floristic as well as vegetation-structural logic. Herewith I validate the Voggenreiter's (1974: 165) invalid name and designate the Violetalia cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2015 (see below) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Violetea cheiranthifoliae. The character species of this class are identical to those listed for the Violion cheiranthifoliae and Violetalia cheiranthifoliae (see below). This vegetation is neither forest (unlike the Cytiso-Pinetea), not retamal (unlike Spartinocytisetea supranubii). (L. Mucina) ASG does not support an independent class status of the Violetea cheiranthifoliae.

GI01 (VIO-01) Violetalia cheiranthifoliae Hohenester et Welβ ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Canarian volcanic summit sparse herbland vegetation on pumic tallus screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violetalia cheiranthifoliae Hohenester et Welβ ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

vio02 | The order Violetalia cheiranthifoliae was mentioned by Hohenester & Welβ (1993) who classified 'Violion cheiranthifoliae' in this order. The Violion cheiranthifoliae was described invalidly because the only association classified within the latter alliance ('Violetum cheiranthifoliae Ceb. et Ort. 51') is an invalid name; there is no direct or indirect reference to 'Ceb. et Ort. 51’ (obviously Ceballos & Ortuña 1951) in Hohenester & Welβ (1993). Herewith I designate the Violion cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. in Martín Osorio et al. 2007 (Phytocoenologia 37: 683), as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Violetalia cheiranthifoliae. Viola cheiranthifolia, Echium auberianum, Silene nocteolens, Stemmacantha cynaroides and Erigeron cabrerae (see Brullo et al. 2008) are the character species of the Violion cheiranthifoliae and Violetalia cheiranthifoliae. (L. Mucina).

GI01A (VIO-01A) Violion cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. in Martín Osorio et al. 2007

Canarian volcanic summit sparse herbland vegetation on pumic tallus screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violion cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Martín Osorio, Wildpret et Rivas-Mart. in Martín Osorio et al. 2007

Synonyms

GJ (TOL) Tolpido azoricae-Holcetea rigidi Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Azorean seral non-grazed perennial grasslands on rocky denuded soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tolpido azoricae-Holcetea rigidi Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

GJ01 (TOL-01) Tolpido azoricae-Holcetalia rigidi Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Azorean seral non-grazed perennial grasslands on rocky denuded soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tolpido azoricae-Holcetalia rigidi Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

GJ01A (TOL-01A) Festucion francoi Lüpnitz 1976 corr. Fernández Prieto, Aguiar, J.C. Costa, Lousã et Rivas-Mart. in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Azorean mid- to high-altitude seral non-grazed perennial grasslands on rocky denuded soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion francoi Lüpnitz 1976 corr. Fernández Prieto, Aguiar, J.C. Costa, Lousã et Rivas-Mart. in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

Remark

tol01 | It appears from the recent taxonomical literature that the name Festuca jubata Lowe is a misapplied name for the taxon occurring in the Azores. Fernández Prieto et al. (2008) showed that F. jubata is an endemic to Madeira and classified the Azorean plants as F. francoi. Hence Festuca jubata sensu Lüpnitz 1976 et auct., non Lowe should be called Festuca francoi Fernández Prieto, C. Aguiar, E. Dias & M.I. Gut. Fernández Prieto et al. (2012) formally published the name correction. (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

GJ01B (TOL-01B) Tolpido succulentae-Agrostion congestiflorae Aguiar et Fernández Prieto in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Azorean low-altitude seral non-grazed perennial grasslands on rocky denuded soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tolpido succulentae-Agrostion congestiflorae Aguiar et Fernández Prieto in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

HA (POP) Alno glutinosae-Populetea albae P. Fukarek et Fabijanić 1968

Riparian gallery forests of the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alno glutinosae-Populetea albae P. Fukarek et Fabijanić 1968

Synonyms

Remark

pop01 | This class encompasses azonal alluvial forests of Europe, North Africa and the western regions of the Middle East. Formerly, most of the syntaxonomic content of this class was classified within the 'Querco-Fagetea', especially by Western and Central European authors, disregarding the principle of zonality/azonality. The two orders classified within this class reflect biogeographic (hence macro-climatic and evolutionary) drivers. The Alno-Fraxinetalia unites the European temperate alluvial forests, the Populetalia albae the Mediterranean gallery forests. It is commendable that Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002b) recognised this ecological paradox and attempted to remedy the situation by coining a class comprising azonal woodlands/forest and scrub. (LM) We consider the scrub sufficiently different, both physiognomically and floristically, to be considered a class in its own right (Salicetea purpureae). (L. Mucina).

HA01 (POP-01) Populetalia albae Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1949 nom. conserv. propos.

Mediterranean and submediterranean riparian gallery forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Populetalia albae Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1949 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

pop03 | The reasons for the name conservation will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

HA01A (POP-01A) Populion albae Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1949

Riparian forests of the submediterranean regions of Southern France and the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Populion albae Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1949

Synonyms

HA01B (POP-01B) Ligustro vulgaris-Alnion glutinosae Poldini, Sburlino et Venanzoni in Biondi et al. 2015

Riparian forests of the submediterranean regions of the Northern and Central Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ligustro vulgaris-Alnion glutinosae Poldini, Sburlino et Venanzoni in Biondi et al. 2015

Synonyms

HA01C (POP-01C) Osmundo-Alnion glutinosae (Br.-Bl. et al. 1956) Dierschke et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1975

Alder and willow riparian forests of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Osmundo-Alnion glutinosae (Br.-Bl. et al. 1956) Dierschke et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

HA01D (POP-01D) Rhododendro pontici-Prunion lusitanicae Pérez Latorre, Galán de Mera et Cabezudo in Pérez Latorre et al. 1999

Southern Iberian mediterranean riparian forests with relict laurisilva elements

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhododendro pontici-Prunion lusitanicae Pérez Latorre, Galán de Mera et Cabezudo in Pérez Latorre et al. 1999

Synonyms

HA01E (POP-01E) Platanion orientalis I. Kárpáti et V. Kárpáti 1961

Platanus riparian gallery forests of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Platanion orientalis I. Kárpáti et V. Kárpáti 1961

Synonyms

HA01F (POP-01F) Lauro nobilis-Fraxinion angustifoliae I. Kárpáti et V. Kárpáti 1961

Riparian gallery forests with relict laurisilva elements of the eastern submediterranean regions of the Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lauro nobilis-Fraxinion angustifoliae I. Kárpáti et V. Kárpáti 1961

Synonyms

HA02 (POP-02) Alno-Fraxinetalia excelsioris Passarge 1968

Floodplain riparian forests on nutrient-rich alluvial soils of temperate and boreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alno-Fraxinetalia excelsioris Passarge 1968

Synonyms

HA02A (POP-02A) Alnion incanae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Alder-ash and oak riparian floodplain forests on nutrient-rich alluvial soils in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alnion incanae Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

Remark

pop05 | This alliance, and perhaps also its superior order, would be better placed in the Carpino-Fagetea. In Southern Europe, there are considerable differences between zonal and riparian forests but this contrast becomes less obvious in Central and Northern Europe. The Alnion incanae forests are most similar to the Tilio-Acerion and the Melico-Tilion platyphylli forests that are classified within the Carpino-Fagetea. (MC, JPT) Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 342) pursued a mediterraneo-centric view and classified this alliance within the Populetalia. (L. Mucina).

HA02B (POP-02B) Hyperico androsaemi-Alnion glutinosae (Amigo et al. 1987) Biurrun et al. 2016

Alder, ash and birch floodplain forests along streams of the Cantabrian region of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico androsaemi-Alnion glutinosae (Amigo et al. 1987) Biurrun et al. 2016

Synonyms

HA02C (POP-02C) Fraxino-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968

Elm-ash and oak riparian floodplain forests on nutrient-rich brown soils in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fraxino-Quercion roboris Passarge 1968

Synonyms

Remark

pop07 | The syntaxonomic content of this unit is well known under the suballiance name Ulmenion Oberd. 1953 and as such has been frequently considered as part of the Alnion incanae. (W. Willner, L. Mucina).

HA02D (POP-02D) Alno-Quercion roboris Horvat 1950

Alder-oak riparian floodplain forests on nutrient-rich alluvial soils of the temperate regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alno-Quercion roboris Horvat 1950

Synonyms

HA02E (POP-02E) Poo angustifoliae-Ulmion laevis Golub in Golub et Kuzmina 1997

Oak-elm riparian floodplain forests on nutrient-rich alluvial soils in the steppe zone of Southern Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Poo angustifoliae-Ulmion laevis Golub in Golub et Kuzmina 1997

Synonyms

HB (PUR) Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958

Willow and tamarisk scrub and low open forests of riparian habitats in the temperate to arctic zones of Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958

Synonyms

HB01 (PUR-01) Salicetalia purpureae Moor 1958

Willow scrub and low open forests of riparian habitats in the temperate to arctic zones of Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetalia purpureae Moor 1958

Synonyms

HB01A (PUR-01A) Salicion eleagno-daphnoidis (Moor 1958) Grass 1993

Willow scrub on the gravelly stream banks in the submontane to subalpine belts of the Alps, the Pyrenees and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion eleagno-daphnoidis (Moor 1958) Grass 1993

Synonyms

Remark

pur02 | The choice of this alliance as the nomenclature type of the Salicetalia purpureae (as suggested by Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 465) is illegitimate. (L. Mucina).

HB01B (PUR-01B) Salicion albae Soó 1951

Willow and poplar low open forests of lowland to submontane river alluvia in the nemoral zone of Europe and at high altitudes of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion albae Soó 1951

Synonyms

HB01C (PUR-01C) Salicion triandrae T. Müller et Görs 1958

Willow scrub on loamy-sandy sedimentary river banks in the lowland to submontane belts of the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion triandrae T. Müller et Görs 1958

Synonyms

HB01D (PUR-01D) Rubo caesii-Amorphion fruticosae Shevchyk et V. Solomakha 1996

Riparian scrub on temporarily flooded gleyic soils of Central Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rubo caesii-Amorphion fruticosae Shevchyk et V. Solomakha in Shevchyk et al. 1996

Synonyms

HB01E (PUR-01E) Artemisio dniproicae-Salicion acutifoliae Shevchyk et V. Solomakha in Shevchyk et al. 1996

Willow scrub on riverine dunes of Central Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio dniproicae-Salicion acutifoliae Shevchyk et V. Solomakha in Shevchyk et al. 1996

Synonyms

HB01F (PUR-01F) Salicion salviifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Western Iberian thermo- to supramediterranean riparian alluvial willow scrub on the alluvia of mineral-poor rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion salviifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

HB01G (PUR-01G) Salicion discolori-neotrichae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Eastern Iberian thermo- to supramediterranean riparian alluvial willow scrub on the alluvia of mineral-poor rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion discolori-neotrichae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

pur05 | For the formal correction see Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002a: 242−243). (L. Mucina).

HB01H (PUR-01H) Salicion cantabricae Rivas-Mart., T.E. Díaz et Penas in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Cantabrian submediterranean montane pioneer willow scrub on the alluvia of mineral-poor rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion cantabricae Rivas-Mart., T.E. Díaz et Penas in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

HB01I (PUR-01I) Salicion pedicellatae Galán de Mera, Pérez Latorre et Cabezudo in Pérez Latorre et al. 1999

Southern Iberian, Maghrebinian and Calabro-Sicilian thermo- to supramediterranean riparian alluvial willow scrub on the alluvia of mineral-poor rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion pedicellatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

HB01J (PUR-01J) Salicion apennino-purpureae Biondi et Allegrezza in Biondi et al. 2014

Apennine submediterranean submontane-montane pioneer willow scrub on gravel alluvial riverine terraces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion apennino-purpureae Biondi et Allegrezza in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

HB02 (PUR-02) Tamaricetalia ramosissimae Borza et Boşcaiu ex Dolţu et al. 1980

Tamarisk riverine scrub of the lowland rivers of the Balkan Peninsula and the Sarmatian region of Southern Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricetalia ramosissimae Borza et Boşcaiu ex Dolţu et al. 1980

Synonyms

HB02A (PUR-02A) Tamaricion parviflorae I. Kárpáti et V. Kárpáti 1961

Tamarisk riverine scrub on coarse gravelly soils on lowland river banks of the western regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamaricion parviflorae I. Kárpáti et V. Kárpáti 1961

Synonyms

HB02B (PUR-02B) Artemisio scopariae-Tamaricion ramosissimae Simon et Dihoru 1963

Tamarisk riverine scrub on coarse gravelly soils on lowland rivers banks of the eastern regions of the Balkan Peninsula and the Sarmatian region of Southern Ukraine and Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio scopariae-Tamaricion ramosissimae Simon et Dihoru 1963

Synonyms

HB03 (PUR-03) Rubo bollei-Salicetalia canariensis Rivas-Mart. in Capelo et al. 2000

Willow woodlands on silt-rich alluvia, recent landslides and in beds of irregular streams of Madeira and the Canary Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rubo bollei-Salicetalia canariensis Rivas-Mart. in Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

Remark

pur07 | Iberian (both Spanish and Portuguese) as well as Canarian vegetation scientists traditionally classify the vegetation of this order within the Pruno-Lauretea azoricae. This approach, however, does not follow several principles adopted by this vegetation system, the principle of zonality (the Rubo-Salicetalia canariensis are obviously azonal), the ecological differences (Rubo-Salicetalia are riparian − under periodic although not necessarily regular influence of flood disturbance) and floristic criteria. Species composition of the Rubo-Salicetalia communities is very different from those of the other two orders within the Pruno-Lauretea azoricae and definitely poorer in endemics than the Andryalo-Ericetalia and/or Pruno-Lauretalia azoricae. (L. Mucina) This argument is challenged by JC and ASG who prefer the traditional classification option and classify the Rubo bollei-Salicetalia canariensis in the Pruno lusitanicae-Lauretea azoricae.

HB03A (PUR-03A) Salicion canariensis Rivas-Mart., Wildpret, Del Arco, O. Rodríguez, Pérez de Paz, García Gallo, Acebes, T.E. Díaz et Fernández-González ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Willow woodlands on silt-rich alluvia, recent landslides and in beds of irregular streams of Madeira and the Canary Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion canariensis Rivas-Mart., Wildpret, Del Arco, O. Rodríguez, Pérez de Paz, García Gallo, Acebes, T.E. Díaz et Fernández-González ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

IA (ALN) Alnetea glutinosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

European mesotrophic regularly flooded alder carr and birch wooded mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alnetea glutinosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

IA01 (ALN-01) Alnetalia glutinosae Tx. 1937

European mesotrophic regularly flooded alder carr

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alnetalia glutinosae Tx. 1937

Synonyms

IA01A (ALN-01A) Alnion glutinosae Malcuit 1929

European mesotrophic regularly flooded alder carr

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alnion glutinosae Malcuit 1929

Synonyms

Remark

aln02 | The floristic and ecological variation in this alliance justifies recognition of more than one alliance. In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern alone, Clausnitzer (in Berg et al. 2001, 2004) recognised two orders and four alliances, distinguished floristically and ecologically. (J. Dengler).

IA01B (ALN-01B) Frangulo alni-Fraxinion oxycarpae Poldini, Sburlino et Venanzoni in Biondi et al. 2015

Amphiadriatic mesotrophic interdune and karstic ash carr

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frangulo alni-Fraxinion oxycarpae Poldini, Sburlino et Venanzoni in Biondi et al. 2015

Synonyms

IA02 (ALN-02) Salici pentandrae-Betuletalia pubescentis Clausnitzer in Dengler et al. 2004

Eurasian basiphilous birch forests on mesotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salici pentandrae-Betuletalia pubescentis Clausnitzer in Dengler et al. 2004

Synonyms

IA02A (ALN-02A) Salici pentandrae-Betulion pubescentis Clausnitzer in Dengler et al. 2004

Eurasian basiphilous birch forests on mesotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salici pentandrae-Betulion pubescentis Clausnitzer in Dengler et al. 2004

Synonyms

IA03 (ALN-03) Sphagno-Betuletalia pubescentis Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Eurasian acidophilous birch forests on mesotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagno-Betuletalia pubescentis Scamoni et Passarge 1959

Synonyms

IA03A (ALN-03A) Betulion pubescentis Lohmeyer et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Eurasian acidophilous wet birch forests on mesotrophic mires

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Betulion pubescentis Lohmeyer et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

IB (FRA) Franguletea Doing ex Westhoff in Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Willow carr of Western Europe, Fennoscandia and the subatlantic regions of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Franguletea Doing ex Westhoff in Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Synonyms

Remark

fra01 | Recognition of this class is based on the principles of zonality/azonality and separation of forest/wood and scrub communities into separate classes. The class has been accepted in vegetation surveys of the Netherlands (Schaminée et al. 1998b), Germany (Weber 1998) and Austria (Willner & Grabherr 2007). The syntaxonomic content of this class is sometimes incorporated in the Rhamno-Prunetea (e.g. Bardat et al. 2004; Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 332, etc.). (L. Mucina).

IB01 (FRA-01) Salicetalia auritae Doing 1962

Willow carr of Western Europe, Fennoscandia and the subatlantic regions of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetalia auritae Doing 1962

Synonyms

IB01A (FRA-01A) Salicion cinereae T. Müller et Görs ex Passarge 1961

Willow carr of Western Europe and the subatlantic regions of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion cinereae T. Müller et Görs ex Passarge 1961

Synonyms

IB01B (FRA-01B) Alno incanae-Salicion pentandrae Kielland-Lund 1981

Alder-willow carr in the boreal zone of Fennoscandia and Northern Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alno incanae-Salicion pentandrae Kielland-Lund 1981

Synonyms

JA (SAG) Saginetea maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

Atlantic-Mediterranean and Macaronesian ephemeral winter-annual vegetation in disturbed saline habitats and inland saline badlands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saginetea maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

Synonyms

Remark

sag01 | The communities of this class typically occupy small disturbed sites within large stands of the Juncetea maritimi Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952, often characterised by some sand deposition. These transitional habitats connect the Juncetea maritimi and the Koelerio-Corynephoretea and support specific taxa that prompted some authors to establish a separate class for this ecotone. However, some other authors have highlighted that in the Saginetea maritimae the character species of the Juncetea maritimi prevail and thus, the Saginetea maritimae should be included in the latter class. For example, Dierßen & Dierßen (1996) suggested subordinating all Nordic syntaxa of the Saginetea maritimae into the Armerion maritimae (Juncetea maritimi). Also, Polte (2001, 2004) found that the Saginetalia maritimae shows such little floristic distinction towards other salt marsh communities that that they do not deserve a status of class in their own right, but rather should be included into the Juncetea maritimi (best placed there as an alliance within the Juncetalia maritimi). An ad hoc implementation of this alternative view would suggest placing the orders Saginetalia maritimae and Frankenietalia pulverulentae in the Juncetea maritimi. (J. Dengler) K. Dierssen also suggests that because the character species of the class show regionally different frequency, the distinction of this class from the Juncetea maritimi is weak. The opinions expressed above focus on floristic co-occurrence that might be a result of sampling scale; they also neglect the unique ecological nature of the Saginetea maritimae. The communities of this class occur in ecotonal situations spanning two different contrasting macrohabitats of the coastal dunes and coastal salt marshes, linked by steep dry-wet and fresh-saline gradients. The communities of the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea can be seen as a 'freshwater' analogue. The dynamic ecology (ecological filters or selective pressures) of these transitional habitats selects for a unique set of flora characterised by increased occurrence of short-lived herbs. It is not surprising that the relevés of the Saginetea maritimae communities have high number of the Juncetea maritimi species. Firstly, the stands of both communities are (as a rule) sampled using different plot sizes (large for the Juncetea maritimi, small for the Saginetea maritimae), hence the Saginetea maritimae species are often 'captured' as belonging to the Juncetea maritimi; and secondly, because of their spatial juxtaposition, admixture of phytocoenologic elements in both directions is a frequent phenomenon. (L. Mucina, J. Schaminée).

JA01 (SAG-01) Saginetalia maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

Atlantic-Mediterranean ephemeral vegetation on aerohaline sandy soils of disturbed salt-marsh fringes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saginetalia maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

Synonyms

JA01A (SAG-01A) Saginion maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

Atlantic and Western Mediterranean short-lived aerohaline vegetation of sandy flats of disturbed salt-marshes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saginion maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

Synonyms

JA01B (SAG-01B) Spergularion macrorhizae Gamisans 1990

Cyrno-Sardean short-lived aerohaline vegetation of sandy flats of disturbed salt-marshes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spergularion macrorhizae Gamisans 1990

Synonyms

JA01C (SAG-01C) Junco ranarii-Plantaginion commutatae Horvatić 1934

Adriatic short-lived aerohaline vegetation of sandy flats of disturbed salt-marshes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Junco ranarii-Plantaginion commutatae Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

JA01D (SAG-01D) Romuleo-Saginion (Wolff 1968) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Northern Aegean short-lived aerohaline vegetation of sandy flats of disturbed salt-marshes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Romuleo-Saginion (Wolff 1968) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

sag03 | Wolff (1968) described the ‘Saginion mediterraneum’ and assigned one validly described association (the Romuleo-Saginetum maritimae Wolff 1968) into this alliance. The latter association automatically becomes the holotypus of the alliance. As the character species of the alliance Wolff (l.c.) listed Bellis annua and Polypogon maritimum. This syntaxon represents an ecologically and geographically well-defined vegetation unit of the Saginetea maritimae in the Eastern Mediterranean. Here I introduce a nomen novum for this alliance, rectifying its illegitimate status (IPCN art. 34a). (L. Mucina).

JA01E (SAG-01E) Sileno sedoidis-Catapodion loliacei de Foucault et Bioret 2010

Southern Aegean and Cypriotic short-lived aerohaline vegetation of sandy flats of disturbed salt-marshes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sileno sedoidis-Catapodion loliacei de Foucault et Bioret 2010

Synonyms

Remark

sag04 | This alliance concept is acceptable under the provision of the exclusion of the units listed under columns 27 through 29 in Table 1 of de Foucault & Bioret (2010) that represent communities of the Western Mediterranean provenience. (L. Mucina).

JA02 (SAG-02) Frankenietalia pulverulentae Rivas-Mart. ex Castroviejo et Porta 1976

Ephemeral vegetation on clayey and silty saline soils of the Mediterranean and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frankenietalia pulverulentae Rivas-Mart. ex Castroviejo et Porta 1976

Synonyms

JA02A (SAG-02A) Frankenion pulverulentae Rivas-Mart. ex Castroviejo et Porta 1976

Ephemeral vegetation on clayey saline soils of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frankenion pulverulentae Rivas-Mart. ex Castroviejo et Porta 1976

Synonyms

JA02B (SAG-02B) Polypogonion subspathacei Gamisans 1990

Ephemeral vegetation on clayey saline soils of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polypogonion subspathacei Gamisans 1990

Synonyms

JA02C (SAG-02C) Gaudinio-Podospermion cani S. Brullo et Siracusa 2000

Ephemeral vegetation on clayey saline soils of the Siculo-Calabrian badlands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gaudinio-Podospermion cani S. Brullo et Siracusa 2000

Synonyms

JA02D (SAG-02D) Pholiuro-Spergularion Pignatti 1952

Ephemeral aerohaline vegetation on fine-grained soils of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pholiuro-Spergularion Pignatti 1952

Synonyms

Remark

new, sag05 | This alliance is also listed as syntax. syn. of the alliance SAG-01C Junco ranarii-Plantaginion commutatae Horvatić 1934. The correct name and position of this alliance must be evaluated by a syntaxonomic revision. (remark added by WW in April 2022)

JA02E (SAG-02E) Mesembryanthemion nodiflori Nègre 1959

Ephemeral halo-nitrophilous aerohaline succulent therophytic vegetation on sandy and silty soils of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mesembryanthemion nodiflori Nègre 1959

Synonyms

JA02F (SAG-02F) Mesembryanthemion crystallini Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Ephemeral Western Mediterranean and Macaronesian subhalophilous alien succulent therophytic vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mesembryanthemion crystallini Rivas-Mart. et al. 1993

Synonyms

JB (CRI) Crithmo-Staticetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Rupicolous vegetation of salt-sprayed coastal cliffs of the Atlantic and Mediterranean seaboards of Europe, North Africa and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmo-Staticetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

cri01 | The concept of the Crithmo-Staticetea as presented in this survey contains four orders, of which the Crithmo-Staticetalia encompasses communities of strongly halophilous, species-poor herbaceous vegetation of rocky cliffs at the sea-land interface (both along the Atlantic and Mediterranean seashores). Two other orders characterise coastal vegetation on hard rocky substrates under sea-borne salt influence, occupying ecotonal habitats on the inland border of the salt-spray zone, hence mediating between the Crithmo-Staticetalia and coastal tomillar/phrygana and low-grown garrigue of the Rosmarinetea, the Cisto-Lavanduletea (less frequently) and the Cisto-Micromerietea. The ecotonal communities of this type are species-rich and contain elements of both neigbouring vegetation types as well as a suite of endemics ecologically limited to this vegetation. The Crithmo-Armerietalia was described to accommodate the communities of the Atlantic seaboards, while the Helichrysetalia italici encompasses the Mediterranean group of communities. The last order, the Frankenio-Astydametalia, is an endemic unit of the Macaronesian archipelago. (L. Mucina).

JB01 (CRI-01) Crithmo-Staticetalia Molinier 1934

Rupicolous vegetation of salt-sprayed cliffs of the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Europe, North Africa and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmo-Staticetalia Molinier 1934

Synonyms

JB01A (CRI-01A) Crithmion maritimi Tx. et Oberd. 1958

Rupicolous vegetation of salt-sprayed rocky cliffs of the Atlantic coasts of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmion maritimi Tx. et Oberd. 1958

Synonyms

JB01B (CRI-01B) Crithmo-Staticion Molinier 1934

Rupicolous dwarf-herb vegetation of salt-sprayed limestone cliffs of the Tyrrhenian and Ligurian coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmo-Staticion Molinier 1934

Synonyms

JB01C (CRI-01C) Crithmo-Daucion halophili Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990

Rupicolous dwarf-herb vegetation of salt-sprayed cliffs of the southwestern Iberian Peninsula and Northern Morocco

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmo-Daucion halophili Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990

Synonyms

JB01D (CRI-01D) Limonion anfracti-cancellati (Horvatić 1934) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Rupicolous herb-rich vegetation of salt-sprayed rocky cliffs of the Adriatic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion anfracti-cancellati (Horvatić 1934) Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cri07 | The introduction of the nomen novum is inevitable since the name Staticion dalmaticum Horvatić 1934 carries a geographic epithet; there is no 'Statice dalmatica' listed in the protologue of the latter alliance (see Horvatić 1934). Here we designate the Plantagini-Staticetum cancellati Horvatić 1934 as the lectotypus (hoc loco) of the Limonion anfracti-cancellati. The diagnostic (character) species of the alliance are: Limonium anfractum, L. cancellatum, L. diomedeum, L. dubium, L. vestitum and Goniolimon dalmaticum. Trinajstić (2008: 17−18) classified the contents of this alliance within the 'Crithmo-Limonion Br.-Bl. et Molinier 1934'. (L. Mucina).

JB01E (CRI-01E) Crithmo-Frankenion hirsutae Mayer 1995

Rupicolous herb-rich vegetation of salt-sprayed cliffs of peninsular Hellas and the Aegean islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmo-Frankenion hirsutae Mayer 1995

Synonyms

JB01F (CRI-01F) Kochio prostratae-Limonion meyeri Korzhenevskii 1987

Rupicolous herb-rich vegetation on salt-sprayed rock cliffs of the Crimean coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Kochio prostratae-Limonion meyeri Korzhenevskii 1987

Synonyms

JB02 (CRI-02) Helichrysetalia italici Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994

Sub-aerohaline coastal dwarf scrub on inland edges of salt-sprayed cliffs of the Mediterranean seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helichrysetalia italici Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994

Synonyms

Remark

cri08 | The communities of this order are found in a natural ecotone between the coastal vegetation under direct influence of sea-born salt spray and the coastal tomillar/phrygana and garrigue occupying coastal habitats, yet without marked influence of air-borne salt. This transitional position would suggest that this order might be classified either within the Rosmarinetea (at least in the Western and Central Mediterranean) or within the Crithmo-Staticetea. The original (Géhu & Biondi 1994) classification of this order within the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae is not logical as the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae was coined to capture vegetation of stabilized grey hind dunes (see Bon & Géhu 1973), hence soft sedimentary substrates, whereas the Helichrysetalia italici comprise communities of hard-rock, coastal cliff habitats. The intricacy of this situation comes to light in a paper by Biondi (2007) who classified a part of the Helichrysetalia italici within the Rosmarinetea or the Helichryso-Crucianelletea while the other part (Senecionetalia cinereae, with the type alliance Anthyllidion barbae-jovis) was classified in the Crithmo-Staticetea. (L. Mucina).

JB02A (CRI-02A) Dactylido hispanicae-Helichrysion stoechadis Géhu et Biondi in Géhu 1994

Coastal dwarf scrub on salt-sprayed cliffs of the coasts of Southern France and the Cantabro-Atlantic region of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dactylido hispanicae-Helichrysion stoechadis Géhu et Biondi in Géhu 1994

Synonyms

JB02B (CRI-02B) Astragalion tragacanthae (Folch ex Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Rupicolous pulvinate scrub on the wind-exposed coastal rocks of the coasts of Eastern Spain and Southern Portugal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Astragalion tragacanthae (Folch ex Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi 1999) Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

JB02C (CRI-02C) Launaeion cervicornis (O. de Bolòs et Vigo ex Gil et Llorens 1995) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Coastal pulvinate scrub on salt-sprayed cliffs of the Balearic Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Launaeion cervicornis (O. de Bolòs et Vigo ex Gil et Llorens 1995) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

JB02D (CRI-02D) Euphorbion pithyusae Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994

Thermomediterranean subsaline chamaephytic garrigue on coastal cliffs of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion pithyusae Biondi et Géhu in Géhu et Biondi 1994

Synonyms

JB02E (CRI-02E) Anthyllidion barbae-jovis S. Brullo et De Marco 1989

Subaerohaline coastal dwarf scrub on salt-sprayed cliffs of the eastern Tyrrhenian Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthyllidion barbae-jovis S. Brullo et De Marco 1989

Synonyms

JB02F (CRI-02F) Crucianellion rupestris S. Brullo et Furnari 1990

Subaerohaline dwarf scrub on salt-sprayed cliffs of the European and North African coasts of the Lybian Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crucianellion rupestris S. Brullo et Furnari 1990

Synonyms

JB02G (CRI-02G) Elytrigio bessarabicae-Lactucion tataricae Korzhenevskii ex Didukh et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Subaerohaline grasslands on limestone boulder-pebble beaches of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elytrigio bessarabicae-Lactucion tataricae Korzhenevskii ex Didukh et Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cri10 | Korzhenevskii (2001) designated the Crithmo-Elytrigietum bessarabicae senecionetosum bicoloris as the ‘type’ of the Crithmo-Elytrigietum bessarabicae Korzhenevskii 2001. This is unacceptable according to the IPCN (a type of an association must be a relevé, not one of its subordinate syntaxa). Therefore we validate here the Crithmo-Elytrigietum bessarabicae Korzhenevskii ex Mucina et Didukh ass. nov. hoc loco by selecting its holotypus hoc loco (Korzhenevskii 2001: Tab. 5, rel. 1) and use this validated association as the nomenclature type (holotypus hoc loco) of the Elytrigio bessarabicae-Lactucion tataricae. The diagnostic species of the alliance are listed in Tab. 5 in Korzhenevskii (2001: 119). (L. Mucina, Y. Didukh).

JB03 (CRI-03) Crithmo-Armerietalia maritimae Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1984

Subaerohaline coastal grasslands on inland edges of salt-sprayed rocky cliffs of the temperate and boreal European Atlantic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crithmo-Armerietalia maritimae Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1984

Synonyms

JB03A (CRI-03A) Silenion maritimae Maloch 1971

Subaerohaline coastal grasslands on inland edges of salt-sprayed rocky cliffs of the Atlantic coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, France and southern coasts of Great Britain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Silenion maritimae Maloch 1971

Synonyms

JB03B (CRI-03B) Cochleario officinalis-Armerion maritimae Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1984

Subaerohaline coastal grasslands on inland edges of salt-sprayed rocky cliffs of the boreo-atlantic coasts of Scotland and Iceland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cochleario officinalis-Armerion maritimae Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1984

Synonyms

JB04 (CRI-04) Frankenio-Astydamietalia Santos 1976

Rupicolous vegetation of salt-sprayed coastal cliffs of the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frankenio-Astydamietalia Santos 1976

Synonyms

JB04A (CRI-04A) Frankenio-Astydamion latifoliae Santos 1976

Vegetation of salt-sprayed coastal cliffs of the Canary Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frankenio-Astydamion latifoliae Santos 1976

Synonyms

JB04B (CRI-04B) Euphorbio azoricae-Festucion petraeae Lüpnitz 1976

Vegetation of salt-sprayed coastal cliffs of the Azores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbio azoricae-Festucion petraeae Lüpnitz 1976

Synonyms

JB04C (CRI-04C) Helichrysion obconico-devium Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Vegetation of salt-sprayed coastal cliffs of Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helichrysion obconico-devium Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

JC (CAK) Cakiletea maritimae Tx. et Preising in Tx. ex Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous short-lived vegetation in strandlines of sandy and shingle beaches of the coasts of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cakiletea maritimae Tx. et Preising in Tx. ex Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

Synonyms

JC01 (CAK-01) Atriplicetalia littoralis Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of cold-temperate and boreal strandlines of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Atriplicetalia littoralis Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

JC01A (CAK-01A) Atriplicion littoralis Nordhagen 1940

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous vegetation of silty strandlines of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Atriplicion littoralis Nordhagen 1940

Synonyms

Remark

cak02 | Pignatti (1954: 50) used this syntaxonomic concept to accommodate two associations, namely the 'Matricario maritimae-Atriplicetum litoralis (Christ. 1933) Tx. 1950' and the 'Ass. A Kochia scoparia e Chenopodium ambrosioides Pign. 1953 provv.'. The latter is obviously invalid (ICPN art. 3b) and represents a ruderal community close to the Atriplicion Passarge 1978 (Sisymbrietalia). The former community is dominated by annuals and described from the Italian Adriatic coast and hence does not match the original concept of the Atriplicion littoralis sensu Nordhagen (1940) and Tüxen (1950). The Matricario-Atriplicetum littoralis is a community of the Mediterranean Euphorbion peplidis Tx. ex Oberd. 1952. (L. Mucina).

JC01B (CAK-01B) Salsolo-Minuartion peploidis Tx. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous vegetation of sandy and gravelly strandlines of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salsolo-Minuartion peploidis Tx. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

Synonyms

JC01C (CAK-01C) Agropyro-Rumicion Nordhagen 1940 nom. ambig. rejic. propos.

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous vegetation of coastal shingle beaches of the boreo-atlantic coasts of the Baltic and North Seas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyro-Rumicion Nordhagen 1940 nom. ambig. rejic. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

cak04 | The Agropyro-Rumicion crispi Nordhagen 1940 has been described as communities of maritime strandline communities. However, that name has later been used predominantly for inland communities of flooded pastures (e.g. Pott 1995). The true Agropyro-Rumicion crispi communities and the inland communities of flooded pastures (correct name as applied here: Potentillion anserinae Tx. 1947 in the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea) have little in common, except for Rumex crispus and Potentilla anserina (Sýkora 1980). Because of the frequent misapplication of the name Agropyro-Rumicion crispi in a way that excludes its nomenclatural type, the Agropyro-Rumicion crispi becomes a candidate for nomen ambiguum (see also Theurillat 1997). (J. Dengler, L. Mucina).

JC02 (CAK-02) Cakiletalia edentulae Thannheiser 1981

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of the boreo-arctic and European and North American coasts of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cakiletalia edentulae Thannheiser 1981

Synonyms

Remark

cak05 | This order could be included in the Atriplicetalia littoralis. (K. Dierssen).

JC02A (CAK-02A) Cakilion edentulae Thannheiser 1981

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of the boreo-atlantic European and the Azorean coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cakilion edentulae Thannheiser 1981

Synonyms

Remark

cak06 | This alliance could be included in the Atriplicion littoralis. (K. Dierssen).

JC02B (CAK-02B) Atriplicion nudicaulis Golub et al. 2003 nom. inval. (5a)

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of the Arctic White Sea coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Atriplicion nudicaulis Golub et al. 2003

Synonyms

JC03 (CAK-03) Thero-Atriplicetalia Pignatti 1953

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of the Cantabro-Atlantic, the Mediterranean and the Black Sea coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thero-Atriplicetalia Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

Remark

cak07 | The Thero-Atriplicetalia (Pignatti 1953: 69) is validly published because the holotypus of the order, the Thero-Atriplicion Pignatti 1953 (syntaxonomic synonym of the older Euphorbion peplidis Tx. ex Oberd. 1952) was validly published. (L. Mucina).

JC03A (CAK-03A) Euphorbion peplidis Tx. ex Oberd. 1952

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of the Cantabro-Atlantic and the Mediterranean coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion peplidis Tx. ex Oberd. 1952

Synonyms

JC03B (CAK-03B) Cakilion euxinae Géhu et al. 1994

Pioneer halo-nitrophilous strandline vegetation of the Black Sea coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cakilion euxinae Géhu et al. 1994

Synonyms

Remark

cak09 | This unit could possibly be incorporated in the Euphorbion peploidis since it is differentiated from the latter only by the occurrence of Cakile maritima subsp. euxina and its limited distribution to the shores of the Black Sea. (L. Mucina).

JD (AMM) Ammophiletea arundinaceae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Tall-grass perennial swards, dwarf scrub and grasslands on mobile and stabilized coastal dunes of the warm-temperate Atlantic, Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ammophiletea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

Remark

amm01 | In the region covered by this paper, the Ammophiletea comprises three orders, namely the cool and warm-temperate Ammophiletalia, the cold temperate and Arctic-Eurasian Honckenyo-Elymetalia arenarii (sometimes considered as a class in its own right, the Honckenyo-Elymetea arenarii), and the Arctic-North American Ammophiletalia brevilingulatae. (L. Mucina).

JD01 (AMM-01) Ammophiletalia arundinaceae Br.-Bl. 1933

Tall-grass perennial swards on mobile white and embryonic coastal dunes of the warm-temperate Atlantic and Mediterranean coast

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ammophiletalia Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

JD01A (AMM-01A) Ammophilion Br.-Bl. 1921

Tall-grass perennial swards on mobile white and embryonic coastal sand dunes of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ammophilion Br.-Bl. 1921

Synonyms

Remark

amm04 | Braun-Blanquet (1921: 347) named this alliance first as 'Ammophilion littori-arenariae', however renamed it in the same line as 'Ammophilion'. This unit is validly published since it clearly contains the validly published 'Ammophila-Medicago marina-Assoziation' (documented in the same paper by a table containing 8 relevés). (L. Mucina).

JD02 (AMM-02) Crucianelletalia maritimae Sissingh 1974

Mediterranean and warm-temperate Atlantic dwarf scrub and grasslands on stabilized coastal hind dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crucianelletalia maritimae Sissingh 1974

Synonyms

Remark

cru05 | Bardat et al. (2004) consider this order a synonym of the Ammophiletalia. (L. Mucina).

JD02A (AMM-02A) Ononidion ramosissimae Pignatti 1953

Western and Central Mediterranean dwarf scrub on stabilised coastal hind dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crucianellion maritimae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1958

Synonyms

JD02B (AMM-02B) Diantho attenuati-Scrophularion caninae Baudière et Simonneau 1974 nom. corr. et mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Sandy grasslands and dwarf scrub on base-rich stabilised grey hind dunes of the shores of the Gulf of Lions (Languedoc and Northern Catalonia)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diantho catalaunici-Scrophularion humifusae Baudière et Simonneau 1974

Synonyms

JD02C (AMM-02C) Helichryso barrelieri-Centaureion spinosae Mucina et Dimopoulos in Mucina et al. 2016

Aegean and Marmarean hemisphaeric-scrub coastal phygana on stabilised coastal hind dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helichryso barrelieri-Centaureion spinosae Mucina et Dimopoulos in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cru08 | The Helichryso barrelieri-Centaureion spinosae is herein formally described to accommodate the hemisphaeric- scrub Centaurea spinosa-dominated communities on stabilised coastal hind dunes; these represent a characteristic type of coastal dune phrygana in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Centaurea spinosa is an important floristic element of at least three vegetation classes, the Crithmo-Staticetea, Ammophiletea and Cisto-Micromerietea (Mayer 1995). However, the alliance described represents yet another vegetation type (co-)dominated by Centaurea spinosa and Sarcopoterium spinosum occurring on stabilized hind dunes, a typical habitat of the Helichryso-Crucianelletea maritimae. We assign the Thymbro capitatae-Centaureetum spinosae (the original erroneous spelling: ‘Timbro capitatae-Centaureetum spinosae’) of Géhu (1991: 35, Tab. 2) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Helichryso barrelieri-Centaurion spinosae, and list Anthyllis hermanniae, Centaurea spinosa, Cichorium spinosum, Helichrysum stoechas subsp. barrelieri, Linum strictum subsp. spicatum and Silene colorata as the diagnostic taxa of the new alliance. (L. Mucina, P. Dimopoulos).

JD02D (AMM-02D) Centaureo cuneifoliae-Verbascion pinnatifidi Brullo in Marcenò et al. 2018

Dwarf scrub and grasslands on stabilized coastal dunes of the northern Aegean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

JD02E (AMM-02E) Helichrysion picardii (Rivas-Mart., M. Costa et Izco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Iberoatlantic dwarf scrub on stabilised coastal hind dunes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Helichrysion picardii (Rivas-Mart., M. Costa et Izco in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1990) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

JD03 (AMM-03) Leymetalia racemosi Vicherek 1971 nom. corr. et mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Tall-grass perennial swards, dwarf scrub and grasslands on mobile and stabilized coastal hind dunes of the Black Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

JD03A (AMM-03A) Leymion racemosi Morariu 1957 nom. corr. et mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Tall-grass perennial swards on mobile and embryonic coastal sand dunes of the Black Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elymion gigantei Morariu 1957

Synonyms

JD03B (AMM-03B) Sileno thymifoliae-Jurineion kilaeae Géhu et Uslu ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Grasslands and dwarf-scrub vegetation on stabilised hind dunes of the southwestern coasts of the Black Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sileno thymifoliae-Jurineion kilaeae Géhu et Uslu ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cru09 | The name of this alliance was suggested by Géhu et Uslu (1989: 504). On p. 470 Tab. 11, a list of ‘species of the alliance’ (obviously diagnostic or character species) was introduced. Of three associations (‘Stachyo subcrenatae-Centaureetum kilaeae ass. nov.’, ‘Peucedano obtusifolii-Centaureetum beckeri ass. nov.’ and ‘Sarcopoterio-Centaureetum spinosae Secmen et Leblebici 1978 nom. nov.’) assigned in the protologue to this alliance, none was designed at typus of the alliance and therefore the Sileno thymifoliae-Jurineion kilaeae was invalidly published and remained invalidly published also in Tzonev et al. (2005). Here I designate the validly described Stachyo subcrenatae-Centaureetum kilaeae Géhu et Uslu 1989 (Géhu & Uslu 1989: 470, Tab. 11) as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Sileno thymifoliae-Jurineion kilaeae. (L. Mucina).

JD03C (AMM-03C) Lomelosion ucranicae Boscaiu 1975 mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Grasslands and dwarf-scrub vegetation on stabilised hind dunes of the eastern coasts of the Black Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scabiosion ucranicae Sanda et al. 1980

Synonyms

JD03D (AMM-03D) Cynodonto dactyli-Teucrion polii Korzhenevskii et Klyukin ex Korzhenevskii et Kvitnytskaya in Ryff 2018

Grasslands and dwarf-scrub vegetation on stabilised hind dunes of the northern and northeastern coasts of the Black and Azov Seas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cynodonto-Teucrion polii Korzhenevskii et Kliukin 1990

Synonyms

JE (HON) Honckenyo peploidis-Leymetea arenarii Tüxen 1966 mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Tall-grass perennial swards on the mobile white and embryonic coastal dunes and shingle beaches of the warm-temperate to boreal Atlantic-Baltic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

JE01 (HON-01) Leymetalia arenarii Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952 mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Perennial grassy swards on rocky beaches, cliffs and embryonic dunes of the cold temperate and arctic shores of Europe, the European Arctic islands and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Honckenyo-Elymetalia arenarii Tx. 1966

Synonyms

JE01A (HON-01A) Elytrigio boreoatlanticae-Honckenyion peploidis Tx. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952 mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Perennial grassy swards on coastal foredunes of the cold-temperate Atlantic and the Baltic seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyro-Honckenyion peploidis Tx. in Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952 nom. mut. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

amm07 | Dengler in Berg et al. (2004: 587) formally suggested this name mutation. The Nomenclature Commission suggested approving the proposal (Willner et al. 2011). According to KD this alliance should be included in the Elymion arenarii (recte: Ammophilion). The latter opinion is shared by Bardat et al. (2004) who accepted Géhu's (1988a) proposal to handle this syntaxon as the suballiance 'Agropyro boreoatlantici-Minuartienion peploidis (Tüxen in Braun-Blanq. & Tüxen 1952) Géhu 1988' within the Ammophilion. (L. Mucina).

JE01B (HON-01B) Leymion arenarii Christiansen 1927 mut. Marcenò et al. 2024

Tall-grass perennial swards on mobile white and embryonic coastal dunes of the temperate North Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elymion arenarii Christiansen 1927

Synonyms

JE01D (HON-01D) Mertensio maritimae-Honckenyion diffusae Tx. et Géhu in Géhu 1998

Perennial grassy swards on coastal shingle beaches of the subarctic and arctic coasts of Northern Europe, the Arctic Ocean archipelagos and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mertensio maritimae-Honckenyion diffusae Tx. et Géhu in Géhu 1998

Synonyms

JE02 (HON-02) Ammophiletalia breviligulatae Galiano 1959

Perennial grassy swards on rocky and sandy and shingle beaches of the shores of Greenland and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ammophiletalia breviligulatae Galiano 1959

Synonyms

JE02A (HON-02A) Honckenyo diffusae-Leymion mollis Géhu 1999

Perennial grassy swards on rocky and sandy and shingle beaches of the shores of Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Honckenyo diffusae-Leymion mollis Géhu 1999

Synonyms

KA (ADI) Adiantetea Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Relict chomophytic and chasmophytic vegetation in the shaded and water-splashed habitats of the Mediterranean, the Atlantic islands, North Africa and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adiantetea Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

adi01 | Zechmeister (1993) and Zechmeister & Mucina (1994) classify the contents of this class into the Montio-Cardaminetalia (Montio-Cardaminetea). Indeed these communities share many species (especially cryptogams) typical of the water-spring vegetation, but they also show ecological characteristics of chasmophytic vegetation typically classified within the Asplenietea trichomanis (substrate is raw bedrock, plants growing often in rock crevices, steep or vertical inclinations etc.). The relict character of the Adiantetea (which are also found in sheltered habitats of the North African and Arabian mountain ranges; Deil 1989, 1996, 1998) is yet another character shared with some of the Mediterranean Asplenietea units. We can presume that many of the habitats supporting Adiantetea today did not suffer from dramatic Pleistocene cyclic climatic change events (including glaciations), hence these micro-habitats might have continually supported this vegetation as remotely as the Middle and Upper Tertiary. The low species diversity and small species pool that contribute to the assembly of the Adiantetea communities make it difficult to make syntaxonomic judgements based purely on floristic-sociological criteria. It is rather its controversial transitional (between the Asplenietea and the Montio-Cardaminetea) as well as relict occurrence on a suite of endemic relicts that motivate preserving the identity of the Adiantetea as class in its own right. (L. Mucina) The name of the class was validly published for the first time in Braun-Blanquet et al. (1952) and the original diagnosis of the class contains the 'Adiantetalia Br.-Bl. 1931' comprising the 'Adiantion Br.-Bl. 1931' (both names invalidly published in Braun-Blanquet 1931). The unique association of the alliance, the 'Eucladieto-Adiantetum Br.-Bl. 1931', was validly published in Br.-Bl. et al. (1952: a synoptic table), hence the correct name of the association becomes 'Eucladio-Adiantetum Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al.1952'. The latter association is the nomenclature type of the Adiantion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952, which in turn, is the typus the Adiantetalia Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952. (LM) The latter alliance and order are both later homonyms (ICPN art. 31) of the names 'Adiantion Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934' and 'Adiantietalia Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934' to which reference is not made in Br.-Bl. et al. (1952). (J.-P. Theurillat).

KA01 (ADI-01) Adiantetalia Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Relict chomophytic and chasmophytic vegetation in shaded and water-splashed habitats of the Mediterranean, the Atlantic islands, North Africa and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adiantetalia Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

KA01A (ADI-01A) Adiantion Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Relict fern-rich chasmophytic communities in shaded and water-splashed habitats of the Mediterranean, the Atlantic islands, North Africa and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Adiantion Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

KA01B (ADI-01B) Pinguiculion longifoliae Fernández Casas 1970

Relict herb-rich chomophytic vegetation in shaded water-splashed habitats of the Mediterranean, North Africa and Middle East

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinguiculion longifoliae Fernández Casas 1970

Synonyms

KB (POD) Polypodietea Jurko et Peciar ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

Chomophytic, chasmophytic and epiphytic vegetation of fern- and moss-rich communities in crevices and on the surface of rocky cliffs of temperate and mediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polypodietea Jurko et Peciar ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

Synonyms

Remark

pod01 | The nomenclatural history of this class name, as well as of those of the Anogrammo-Polypodietea and the Anomodonto-Polypodietea, will be elucidated in a separate paper Theurillat et al. (in prep.). (L. Mucina).

KB01 (POD-01) Hypno cupressiformi-Polypodietalia vulgaris Jurko et Peciar ex Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2015

Fern- and moss-rich chomophytic, chasmophytic and epiphytic vegetation of shaded rock faces and bark of old trees of cool-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hypno cupressiformi-Polypodietalia vulgaris Jurko et Peciar ex Mucina et Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2015

Synonyms

KB01A (POD-01A) Hypno-Polypodion vulgaris Mucina 1993

Fern-rich vegetation of siliceous shaded rock crevices in the colline and submontane belts of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hypno-Polypodion vulgaris Mucina 1993

Synonyms

KB02 (POD-02) Anomodonto-Polypodietalia serrati O. de Bolòs et Vives in O. de Bolòs 1957

Mediterranean and Madeirean-Azorean fern- and moss-rich chomophytic and chasmophytic vegetation of shaded rock faces and epiphytic on branches of old trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anomodonto-Polypodietalia serrati O. de Bolòs et Vives in O. de Bolòs 1957

Synonyms

KB02A (POD-02A) Polypodion serrati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Circum-mediterranean fern-rich epilithic communities of shaded rock faces and crevices and epiphytic on branches of old trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polypodion serrati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

KB02B (POD-02B) Arenarion balearicae O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1969

Chomophytic and chasmophytic herb-rich vegetation of shaded limestone rock faces and crevices of the Tyrrhenian Sea archipelago

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arenarion balearicae O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1969

Synonyms

KB02C (POD-02C) Hymenophyllion tunbrigensis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958

Sciophilous chomophytic and epiphytic fern-rich vegetation in humid and perhumid regions of the Atlantic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hymenophyllion tunbrigensis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958

Synonyms

Remark

pod06 | The name 'Hymenophyllion tunbrigensis Tüxen 1954' (recte: Hymenophyllion tunbrigensis Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958) was validly published by Tüxen & Oberdorfer (1958: 245). However, in order to find the bibliographical reference to a validly published diagnosis of the ‘Irish association Hymenophylletum Br.-Bl. 1950 of the region of Killarney’ belonging to the alliance, one has to consider the description of the alliance in the context of the discussion on the association Blechno-Quercetum roboris on pages 238−244. The Hymenophyllion is explicitly mentioned as an appendix (‘Anhang’) of the latter. It is specifically indicated that the alliance 'Hymenophyllion' is related to the Dryopteris aemula subassociation discussed on pages 241−243. On p. 243, Tüxen and Oberdorfer referred to page 385 in Braun-Blanquet & Tüxen (1952) to a transitional relevé of the Blechno-Quercetum not belonging to the subassociation, followed, on p. 386 with the valid publication of the 'Hymenophylletum Br.-Bl. 1950' occurring in the region of Killarney (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina). K. Dierssen suggests that this unit should be considered as representing a synusia in the Pruno hixae-Lauretea.

KB02D (POD-02D) Thelypterido pozoi-Woodwardion radicantis Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Madeirean-Azorean hyperoceanic fern-rich vegetation of rocky crevices and steep shaded loamy slopes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thelipterido pozoi-Woodwardion radicantis Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

Synonyms

KB03 (POD-03) Ctenidio-Polypodietalia vulgaris Jurko et Peciar ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

Vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices at low altitudes of cool-temperate and submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ctenidio-Polypodietalia vulgaris Jurko et Peciar ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

Synonyms

KB03A (POD-03A) Ctenidio-Polypodion vulgaris S. Brullo et al. 2001

Vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices of the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ctenidio-Polypodion vulgaris S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

KB03B (POD-03B) Moehringion muscosae Horvat et Horvatić ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

Vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices of southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Moehringion muscosae Horvat et Horvatić ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

Synonyms

KB03C (POD-03C) Polysticho setiferi-Phyllitidion scolopendrii Ubaldi ex Ubaldi et Biondi in Biondi et al. 2014

Vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices of the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polysticho setiferi-Phyllitidion scolopendrii Ubaldi ex Ubaldi et Biondi in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

KB04 (POD-04) Violo biflorae-Cystopteridetalia alpinae Fernández Casas 1970

Vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices at high altitudes of cool-temperate Europe and in boreal-subarctic regions of the Arctic Ocean islands and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violo biflorae-Cystopteridetalia alpinae Fernández Casas 1970

Synonyms

KB04A (POD-04A) Violo biflorae-Cystopteridion alpinae Fernández Casas 1970

Vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices at high altitudes of cool-temperate Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violo biflorae-Cystopteridion alpinae Fernández Casas 1970

Synonyms

KB04B (POD-04B) Cochlearion alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. 1952

Relict boreo-arctic vegetation of shady calcareous rock faces and crevices at low altitudes of the British Isles and Scandinavia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cochlearion alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. 1952

Synonyms

KB05 (POD-05) Petrocoptidetalia pyrenaicae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó in Rivas-Mart. in al. 2002

Orocantabrian and Pre-Pyrenean calcareous chasmophytic vegetation of open cave floors and crevices of rock overhangs

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petrocoptidetalia pyrenaicae Rivas-Mart. et Cantó in Rivas-Mart. in al. 2002

Synonyms

KB05A (POD-05A) Valeriano longiflorae-Petrocoptidion Fernández Casas 1972

Pre-Pyrenean submediterranean (sub)montane chasmophytic vegetation of cave openings and rock overhangs, and shady rock crevices

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Valeriano longifoliae-Petrocoptidion Fernández Casas 1972

Synonyms

KB05B (POD-05B) Rupicampanulion Rothmaler 1954

Orocantabro-Bercian meso-supramediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of open cave floors and crevices of rock overhangs

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rupicampanulion Rothmaler 1954

Synonyms

Remark

pod07 | The name 'Rupicampanulion' was published in Rothmaler (1954: 599) with a bibliographical reference to two validly published associations, the Rupicampanuletum cantabricum Rothmaler 1941 and the Saxifragetum trifurcatae Rothmaler 1941, indicating the presence of two species of Campanula in both associations, namely C. adsurgens and C. arvatica. The name 'Petrocoptetum cantabricum' is a nomen nudum in Rothmaler (1941: 119). The use of the ecological prefix 'rupi' (pertaining to the rocky habitats) renders this name illegitimate according to ICPN art. 12, yet the name Rupicampanulion Rothmaler 1954 is validly published. The Rupicampanulion was considered to be a nomen dubium (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 224), yet no reasoning for this suggestion was offered. (L. Mucina).

KC (ASP) Asplenietea trichomanis (Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934) Oberd. 1977

Chasmophytic vegetation of crevices, rocky ledges and faces of rocky cliffs and walls of Europe, North Africa, Middle East, the Arctic archipelagos and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenietea trichomanis (Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934) Oberd. 1977

Synonyms

Remark

asp01 | The Asplenietea trichomanis is a particularly heterogeneous class. These rupicolous plant communities differ not only in species composition, alpha diversity and ecology, but also in overall structure, prevailing life form, and evolutionary history. Especially in the Mediterranean, the cliff habitats have served as refugia for plants to survive unfavourable climatic conditions as well as grazing pressure. There are a large number of plants exclusive to vertical rock, many of them being regional or local endemics. Researchers generally use different plot sizes when exploring plant communities dominated by hemicryptophytes or by nanophanerophytes. It seems therefore reasonable to assemble into one class only those plant communities of comparable plot size and life form. When applying these considerations as criteria to the Asplenietea trichomanis, the class would have to be split to accommodate herb-dominated rocky-fissure dwelling vegetation, and other assemblages dominated by shrubs and chamaephytes (commonly taxonomically isolated relicts such as in East Mediterranean cliffs). Various ecologically and phytogeographically segregated classes have been suggested to encompass 'nitrophilous' chasmophyte communities (Cymbalario-Parietarietea), communities of wet rocks (Adiantetea), communities of Iberian and North African overhanging rocks (Petrocoptido pyrenaicae-Sarcocapnetea enneaphyllae), epiphytic and rupicolous communities of Mediterranean oceanic conditions (Polypodietea), the Canarian Greenovio-Aeonietea and the Ibero-North African chasmophytic vegetation of the Phagnalo-Rumicetea indurati. This concept, however, seems unbalanced and does not satisfactorily structure the enormous range of rupicolous vegetation types. (E. Bergmeier, L. Mucina).

KC01 (ASP-01) Geranio robertiani-Asplenietalia trichomanis Ferrez ex Mucina ined.

Chasmophytic vegetation of semi-shaded and sunny rock faces and crevices in the lowland to submontane belts of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranio robertiani-Asplenietalia trichomanis Ferrez ex Mucina ined.

Synonyms

KC01A (ASP-01A) Asplenio scolopendrii-Geranion robertiani Ferrez 2010

Chasmophytic vegetation of semi-shaded and sunny rock faces and crevices in the lowland to submontane belts of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenio scolopendrii-Geranion robertiani Ferrez 2010

Synonyms

KC01B (ASP-01B) Drabo cuspidatae-Campanulion tauricae Ryff 2000

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs at mid-altitudes of the Crimean mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drabo cuspidatae-Campanulion tauricae Ryff 2000

Synonyms

Remark

asp02 | The position of this alliance within the Geranio robertiani-Asplenietalia trichomanis is problematic and subject to further enquiry. (L. Mucina).

KC02 (ASP-02) Potentilletalia caulescentis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Chasmophytic vegetation of sunny calcareous rock faces and crevices at high altitudes of the nemoral and boreal mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentilletalia caulescentis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

Remark

asp03 | This order at present encompasses 10 alliances and therefore, splitting this broadly conceived order into biogeographically more cohesive units is anticipated. In particular, the Iberian group of alliances could be considered for recognition as an order in its own right, with the rest of the alliances embedded within nemoral-boreal mountain ranges of Central and southeastern Europe would retain the name Potentilletalia caulescentis. (L. Mucina).

KC02A (ASP-02A) Potentillion caulescentis Br.-Bl. In Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Central and Eastern Alps and the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillion caulescentis Br.-Bl. In Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

KC02B (ASP-02B) Physoplexido comosae-Saxifragion petraeae Mucina et Theurillat 2015

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Southern Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Physoplexido comosae-Saxifragion petraeae Mucina et Theurillat 2015

Synonyms

KC02C (ASP-02C) Saxifragion lingulatae (Rioux et Quézel 1949) Quézel 1950

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices at high altitudes of the Maritime Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion lingulatae (Rioux et Quézel 1949) Quézel 1950

Synonyms

KC02D (ASP-02D) Micromerion pulegii Boşcaiu (1971) 1979

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the montane and supramontane belts of the westernmost Southern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Micromerion pulegii Boşcaiu (1971) 1979

Synonyms

KC02E (ASP-02E) Gypsophilion petraeae Borhidi et Pócs in Borhidi 1958

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the subalpine belt of the easternmost Southern and Eastern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gypsophilion petraeae Borhidi et Pócs in Borhidi 1958

Synonyms

KC02F (ASP-02F) Saxifragion mediae Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the montane to alpine belts of the Eastern Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion mediae Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934

Synonyms

KC02G (ASP-02G) Sedo albi-Seslerion hispanicae Br.-Bl. 1966

Chasmophytic vegetation on calcareous substrates in the alpine and subalpine belts of the Western Pyrenees and the Cantabrian Mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedo albi-Seslerion hispanicae Br.-Bl. 1966

Synonyms

Remark

asp05 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (1999: 376) placed this unit into synonymy with the Cymbalario-Asplenion, typified it with the Crepido-Erinetum Br.-Bl. 1966 (Braun-Blanquet 1966: 138, Tab. 2) and then suggested to reject it as a nomen dubium (ICPN art. 38). Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 213) repeated this suggestion and declared the typus they assigned in 1999 to be a nomen dubium. There is little reason to follow this suggestion since the original diagnoses of both the Crepido-Erinetum and the Sedo albi-Seslerion hispanicae are clear and meet all the requirements of the ICPN. As the only validly described association classified by Braun-Blanquet (1966: 138−140) is the 'Crepis albida-Erinus alpinus Ass.', the latter association unit is automatically the holotypus of the alliance. The nomenclatural type (lectotypus) of the Crepido albidae-Erinetum alpinae Br.-Bl. 1966 is relevé 1 in Table 2 in Braun-Blanquet (1966: 139). (L. Mucina).

KC02H (ASP-02H) Asplenio celtiberici-Saxifragion cuneatae Rivas-Mart. in Loidi et Fernández Prieto 1986

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the meso- and supramediterranean belts of the Northern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenio celtiberici-Saxifragion cuneatae Rivas-Mart. in Loidi et Fernández Prieto 1986

Synonyms

KC02I (ASP-02I) Drabion hispanicae Font Quer 1935

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the meso- and supramediterranean belts of the Eastern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drabion hispanicae Font Quer 1935

Synonyms

KC02J (ASP-02J) Saxifragion camposii Cuatrecasas ex Quézel 1953

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices at high altitudes of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion camposii Cuatrecasas ex Quézel 1953

Synonyms

KC02K (ASP-02K) Saxifragion australis Biondi et Ballelli ex S. Brullo 1984

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion australis Biondi et Ballelli ex S. Brullo 1984

Synonyms

KC02L (ASP-02L) Micromerion croaticae Horvat in Blečić 1959

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock faces and crevices in the subalpine belt of the northwestern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Micromerion croaticae Horvat in Blečić 1959

Synonyms

KC03 (ASP-03) Moltkeetalia petraeae Lakušić 1968

Chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices in the montane to alpine belts of the Central and Southern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Moltkeetalia petraeae Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

KC03A (ASP-03A) Edraianthion Lakušić 1968

Chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices in the montane and supramontane belts of the Central and Southern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Edraianthion Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

KC03B (ASP-03B) Amphoricarpion neumayeri Lakušić 1968

Chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices in the subalpine and alpine belts of the Central and Southern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Amphoricarpion neumayeri Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

Remark

asp07 | Lakušić (1968) validly described three alliances from high altitudes of the southeastern Dinarides, differentiated at regional geographic scale, the Amphoricarpion neumayeri, the Amphoricarpion bertiscei and the Amphoricarpion autariati. We suggest that just one alliance would be sufficient to describe the variability of the calcareous crevice vegetation in this limited region and therefore select the Amphoricarpion neumeyeri to carry the name of this united syntaxonomic concept. (L. Mucina).

KC03C (ASP-03C) Edraiantho graminifolii-Erysimion comati Mucina et al. 1990

Chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices and rock faces and in the subalpine and alpine belts in the mountain ranges of the central-western regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Edraiantho graminifolii-Erysimion comati Mucina et al. 1990

Synonyms

KC04 (ASP-04) Asplenietalia glandulosi Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of sunny calcareous rock faces and crevices of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenietalia glandulosi Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934

Synonyms

KC04A (ASP-04A) Asplenion glandulosi Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of the northern Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenion glandulosi Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934

Synonyms

KC04B (ASP-04B) Brassicion insularis Gamisans 1991

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of the Cyrno-Sardean Tyrrhenian coasts and Pantelleria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brassicion insularis Gamisans 1991

Synonyms

KC04C (ASP-04C) Centaureo filiformis-Micromerion cordatae Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1991

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock crevices at high altitudes of Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureo filiformis-Micromerion cordatae Arrigoni et Di Tommaso 1991

Synonyms

KC04D (ASP-04D) Arenarion bertolonii Gamisans ex Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2015

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rock crevices at high altitudes of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arenarion bertolonii Gamisans ex Theurillat in Mucina et al. 2015

Synonyms

KC04E (ASP-04E) Brassico balearicae-Helichrysion rupestris O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1958

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of the Balearic Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brassico balearicae-Helichrysion rupestris O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1958

Synonyms

KC04F (ASP-04F) Teucrion buxifolii Rivas Goday 1956

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of the Eastern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Teucrion buxifolii Rivas Goday 1956

Synonyms

KC04G (ASP-04G) Campanulion velutinae Martínez-Parras et Peinado Lorca 1990

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of southernmost Spain and Northern Morocco

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campanulion velutinae Martínez-Parras et Peinado Lorca 1990

Synonyms

KC04H (ASP-04H) Cosentinio bivalentis-Lafuenteion rotundifoliae Asensi et al. 1990

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of semiarid regions of Southern Spain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cosentinio bivalentis-Lafuenteion rotundifoliae Asensi et al. 1990

Synonyms

KC05 (ASP-05) Centaureo dalmaticae-Campanuletalia pyramidalis Trinajstić ex Terzi et Di Pietro 2016

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone cliffs of the Northern and Central Adriatic coastal regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureo dalmaticae-Campanuletalia pyramidalis Trinajstić ex Terzi et Di Pietro 2016

Synonyms

KC05A (ASP-05A) Centaureo dalmaticae-Campanulion Horvatić 1934

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of the Northern Adriatic seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureo dalmaticae-Campanulion Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

Remark

asp13 | Di Pietro & Wagensommer (2008: 194) typified the name Centaureo-Campanulion by selecting the 'Campanulo-Centaureetum dalmaticae Horvatić (1934) 1937' as the typus. This typification is both invalid and illegitimate. It is invalid because there is no unambiguous bibliographical reference to Horvatić (1937) in Di Pietro & Wagensommer's paper (ICPN art. 19a). Even if Di Pietro & Wagensommer (2008) had provided the required reference, the typification would have been illegitimate because the chosen type should have been the Crithmo-Campanuletum dalmaticae Horvatić 1934 and not the later superfluous name Campanulo-Centaureetum dalmaticae (ICPN art. 19a). Because the name Centaureo-Campanulion has still not been effectively typified, we choose here the Crithmo-Centaureetum dalmaticae Horvatić 1934 (protologue of which contains the alliance's name-giving taxon Centaurea dalmatica) as the lectotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance (Horvatić 1934: 192). (R. Di Pietro, J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

KC05B (ASP-05B) Centaureo cuspidatae-Portenschlagiellion ramosissimae Trinajstić ex Terzi et Di Pietro 2016

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone crevices of the Central and Southern Adriatic seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Centaureo cuspidatae-Portenschlagiellion ramosissimae Trinajstić ex Terzi et Di Pietro 2016

Synonyms

KC05C (ASP-05C) Asperulion garganicae Bianco et al. 1989

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone cliffs of the Monte Gargano (Italy)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asperulion garganicae Bianco et al. 1989

Synonyms

KC06 (ASP-06) Onosmetalia frutescentis Quézel 1968

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone cliffs of the Southern Adriatic and Ionian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onosmetalia frutescentis Quézel 1968

Synonyms

Remark

asp14 | The question of the identity of this order as well as the floristically (and geographically) related Centaureo-Campanuletalia and Asplenietalia glandulosi was reviewed by Dimopoulos et al. (1997) and later analysed by Terzi & D'Amico (2008). Yet these authors did not provide a syntaxonomic scheme for the thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of the Adriatic and the Ionian seaboards. Di Pietro & Wagensommer's (2008: Tab. 5) demonstrated the strong floristic differences between the Centaureo-Campanuletalia (central and northern Adriatic seaboards) and Onosmetalia (southern Adriatic and Ionian seaboards). (R. Di Pietro, L. Mucina).

KC06A (ASP-06A) Campanulion versicoloris Quézel 1964

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone rock crevices of the Hellenic Ionian coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campanulion versicoloris Quézel 1964

Synonyms

KC06B (ASP-06B) Caro multiflori-Aurinion megalocarpae Terzi et D’Amico 2008

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone rock crevices of the southeastern Italian Adriatic and Ionian coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caro multiflori-Aurinion megalocarpae Terzi et D’Amico 2008

Synonyms

KC07 (ASP-07) Cirsietalia chamaepeuces Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs at low and mid-altitudes of the Aegean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsietalia chamaepeuces Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Synonyms

KC07A (ASP-07A) Petromarulo-Centaurion argenteae Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs at low and mid-altitudes of Western Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petromarulo-Centaurion argenteae Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Synonyms

KC07B (ASP-07B) Asterion cretici Zaffran ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs at low and mid-altitudes of Eastern Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asterion cretici Zaffran ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Synonyms

KC07C (ASP-07C) Capparo-Amaracion tournefortii Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs of the Northern and Central Aegean regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Capparo-Amaracion tournefortii Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Synonyms

KC07D (ASP-07D) Inulion heterolepidis Horvat ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous cliffs of the Dodecanese and Karpathos of the southeastern Aegean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Inulion heterolepidis Horvat ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Synonyms

KC08 (ASP-08) Sarcocapnetalia enneaphyllae Fernández Casas 1972

Calcicolous chasmophytic vegetation of open cave floors and rock overhangs of the mediterranean Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sarcocapnetalia enneaphyllae Fernández Casas 1972

Synonyms

KC08A (ASP-08A) Sarcocapnion enneaphyllae Fernández Casas 1972

Calcicolous chasmophytic vegetation of open cave floors and rock overhangs of the central and eastern regions of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sarcocapnion enneaphyllae Fernández Casas 1972

Synonyms

KC08B (ASP-08B) Sarcocapnion pulcherrimae Fernández Casas 1972 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Calcicolous chasmophytic vegetation of open cave floors and rock overhangs of the Southern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sarcocapnion pulcherrimae Fernández Casas 1972 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

asp16 | For the formal correction see Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002a: 243). (L. Mucina).

KC09 (ASP-09) Potentilletalia speciosae Quézel 1964

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocky crevices of the high mountain ranges of the Southern Balkans and the Aegean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentilletalia speciosae Quézel 1964

Synonyms

KC09A (ASP-09A) Galion degenii Quézel 1967

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocky crevices of the Pindos (Hellas)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galion degenii Quézel 1967

Synonyms

KC09B (ASP-09B) Ramondion nathaliae Horvat ex Simon 1958

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocky crevices in the alpine belt of the southern and central regions of the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ramondion nathaliae Horvat ex Simon 1958

Synonyms

KC09C (ASP-09C) Saxifragion scardicae Dimopoulos et al. 1997

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocky crevices of Mt Olympos (Hellas)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion scardicae Dimopoulos et al. 1997

Synonyms

KC09D (ASP-09D) Silenion auriculatae Quézel 1964

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocky crevices of the southern regions of the Hellenic mainland and the Peloponnisos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Silenion auriculatae Quézel 1964

Synonyms

KC09E (ASP-09E) Arenarion creticae Dimopoulos et al. ex Bergmeier 2002

Chasmophytic vegetation of calcareous rocky crevices in the oromediterranean belt of Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arenarion creticae Dimopoulos et al. ex Bergmeier 2002

Synonyms

KC10 (ASP-10) Asplenietalia septentrionalo-cuneifolii Mucina in Mucina et Theurillat 2015

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous and ultramafic rock crevices at low altitudes of temperate and boreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenietalia septentrionalo-cuneifolii Mucina in Mucina et Theurillat 2015

Synonyms

KC10A (ASP-10A) Asplenion marini Segal 1969

Fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices in supralittoral habitats of the Cantabro-Atlantic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenion marini Segal 1969

Synonyms

Remark

asp17 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 215) prefer to classify this alliance within the 'Parietarietalia'. (L. Mucina).

KC10B (ASP-10B) Asplenion septentrionalis Gams in Oberd. 1938

Fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous sunny rock crevices and boulder fields of temperate and boreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenion septentrionalis Gams in Oberd. 1938

Synonyms

KC10C (ASP-10C) Asplenion serpentini Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Eggler 1955

Fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of ultramafic rock crevices of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenion serpentini Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Eggler 1955

Synonyms

KC10D (ASP-10D) Pohlio crudae-Asplenion septentrionalis S. Brullo et Siracusa in S. Brullo et al. 2001

Fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices in the supramediterranean belt of Sicily and Calabria

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pohlio crudae-Asplenion septentrionalis S. Brullo et Siracusa in S. Brullo et al. 2001

Synonyms

KC10E (ASP-10E) Thalictro foetidi-Asplenion Onipchenko et Gorbachevskaya in Onipchenko 2002 (Biul. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Biol.)

Fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices in the montane zone of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thalictro foetidi-Asplenion Onipchenko et Gorbachevskaya in Onipchenko 2002 (Biul. Mosk. Obshch. Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Biol.)

Synonyms

KC11 (ASP-11) Androsacetalia vandellii Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934 nom. corr.

Chasmophytic vegetation of crevices of siliceous rocks in the mountains in the nemoral, boreal and arctic zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Androsacetalia vandellii Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934 nom. corr.

Synonyms

Remark

asp19 | For the motivation of the correction of the syntaxon name see Weber et al. (2000: ICPN art. 44, Example 2). (J.-P. Theurillat).

KC11A (ASP-11A) Saxifragion cotyledonis Nordhagen ex Mucina et Chytrý in Mucina et al. 2016

Chasmophytic vegetation of crevices and on ledges of siliceous rocks of Scandinavia, the Arctic Ocean archipelagos and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion cotyledonis Nordhagen ex Mucina et Chytrý in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

asp20 | The Saxifragion cotyledonis subarticum (Nordhagen 1937; see also Nordhagen 1943) contained only sociations in the protologue. The Saxifragion cotyledonis remained invalidly published until Dierssen (1982: 193) described the Rhodiolo roseae-Saxifragetum cotyledonis, and assigned one of the relevés published by Nordhagen (1943: Tab. 98, rel. 6) as ‘lectotypus’ (recte: holotypus) of his new association. Yet Dierssen (1982) has not recognised the Saxifragion cotyledonis as an alliance in its own right. Instead, he assigned the Rhodiolo roseae-Saxifragetum cotyledonis to the Androsacion vandelii. We suggest that the latter alliance (typical of siliceous crevices of the mountains of the nemoral zone) has floristically not much in common with the Saxifragion cotyledonis (typical for the boreal to subarctic zones). Here we assign the Rhodiolo roseae-Saxifragetum cotyledonis Dierssen 1982 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the Saxifragion cotyledonis. The diagnostic species of the validated alliance are: Saxifraga cotyledon, S. nivalis and Woodsia alpina. (L. Mucina, M. Chytrý).

KC11B (ASP-11B) Allosuro-Athyrion alpestris Nordhagen 1943

Boreo-alpine and arctic vegetation on siliceous boulder fields of Scandinavia, Svalbard and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Allosuro-Athyrion alpestris Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

KC11C (ASP-11C) Androsacion vandellii Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 nom. corr.

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices and on ledges in the alpine and nival belts of the Central European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Androsacion vandellii Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 nom. corr.

Synonyms

KC11D (ASP-11D) Saxifragion pedemontanae Barbero et Bono 1967

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices at high altitudes of the Maritime Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion pedemontanae Barbero et Bono 1967

Synonyms

KC11E (ASP-11E) Saxifragion cymosae Lakušić 1970

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices at high altitudes of the Western Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion cymosae Lakušić 1970

Synonyms

KC11F (ASP-11F) Silenion lerchenfeldianae Simon 1958

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices at high altitudes of the Eastern Carpathians and the Southern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Silenion lerchenfeldianae Simon 1958

Synonyms

KC11G (ASP-11G) Gypsophilion tenuifoliae Onipchenko 2002

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices in the subalpine to subnival belts of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gypsophilion tenuifoliae Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

KC11H (ASP-11H) Hieracion carpetani González-Albo 1941

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices at high altitudes of the Central and Northern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hieracion carpetani González-Albo 1941

Synonyms

Remark

asp22 | González-Albo (1941) described validly the Hieracion carpetani as well as the Hieracietum carpetani (this association automatically becomes the holotypus of the Hieracion carpetani). Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 215) ignored the Hieracietum carpetani in their otherwise exhaustive account of associations, and placed the Hieracion carpetani (invoking ICPN art. 38) into synonymy with the Saxifragion willkommianae. Due to a lack of appropriate arguments required to prove the name Hieracion carpetani invalid or illegitimate, the latter name remains the valid name for this syntaxonomic concept until proven otherwise. (L. Mucina).

KC11I (ASP-11I) Saxifragion nevadensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1971

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices at high altitudes of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion nevadensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1971

Synonyms

KC11J (ASP-11J) Potentillion crassinerviae Gamisans 1975

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices of in the supra- to oromediterranean belts of Corsica and Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potentillion crassinerviae Gamisans 1975

Synonyms

KC12 (ASP-12) Asplenietalia lanceolato-obovati (Loisel 1970) Theurillat et Mucina in Mucina et Theurillat 2015

Central and Western Mediterranean and submediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices at low altitudes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenietalia lanceolato-obovati (Loisel 1970) Theurillat et Mucina in Mucina et Theurillat 2015

Synonyms

KC12A (ASP-12A) Antirrhinion asarinae (Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934) Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices and screes in the colline and submontane belts of the Massif Central

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Antirrhinion asarinae (Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934) Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

asp23 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 215) prefer to classify this alliance within the Androsacetalia vandellii. (L. Mucina).

KC12B (ASP-12B) Cheilanthion hispanicae Rivas Goday et al. 1956

Chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices in the meso- and supramediterranean belts of the Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cheilanthion hispanicae Rivas Goday et al. 1956

Synonyms

KC12C (ASP-12C) Asplenio billotii-Dianthion godroniani Rameau 1996 nom. inval.

Supramediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asplenio billotii-Dianthion godroniani Rameau 1996 nom. inval.

Synonyms

KC12D (ASP-12D) Linarion caprariae Foggi et al. 2006

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices of the Tuscan Archipelago

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linarion caprariae Foggi et al. 2006

Synonyms

KC12E (ASP-12E) Dianthion rupicolae S. Brullo et Marcenò 1979

Thermo-mesomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous rock crevices of the Siculo-Calabrian Tyrrhenian coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dianthion rupicolae S. Brullo et Marcenò 1979

Synonyms

KC13 (ASP-13) Cheilanthetalia maranto-maderensis Sáenz de Rivas et Rivas-Mart. 1979

Mediterranean and Macaronesian thermophilous fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of siliceous and ultramafic rock crevices

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cheilanthetalia maranto-maderensis Sáenz de Rivas et Rivas-Mart. 1979

Synonyms

KC13A (ASP-13A) Cheilanthion pulchellae Sáenz de Rivas et Rivas-Mart. 1979

Macaronesian fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of ultramafic rock crevices of the arid regions in the infra- and mesomediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cheilanthion pulchellae Sáenz de Rivas et Rivas-Mart. 1979

Synonyms

KC13B (ASP-13B) Phagnalo saxatilis-Cheilanthion maderensis Loisel 1970 corr. Pérez-Carro et al. 1989

Iberian fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of ultramafic rock crevices in subhumid to humid regions in the infra- and supramediterranean belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phagnalo saxatilis-Cheilanthion maderensis Loisel 1970 corr. Pérez-Carro et al. 1989

Synonyms

Remark

asp25 | The name Phagnalo saxatilis-Cheilanthion fragrantis (Loisel 1970) was based on Cheilanthes fragrans, which appeared to be a misidentification for Cheilanthes maderensis (see Pérez-Carro et al. 1989). (L. Mucina).

KC13C (ASP-13C) Polygonion icarici Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Thermomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of sunny siliceous rock crevices of the southern islands of the Aegean archipelago

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygonion icarici Horvat in Horvat, Glavač et Ellenberg ex Bergmeier et al. 2011

Synonyms

Remark

asp26 | The classification of this alliance within the Cheilanthetalia is only tentative, pending more data and syntaxonomic analyses of the rock-crevice vegetation on siliceous substrates from the Central and Eastern Mediterranean. (L. Mucina, E. Bergmeier).

KD (CYM) Cymbalario-Parietarietea diffusae Oberd. 1969

Thermophilous chasmophytic vegetation of walls of the Mediterranean and the winter-mild atlantic to subcontinental regions of temperate Europe, Middle East and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymbalario-Parietarietea diffusae Oberd. 1969

Synonyms

Remark

cym01 | The wall vegetation of the Mediterranean and winter-mild regions of Western and Central Europe has sometimes been placed within a class in its own right, 'Parietarietea' or 'Cymbalario-Parietarietea' (see Rivas-Martínez 1978a; Brullo & Guarino 1999, 2002 for the key syntaxonomic studies). Other authors (e.g. Mucina 1993a) prefer classification of this syntaxonomic content within the Asplenietea trichomanis. (L. Mucina).

KD01 (CYM-01) Tortulo-Cymbalarietalia Segal 1969

Thermophilous chasmophytic vegetation of walls of the Mediterranean and the winter-mild atlantic to subcontinental regions of temperate Europe, Middle East and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tortulo-Cymbalarietalia Segal 1969

Synonyms

KD01A (CYM-01A) Cymbalario-Asplenion Segal 1969

Fern-rich chasmophytic vegetation of sunny walls of the atlantic to subcontinental regions of cool-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymbalario-Asplenion Segal 1969

Synonyms

KD01B (CYM-01B) Galio valantiae-Parietarion judaicae Rivas-Mart. ex O. de Bolòs 1967

Thermomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone walls of the Iberian Peninsula and the Western Tyrrhenian archipelago

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galio valantiae-Parietarion judaicae Rivas-Mart. ex O. de Bolòs 1967

Synonyms

KD01C (CYM-01C) Artemisio arborescentis-Capparidion spinosae Biondi, Blasi et Galdenzi in Biondi et al. 2014

Thermomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone walls of the Apennine Peninsula, Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Malta

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio arborescentis-Capparidion spinosae Biondi, Blasi et Galdenzi in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

KD01D (CYM-01D) Parietario judaicae-Hyoscyamion aurei S. Brullo et Guarino 1999

Thermomediterranean chasmophytic vegetation of limestone walls of the Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parietario judaicae-Hyoscyamion aurei S. Brullo et Guarino 1999

Synonyms

KE (THL) Thlaspietea rotundifolii Br.-Bl. 1948

Vegetation of scree habitats and pebble alluvia of the temperate, boreal and oromediterranean Europe and the Arctic archipelagos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thlaspietea rotundifolii Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

KE01 (THL-01) Thlaspietalia rotundifolii Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Alpine and subalpine calcareous scree vegetation of Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thlaspietalia rotundifolii Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

KE01A (THL-01A) Thlaspion rotundifolii Jenny-Lips 1930

Alpine and subalpine vegetation of calcareous scree vegetation of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thlaspion rotundifolii Jenny-Lips 1930

Synonyms

KE01B (THL-01B) Papaverion tatrici Pawłowski et al. 1928 corr. Valachovič 1995

Alpine and subalpine vegetation of calcareous scree vegetation of the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Papaverion tatrici Pawłowski et al. 1928 corr. Valachovič 1995

Synonyms

KE01C (THL-01C) Papavero-Thymion pulcherrimi Pop 1968

Alpine calcareous scree vegetation of the Eastern and Southern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Papavero-Thymion pulcherrimi Pop 1968

Synonyms

KE01D (THL-01D) Iberidion spathulatae Br.-Bl. 1948

Pyrenean oro-cryotemperate calcareous scree vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Iberidion spathulatae Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

KE01E (THL-01E) Linarion filicaulis Rivas-Mart. ex Fernández Prieto 1983

Orocantabrian and Castilian-Cantabrian montane calcareous scree vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linarion filicaulis Rivas-Mart. ex Fernández Prieto 1983

Synonyms

KE01F (THL-01F) Saxifragion praetermissae Rivas-Mart. 1977

Orocantabrian and Pyrenean vegetation of wet screes with long-lasting snow cover

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion praetermissae Rivas-Mart. 1977

Synonyms

KE01G (THL-01G) Platycapno saxicolae-Iberidion granatensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

Southern Iberian supra-oromediterranean calcareous scree vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Platycapno saxicolae-Iberidion granatensis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

Synonyms

KE01H (THL-01H) Festucion dimorphae Bonin 1978

Vegetation of lower montane to subalpine calcareous screes of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion dimorphae Bonin 1978

Synonyms

KE01I (THL-01I) Thlaspion stylosi Feoli-Chiapella et Feoli 1977

Vegetation of alpine calcareous screes of the Central and Southern Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thlaspion stylosi Feoli-Chiapella et Feoli 1977

Synonyms

KE01J (THL-01J) Saxifragion prenjae Lakušić 1968

Subalpine chionophilous calcareous scree communities of the Southern and Central Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion prenjae Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

KE01K (THL-01K) Bunion alpini Lakušić 1968

Subalpine chionophilous calcareous scree communities of the Northern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bunion alpini Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

KE01L (THL-01L) Veronico-Papaverion degenii Mucina et al. 1990

Alpine communities on marble and limestone screes of the Pirin Mountains (Bulgaria)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico-Papaverion degenii Mucina et al. 1990

Synonyms

KE01M (THL-01M) Arenarion norvegicae Nordhagen 1935

Vegetation of base-rich and neutral screes and moraines of Scandinavia and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arenarion norvegicae Nordhagen 1935

Synonyms

KE02 (THL-02) Arabidetalia caeruleae Rübel ex Nordhagen 1937

Vegetation of snow-beds on stabilised calcareous screes of the arctic zone and the alpine and subnival belts of European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arabidetalia caeruleae Rübel ex Nordhagen 1937

Synonyms

Remark

thl04 | The name 'Arabidetalia caeruleae, Rübel' was validly published by Nordhagen (1937: 44), who included in this order, besides the Luzulion nivalis (nomen nudum), the 'Arabidion caeruleae' by using a direct bibliographic reference to Braun-Blanquet & Jenny (1926), unambiguously cited in the bibliography. Therefore, the correct citation of the name should read Arabidetalia caeruleae Rübel ex Nordhagen 1937. (J.-P. Theurillat).

KE02A (THL-02A) Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1950

Vegetation of herb-rich snow-beds on stabilised calcareous soils in the boreo-montane belt of Scandinavia and the Arctic archipelago

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago oppositifoliae-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1950

Synonyms

KE02B (THL-02B) Ranunculo-Poion alpinae Gjaerevoll ex Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Vegetation of grassy snow-beds on stabilised calcareous soils in the boreo-montane belt of Scandinavia and the Arctic archipelago

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculo-Poion alpinae Gjaerevoll ex Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

thl07 | Herewith we validate the Ranunculo-Poion alpinae Gjaerevoll 1950 nom. inval. by choosing the Ranunculo acris-Poetum alpinae Daniëls ass. nov. hoc loco (the holotypus hoc loco of the association: relevé 4, Table XIII in Gjaerevoll 1950) as the holotypus of the alliance. The diagnostic taxa of this validated alliance are: Carex bigelowii subsp. bigelowii, Persicaria vivipara, Poa alpina, Potentilla crantzii, Ranunculus acris, Saussurea alpina, Solidago virgaurea, Trollius europeus, Viola biflora, and mosses Drepanocladus uncinatus and Hylocomium splendens. (F. Daniëls).

KE02C (THL-02C) Arabidion caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Vegetation of snow-beds on stabilised calcareous screes n the alpine and subnival belts of European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arabidion caeruleae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

KE03 (THL-03) Drabetalia hoppeanae Zollitsch in Merxmüller et Zollitsch 1967

Subnival and alpine vegetation on lime-rich shale screes and congelifracted slopes of the Alps and the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drabetalia hoppeanae Zollitsch in Merxmüller et Zollitsch 1967

Synonyms

KE03A (THL-03A) Drabion hoppeanae Zollitsch in Merxmüller et Zollitsch 1967

Subnival and alpine vegetation on lime-rich shale screes and congelifracted slopes of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drabion hoppeanae Zollitsch in Merxmüller et Zollitsch 1967

Synonyms

KE03B (THL-03B) Androsacion ciliatae Rivas-Mart. 1988

Subnival and alpine vegetation of summit screes of the Central Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Androsacion ciliatae Rivas-Mart. 1988

Synonyms

KE04 (THL-04) Arabido alpinae-Petasitetalia paradoxi Mucina et Valachovič ined.

Vegetation of humid calcareous screes and boulder fields in the montane to subalpine belts of the nemoral mountain ranges of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arabido alpinae-Petasitetalia paradoxi Mucina et Valachovič ined.

Synonyms

Remark

thl08 | The formal description of this unit will be handled elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

KE04A (THL-04A) Petasition paradoxi Zollitsch ex Lippert 1966

Vegetation of humid calcareous fine-grained screes in the montane and subalpine belts of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petasition paradoxi Zollitsch ex Lippert 1966

Synonyms

KE04B (THL-04B) Arabidion alpinae Béguin in Richard 1971

Vegetation of humid stable coarse-grained calcareous screes and boulder fields in the nemoral mountain ranges of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arabidion alpinae Béguin in Richard 1971

Synonyms

KE04C (THL-04C) Petasition doerfleri Lakušić 1968

Vegetation of humid stable coarse-grained calcareous screes and boulder fields of the nemoral mountains of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petasition doerfleri Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

KE05 (THL-05) Stipetalia calamagrostis Oberd. et Seibert in Oberd. 1977

Thermophilous calcareous scree vegetation in the colline to montane belts of Central and Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipetalia calamagrostis Oberd. et Seibert in Oberd. 1977

Synonyms

KE05A (THL-05A) Pimpinello tragium-Gouffeion arenarioidis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Vegetation of calcareous supramediterranean screes of Southern France and Catalonia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pimpinello tragium-Gouffeion arenarioidis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

thl10 | This alliance was classified in the Andryaletalia ragusinae in Bardat et al. (2004). (L. Mucina).

KE05B (THL-05B) Leontodontion hyoseroidis Duvigneaud et al. 1970

Vegetation of low-altitude fine calcareous screes of Eastern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leontodontion hyoseroidis Duvigneaud et al. 1970

Synonyms

KE05C (THL-05C) Stipion calamagrostis Jenny-Lips ex Br.-Bl. 1950

Vegetation of thermophilous low-altitude calcareous screes of Central and Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stipion calamagrostis Jenny-Lips ex Br.-Bl. 1950

Synonyms

Remark

thl11 | Despite Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 236−237) naming eight associations as belonging to the Stipion (Achnatherion) calamagrostis in Spain, we believe that these represent a local endemic alliance that is different from the Stipion calamagrostis. (L. Mucina).

KE06 (THL-06) Androsacetalia alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Arctic-alpine and oromediterranean vegetation of siliceous screes and moraines of Europe, the Arctic Ocean islands and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Androsacetalia alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

KE06A (THL-06A) Antitrichio-Rhodiolion roseae Hadač 1971

Arctic herb-rich vegetation on damp coarse gravels and deep humus-rich soils over siliceous substrates of Iceland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Antitrichio-Rhodiolion roseae Hadač 1971

Synonyms

KE06B (THL-06B) Androsacion alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Vegetation of siliceous screes and moraines in the alpine and subnival belts of the Alps and the Western Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Androsacion alpinae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

KE06C (THL-06C) Veronicion baumgartenii Coldea 1991

Vegetation of siliceous screes and moraines in the alpine and subnival belts of the Eastern and Southern Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronicion baumgartenii Coldea 1991

Synonyms

KE06D (THL-06D) Polygono alpini-Poion laxae D. Lakušić et Mucina ined.

Vegetation of siliceous screes and moraines in the alpine and subnival belts of the Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygono alpini-Poion laxae D. Lakušić et Mucina ined.

Synonyms

Remark

thl14 | The formal description of this unit will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

KE06E (THL-06E) Dryopteridion oreadum Rivas-Mart. 1977 nom. corr.

Vegetation of montane to subalpine siliceous screes and moraines of the Pyrenees and the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dryopteridion oreadis Rivas-Mart. 1977 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

KE06F (THL-06F) Senecionion leucophylli Br.-Bl. 1948

Vegetation of mobile fine-grained siliceous screes in alpine belt of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Senecionion leucophylli Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

KE06G (THL-06G) Linario saxatilis-Senecionion carpetani Rivas-Mart. 1964

Vegetation of the siliceous screes and moraines at high altitudes of the mountain ranges of the Central and Northern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linario saxatilis-Senecionion carpetani Rivas-Mart. 1964

Synonyms

KE06H (THL-06H) Holcion caespitosi Quézel 1953

Vegetation of oromediterranean siliceous screes and moraines of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Holcion caespitosi Quézel 1953

Synonyms

KE07 (THL-07) Galeopsietalia segetum Oberd. et Seibert in Oberd. 1977

Thermophilous silicicolous scree vegetation in the colline to montane belts of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galeopsietalia segetum Oberd. et Seibert in Oberd. 1977

Synonyms

KE07A (THL-07A) Galeopsion Oberd. 1957

Colline-submontane silicicolous scree vegetation of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galeopsion Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

KE07B (THL-07B) Galeopsion pyrenaicae Rivas-Mart. 1977

Submontane-montane silicicolous scree vegetation of the Pyrenees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galeopsion pyrenaicae Rivas-Mart. 1977

Synonyms

KE08 (THL-08) Epilobietalia fleischeri Moor 1958 nom. conserv. propos.

Vegetation of montane to subalpine riverine gravel terraces of the nemoral and boreal European mountain ranges and the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epilobietalia fleischeri Moor 1958 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

thl15 | The name has been proposed by Moor (1958: 281−282) to replace the earlier name Myricarietalia Aichinger 1933 by arguing that Myricaria gale is rather a species of the willow scrub, not of the pioneer communities of the river banks along with Epilobium dodonaei, E. fleischeri and Chondrilla chondrilloides. Since (1) the name Myricarietalia Aichinger 1933 has never been used in the literature (see Tüxen 1973), (2) the name ‘Epilobietalia fleischeri’ is the name in current use that has been very consistently adopted, and (3) the type of the name Myricarietalia Aichinger 1933 is to be considered a nomen ambiguum (ICPN art. 36; see Remark thl19 on Salicion incanae Aichinger 1933), I propose to conserve the name Epilobietalia fleischeri Moor 1958 against the earlier name Myricarietalia Aichinger 1933. (J.-P. Theurillat).

KE08A (THL-08A) Calamagrostion neglectae Nordhagen ex de Molenaar 1976

Vegetation of boreal-subalpine and subarctic riverine gravel terraces of the Alps, Scandinavia and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostion neglectae Nordhagen ex de Molenaar 1976

Synonyms

KE08B (THL-08B) Calamagrostion pseudophragmitae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Vegetation of montane-subalpine riverine gravel terraces of the Pyrenees and the Cantabrian Mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calamagrostion pseudophragmitis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

Remark

thl18 | Placement of this alliance into the Stipetalia (Achnatheretalia) calamagrostis by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 237) is not warranted. (L. Mucina).

KE08C (THL-08C) Epilobion fleischeri G. Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. 1950

Vegetation of the montane-subalpine riverine gravel terraces of the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epilobion fleischeri G. Br.-Bl. ex Br.-Bl. 1950

Synonyms

Remark

thl19 | The name Epilobion fleischeri G. Braun-Blanquet ex Braun-Blanquet 1950 has been widely and consistently used to designate pioneer vegetation of the montane and subalpine river banks and moraines. It deserves to be conserved against the name Salicion incanae Aichinger 1933, in as much as the latter name is proposed as a nomen ambiguum (see Remark thl19). (J.-P. Theurillat).

KE08D (THL-08D) Murbeckiello huetii-Epilobion dodonaei Belonovskaya et al. 2014

Vegetation of montane-subalpine riverine gravel terraces of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Murbeckiello huetii-Epilobion dodonaei Belonovskaya et al. 2014

Synonyms

KE09 (THL-09) Andryaletalia ragusinae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Vegetation of riverine gravel terraces in the thermo- to supramediterranean belts of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Andryaletalia ragusinae Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Synonyms

Remark

thl22 | A proposal to reject this name as nomen ambiguum was made by Englisch et al. (1993: 326; see also Theurillat 1997). (L. Mucina).

KE09A (THL-09A) Glaucion flavi Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948

Pioneer ephemeral herbaceous vegetation on eutrophic gravel deposits of the terraces of summer-low rivers of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Glaucion flavi Br.-Bl. ex Tchou 1948

Synonyms

KE09B (THL-09B) Scrophularion sciophilae O. de Bolòs 1957

Meso-supramediterranean herbaceous vegetation on calcareous rocky slopes and screes of the Eastern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scrophularion sciophilae O. de Bolòs 1957

Synonyms

KE10 (THL-10) Violetalia calaminariae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Ernst 1965

Heavy-metal tolerant vegetation on mining spoil heaps of cool-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Violetalia calaminariae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Ernst 1965

Synonyms

KE10A (THL-10A) Thlaspion calaminarii Ernst 1965

Heavy-metal tolerant vegetation on mining spoil heaps of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thlaspion calaminarii Ernst 1965

Synonyms

KE10B (THL-10B) Armerion halleri Ernst 1965

Heavy-metal tolerant vegetation on mining spoil heaps of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion halleri Ernst 1965

Synonyms

KF (LAM) Lamio tomentosi-Chaerophylletea humilis Belonovskaya et al. 2014

High-altitude siliceous scree vegetation of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lamio tomentosi-Chaerophylletea humilis Belonovskaya et al. 2014

Synonyms

Remark

lam01 | For the nomenclatural history and the protologue of this class see Belonovskaya et al. (2014). (L. Mucina).

KF01 (LAM-01) Chaerophylletalia humilis Onipchenko 2002

Subnival and upper alpine vegetation on siliceous screes, moraines, stone fields and floodplain pebble beds of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chaerophylletalia humilis Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

KF01A (LAM-01A) Chaerophyllion humilis Onipchenko 2002

Subnival and upper alpine vegetation on siliceous screes and boulder fields of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chaerophyllion humilis Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

KF01B (LAM-01B) Scrophulario minimae-Symphyolomion graveolentis Belonovskaya et al. 2014

Lower alpine and subalpine vegetation on siliceous screes and boulder fields of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scrophulario minimae-Symphyolomion graveolentis Belonovskaya et al. 2014

Synonyms

KG (PHA) Phagnalo saxatilis-Rumicetea indurati (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1973

Rupicolous chamaephytic and hemicryptophytic vegetation of rock shelves, broad crevices and gravel slopes of the Iberian Peninsula and Western Maghreb

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phagnalo saxatilis-Rumicetea indurati (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1973

Synonyms

Remark

pha01 | The syntaxonomic position of this class is contentious because it was considered as a part of the Asplenietea trichomanis by some authors. The character species of the latter class are, however, rare in these communities, whereas the local and regional (Iberian) endemics are prevalent. At this stage this class can be considered a geographic analogue to the Drypidetea spinosi, but the syntaxonomic make-up of the Phagnalo-Rumicetea is highly heterogeneous (including communities of rock fissures, screes and alluvial beds on silicicolous, ultramafic and calcareous substrates) and therefore there is a need for revision of this class and explanation of the nature of the major ecological and evolutionary drivers shaping its ecology and species composition. (L. Mucina).

KG01 (PHA-01) Phagnalo saxatilis-Rumicetalia indurati Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Rupicolous chamaephytic and hemicryptophytic vegetation of rock shelves, broad crevices and gravel slopes of the Iberian Peninsula and Western Maghreb

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phagnalo saxatilis-Rumicetalia indurati Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Synonyms

KG01A (PHA-01A) Gymnogrammo-Scrophularion Rivas Goday 1964

Meso-oromediterranean rupicolous vegetation of exposed siliceous rock-shelves of the Central and Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gymnogrammo-Scrophularion Rivas Goday 1964

Synonyms

KG01B (PHA-01B) Saxifragion continentalis Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986

Supramediterranean rupicolous vegetation of siliceous shady crevices of the Central and Western Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifragion continentalis Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986

Synonyms

KG01C (PHA-01C) Sesamoidion suffruticosae Ortiz et Pulgar 2000

Rupicolous vegetation of siliceous crevices and gravel slopes of temperate Southern Galicia and Northern Portugal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sesamoidion suffruticosae Ortiz et Pulgar 2000

Synonyms

KG01D (PHA-01D) Melico minutae-Phagnalion intermedii Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Thermo-mesomediterranean rupicolous vegetation of dolomitic crevices or gravel slopes of southeastern Spain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Melico minutae-Phagnalion intermedii Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Synonyms

KG01E (PHA-01E) Calendulo lusitanicae-Antirrhinion linkiani Ladero et al. 1991

Rupicolous vegetation of calcareous crevices and rock shelves of Central and Western Portugal

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calendulo lusitanicae-Antirrhinion linkiani Ladero et al. 1991

Synonyms

KG01F (PHA-01F) Andryalion ragusinae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Thermo-supramediterranean rupicolous vegetation of dolomite and ultramafic gravel slopes and screes of the Southern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Andryalion ragusinae Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972

Synonyms

KG01G (PHA-01G) Festucion duriotaganae Capelo et al. 1998

Thermo-mesomediterranean silicicolous grasslands on gravelly river beds of the Western Iberian rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion duriotaganae Capelo et al. 1998

Synonyms

KH (DRY) Drypidetea spinosae Quézel 1964

Vegetation of scree habitats and pebble alluvia of in the submediterranean montane and supra-oromediterranean belts of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drypidetea spinosae Quézel 1964

Synonyms

KH01 (DRY-01) Drypidetalia spinosae Quézel 1964

Montane submediterranean and oromediterranean scree vegetation of the Balkans, Crete and Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drypidetalia spinosae Quézel 1964

Synonyms

KH01A (DRY-01A) Peltarion alliaceae Horvatić in Domac 1957

Limestone scree vegetation in the submontane and montane belts of the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peltarion alliaceae Horvatić in Domac 1957

Synonyms

KH01B (DRY-01B) Silenion marginatae Lakušić 1968

Limestone scree vegetation in the montane to subalpine belts of the Southern Dinarides

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Silenion marginatae Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

KH01C (DRY-01C) Rumici scutati-Heracleion stevenii Ryff 2007

Limestone scree vegetation in the montane belt of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumici scutati-Heracleion stevenii Ryff 2007

Synonyms

KH01D (DRY-01D) Silenion caesiae Quézel 1964

Limestone scree vegetation in the supra- and oromediterranean belts of peninsular Hellas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Silenion caesiae Quézel 1964

Synonyms

KH01E (DRY-01E) Campanulion hawkinsianae Quézel 1967

Ultramafic scree vegetation in the supra- and oromediterranean belts of the Pindos Mountains (Sterea Hellas)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campanulion hawkinsianae Quézel 1967

Synonyms

KH01F (DRY-01F) Alysso sphaciotici-Valantion apricae Bergmeier 2002

Limestone and dolomite scree vegetation in the oromediterranean belt of Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alysso sphaciotici-Valantion apricae Bergmeier 2002

Synonyms

KH02 (DRY-02) Onosmo polyphyllae-Ptilostemonetalia Korzhenevskii 1990

Thermophilous submediterranean herb-rich vegetation on eroding slopes of the Black Sea seaboards of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onosmo polyphyllae-Ptilostemonetalia Korzhenevskii 1990

Synonyms

Remark

dry02 | Ukrainian and Russian authors prefer to classify this order into its own class, the Onosmo-Ptilostemonetea (Korzhenevskii 1990; Korzhenevskii & Ryff 2002; Ryff 2004; Solomakha 2008; Golub et al. 2011). Apart from this order, Golub et al. (2011) described the Seslerietalia ponticae (occurring along the Black Sea coast of the piedmonts of the Caucasus). Golub et al. (2011) used fragmentary comparative material of several Stipion calamagrostis communities to support their claim of a large floristic dissimilarity between the Onosmo-Ptilostemonetea and the Thlaspietea rotundifoliae, and as a consequence, their analysis remains unconvincing. However, the ecology of the Onosmo-Ptilostemonetalia as well as the high number of (sub)mediterranean elements typical of disturbed soils (from erosion and formation of screes) suggests that this order can be considered a geographic analogue of the Drypidetalia spinosae. (L. Mucina).

KH02A (DRY-02A) Ptilostemonion echinocephali Korzhenevskii 1990

Thermophilous submediterranean herb-rich vegetation on eroding flysch slopes of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ptilostemonion echinocephali Korzhenevskii 1990

Synonyms

KH02B (DRY-02B) Gypsophilo glomeratae-Cephalarion coriaceae Ryff in Golub et al. 2011

Thermophilous submediterranean herb-rich vegetation on eroding marl and limestone slopes of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gypsophilo glomeratae-Cephalarion coriaceae Ryff in Golub et al. 2011

Synonyms

KH02C (DRY-02C) Austrodauco-Salvion verticillati Korzhenevskii et Kliukin 1990

Thermophilous submediterranean herb-rich vegetation on eroding magmatic bedrocks and hornstones of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Austrodauco-Salvion verticillati Korzhenevskii et Kliukin 1990

Synonyms

KH03 (DRY-03) Scrophulario-Helichrysetalia S. Brullo 1984

Vegetation of thermophilous low and mid-altitudes (sub)mediterranean screes and riverine gravel banks of Sardinia, Calabria and Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scrophulario-Helichrysetalia S. Brullo 1984

Synonyms

Remark

dry04 | Brullo (1984) suggested that this syntaxonomic concept deserves recognition as a class in its own right (Scrophulario-Helichrysetea) since the scree communities of Southern Italy and the Tyrrhenian archipelago lack the character species of the Thlaspietea rotundifolii (a view also supported by SP). Here I offer a new, yet still only tentative solution, suggesting that the Scrophulario-Helichrysetalia are a Central Mediterranean analogue of the Drypidetalia and therefore should be classified within the Drypidetea. Further study is needed to clarify the position of this scree vegetation. (L. Mucina).

KH03A (DRY-03A) Linarion purpureae S. Brullo 1984

Montane scree vegetation of the Southern Apennines and Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linarion purpureae S. Brullo 1984

Synonyms

KH03B (DRY-03B) Arrhenatherion sardoi Gamisans 1989

Montane grassy screes of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arrhenatherion sardoi Gamisans 1989

Synonyms

KH03C (DRY-03C) Ptilostemono casabonae-Euphorbion cupanii Angiolini et al. 2005

Vegetation of ancient toxic mining dumps of Sardinia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ptilostemono casabonae-Euphorbion cupanii Angiolini et al. 2005

Synonyms

KH03D (DRY-03D) Euphorbion rigidae S. Brullo et Spampinato 1990

Siculo-Calabrian low-altitude pioneer vegetation on riverine gravel banks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion rigidae S. Brullo et Spampinato 1990

Synonyms

LA (HER) Salicetea herbaceae Br.-Bl. 1948

Arctic and alpine-subnival snow-bed vegetation at high altitudes of the mountain ranges of Eurasia and the Arctic Ocean islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetea herbaceae Br.-Bl. 1948

Synonyms

LA01 (HER-01) Salicetalia herbaceae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Arctic and alpine-subnival snow-bed vegetation at high altitudes of the mountain ranges of Eurasia and the Arctic Ocean islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicetalia herbaceae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

LA01A (HER-01A) Salicion herbaceae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Snow-bed communities on siliceous substrates in the alpine and nival belts of the mountain ranges of the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicion herbaceae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926

Synonyms

LA01B (HER-01B) Salici herbaceae-Arabidion caeruleae Englisch 1999

Snow-bed communities on acidified calcareous substrates in the alpine and nival belts of the mountain ranges in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salici herbaceae-Arabidion caeruleae Englisch 1999

Synonyms

LA01C (HER-01C) Salici herbaceae-Caricion lachenalii Béguin et Theurillat 1982

Vegetation of sandy-gravely siliceous alluvia dominated by arctic-alpine elements in alpine belt of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salici herbaceae-Caricion lachenalii Béguin et Theurillat 1982

Synonyms

Remark

her01 | This is a particular alpine syntaxon of open vegetation occupying only small linear patches in ecotones spanning the wetlands of the Montio-Cardaminetea, alpine fens of the Caricion fuscae and the Salicion herbaceae snow beds in the alpine belt of the Alps on siliceous bedrocks. Ecologically it is equivalent to the neutral-basiphilous Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943. This syntaxon was recognised as being different from the Salicion herbaceae also by Englisch (1999) and Steiner (2002). (J.-P. Theurillat, L. Mucina).

LA01D (HER-01D) Festucion picturatae Krajina 1933 corr. Dúbravcová 2007

Snow-bed tall grasslands of stabilised siliceous scree gullies irrigated by melt waters in alpine belt of the Alps and the Carpathians

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion picturatae Krajina 1933 corr. Dúbravcová 2007

Synonyms

Remark

her02 | The correction of the name was performed by Dúbravcová in Kliment & Valachovič (2007: 269). (L. Mucina).

LA01E (HER-01E) Ranunculion crenati Lakušić 1968

Snow-bed vegetation on siliceous substrates in the alpine belt of the central and southern regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculion crenati Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

LA01F (HER-01F) Sedion candollei Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Cryo-oromediterranean snow-bed vegetation on siliceous substrates of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sedion candollei Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2011

Synonyms

LA01G (HER-01G) Hyalopoion ponticae Rabotnova et Onipchenko in Onipchenko 2002

Snow-bed vegetation on siliceous substrates in the alpine belt of the Caucasus

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyalopoion ponticae Rabotnova et Onipchenko in Onipchenko 2002

Synonyms

LA01H (HER-01H) Cassiopo-Salicion herbaceae Nordhagen 1943

Arctic and boreo-arctic late snow-free snow-bed dwarf scrub on siliceous substrates of Scandinavia, Svalbard, Iceland and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cassiopo-Salicion herbaceae Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

LA01I (HER-01I) Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion Gjaerevoll 1950

Boreo-arctic Scandinavian late snow-free snow-bed vegetation on stable oligotrophic soils not experiencing seasonal waterlogging or ground ice

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsio-Anthoxanthion Gjaerevoll 1950

Synonyms

LA01J (HER-01J) Saxifrago stellaris-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1950

Vegetation of herb-rich acidic water-saturated solifluction snowfields in the alpine belt of Scandinavia and the Middle Arctic zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago stellaris-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1950

Synonyms

MA (ZOS) Zosteretea Pignatti 1953

Vegetation of sea-grass meadows on muddy and sandy submerged substrates of the temperate and subarctic seas surrounding Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Zosteretea Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

Remark

zos01 | Den Hartog (1976) recognised the Posidonietea and the Halodulo-Thalassietea as classes in their own right. Both were unfortunately invalidly published in his paper. (L. Mucina).

MA01 (ZOS-01) Zosteretalia Béguinot ex Pignatti 1953

Vegetation of sea-grass meadows of the sandy-muddy sublittoral of the temperate seas surrounding Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Zosteretalia Béguinot ex Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

MA01A (ZOS-01A) Zosterion marinae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Pignatti 1953

Vegetation of perennial sea-grass meadows of the sandy-muddy sea sublittoral of the cold- and cool-temperate seas surrounding Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Zosterion marinae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

MA01B (ZOS-01B) Nanozosterion noltii Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Vegetation of short-lived sea grass meadows of the sandy-muddy sea sublittoral of the cold-temperate and cool-temperate seas surrounding Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nanozosterion noltii Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

zos02 | Den Hartog (2003: 215) published the Nanozosterion and included the Zosteretum noltii Harmsen 1936 (sub 'Zosteretum nanae') in the original diagnosis of the alliance. In Harmsen (1936: 871), the name 'Zosteretum nanae' is a nomen nudum, with no relevés and no references to the published relevés. The name 'Nanozosterion Den Hartog 2003' lacks a sufficient diagnosis and therefore it is invalidly published (IPCN art. 2b). The Nanozosterion of Den Hartog (2003: 215) is, however, a convincing syntaxonomic concept and therefore I validate the name here by designating the Zosteretum nanae Pignatti 1953 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. The latter association was typified (neotypus) by Giaccone et al. (1994). The Zosteretum nanae was validly published by Pignatii (1953: 86), using a one-species synoptic table. Zostera noltii Hornem. (= Nanozostera noltii (Hornem.) Tolm. & Posl.) is the character species of the Nanozosterion. (L. Mucina).

MA02 (ZOS-02) Posidonietalia oceanicae Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Vegetation of perennial sea-grass meadows of the sandy-rocky sublittoral of the warm-temperate waters of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Posidonietalia oceanicae Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

zos03 | Herewith I validate the Posidonietalia oceanicae by designating the Posidonion oceanicae Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1960 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the order. Posidonia oceanica is the only character species of this order. The typification of the Posidonietalia (using the Posidonion Br.-Bl. et al. 1952) by Bardat et al. (2004) is invalid since the Posidonion Br.-Bl. et al. 1952 was invalidly described. Accordingly, the validation of the Posidonietea oceanicae (Bardat et al. 2004) is also invalid. Given the preference of some authors to use the Posidonietea oceanicae as an acceptable syntaxonomic concept in its own right, here I validate the name of the class by designating the validated Posidonietalia oceanicae Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2015 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the class. (L. Mucina).

MA02A (ZOS-02A) Posidonion oceanicae Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1960

Vegetation of perennial sea-grass meadows of the sandy-rocky sublittoral of the warm-temperate waters of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Posidonion oceanicae Br.-Bl. ex Molinier 1960

Synonyms

Remark

zos04 | Molinier (1960: 244) described the Posidonietum oceanicae in Table VII that contained three relevés of the Posidonietum oceanicae s. str. together with the relevés of a separate association (of algal communities), the 'Udoteo-Peyssonnelietium'. In Table VIII these two associations were classified into the 'Posidion Br. Bl. 1931' that results in validation of the latter alliance under the name 'Posidonion oceanicae Braun-Blanquet ex Molinier 1960'. The Posidonietum oceanicae Molinier 1960 is herewith selected as the type of the alliance (lectotypus hoc loco; Molinier 1960: 244). Posidonia oceanica is the only character species of this alliance. (JPT, LM) Giaccone & Di Martino (1997) classified the communities with Posidonia oceanica in the Zosterion. (J.-P. Theurillat).

MB (HAL) Halodulo wrightii-Thalassietea testudinum Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Vegetation of eel-grass swards on muddy and sandy substrates of subtropical and tropical seas fringing Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Halodulo wrightii-Thalassietea testudinum Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

Remark

hal01 | The Halodulo-Thalassietea is essentially a tropical vegetation unit, though it shows some extrusions into subtropical and sometimes warm temperate seas, such as the northern Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, part of the Gulf of Mexico, seas around Bermuda and the Canary Islands which all under the influence of warm sea currents. The Cymodoceion nodosae is structurally a member of the same class. The main algal component of the Cymodoceion nodosae is Caulerpa prolifera, a species of a large genus mainly distributed in tropical seas. The Cymodoceion nodosae probably emerged as a relict unit after the original Tethys Ocean experienced large-scale geological changes. The genus Cymodocea no longer occurs in America, but it is known there from the Eocene (Lumbert et al. 1984). (C. Den Hartog).

MB01 (HAL-01) Thalassio-Syringodetalia filiformis Knapp ex Borhidi et al. 1979

Vegetation of eel-grass swards on muddy and sandy substrates of the sublittoral of subtropical and tropical seas fringing Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thalassio-Syringodetalia filiformis Knapp ex Borhidi et al. 1979

Synonyms

Remark

hal02 | The name of the order has been validated by Borhidi et al. (1979) by assigning the only alliance, the Syringodio-Thalassion Borhidi in Borhidi et al. 1979, containing two associations of which the Syringodio-Thalassietum Ciferri 1936 was validly described. Hence this becomes an automatic nomenclature type of the alliance (ICPN art. 20). (L. Mucina).

MB01A (HAL-01A) Cymodoceion nodosae Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Vegetation of eel-grass swards on muddy and sandy substrates of the sublittoral of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymodoceion nodosae Den Hartog ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

hal03 | The Cymodoceion nodosae (Den Hartog 1976) is invalidly described (ICPN arts. 2b, 8) since the Cymodoceetum nodosae assigned to this alliance (Den Hartog 1976: 254) is a nomen nudum. It also remained invalidly described in Den Hartog (2003) since the ‘Cymodoceetum nodosae Feldmann 1937’ (there is a direct reference to Feldmann 1937 in the references) was also a nomen nudum. Feldmann (1937: 243) presented a description of the 'Association à Cymodocea nodosa', however, no relevé was presented. Costa et al. (2012: 4) selected ‘Cymodoceetum nodosae Feldmann 1937’ explicitly as the ‘typus’ of the ‘Cymodoceion nodosae Den Hartog 1976’, however this validation is ineffective since an invalid association was used for the typification. It appears that Giaccone & Pignatti (1967) published the first valid description of the Cymodoceetum nodosae. Giaccone et al. (1994: 133) selected the type (lectotypus) relevé from Giaccone & Pignatti (1967). Here I validate the Cymodoceion nodosae by designating the validly described Cymodoceetum nodosae Giaccone et Pignatti 1967 as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the alliance. The character-species of the alliance is Cymodocea nodosa. (L. Mucina).

MC (RUP) Ruppietea maritimae J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964

Submerged rooted herbaceous vegetation of brackish waters fo the World

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ruppietea maritimae J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964

Synonyms

MC01 (RUP-01) Ruppietalia J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964 nom. conserv. propos.

Submerged rooted herbaceous vegetation of temperate brackish waters of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ruppietalia J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

MC01A (RUP-01A) Ruppion maritimae Br.-Bl. ex Westhoff in Bennema et al. 1943

Submerged rooted herbaceous vegetation of temperate brackish waters of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ruppion maritimae Br.-Bl. ex Westhoff in Bennema et al. 1943

Synonyms

MD (SPA) Spartinetea maritimae Beeftink 1962

Pioneer vegetation of perennial cord grasses on tidal flats of temperate seas of the World

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartinetea maritimae Beeftink 1962

Synonyms

Remark

spa01 | The floristic and ecological differences between this unit and the Thero-Salicornietea Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958 are considered as minor by some authors, suggesting inclusion of the Spartinion glabrae Conrad 1935 into the Thero-Salicornietalia Pignatti 1953. The vegetation classified within the latter syntaxa is found often in close proximity under very similar ecological conditions, only differentiated by a moderate difference in life-form prevalence. The comprehensive vegetation tables in Schaminée et al. (1998a) suggest that those species considered as character species of one class are also very frequent in the other class too, making their separation at class level doubtful. (J. Dengler) L. Mucina disagrees as there is fundamental ecological and vegetation-dynamical difference between the annual-herb dominated Thero-Salicornietea and the perennial-grass dominated Spartinetea. The former vegetation often forms micro-patches within the swards of Spartina and using larger sampling plots would naturally result in co-occurrence of the typical species of the respective classes.

MD01 (SPA-01) Spartinetalia glabrae Conard 1935

Pioneer vegetation of perennial cord grasses on tidal flats of temperate seas of the World

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartinetalia glabrae Conard 1935

Synonyms

MD01A (SPA-01A) Spartinion glabrae Conard 1935

Pioneer vegetation of perennial cord grasses on tidal flats of temperate seas of Europe and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spartinion glabrae Conard 1935

Synonyms

ME (THE) Thero-Salicornietea Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958

Pioneer vegetation of annual succulent halophytes on tidal mud flats and edges of the irregularly flooded saline inland waters of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Therosalicornietea Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958

Synonyms

Remark

the01 | As reported by Dengler et al. (2004: 351), this class was published in Tüxen & Oberdorfer (1958: 24) under the name 'Thero-Salicornietea strictae Tx. 1954'. Since the reference to 'Tx. 1954' does not refer to a separate publication, but to the year in which the excursion reported in the book took place, the correct author citation should read: 'Thero-Salicornietea Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958'. Since the authors did not make reference to the (subclass) Thero-Salicornienea Pignatti 1953, neither the citation of Pignatti (1953) in brackets nor the omission of the epithet 'strictae' (both suggested by Mucina 1997: 127) would apply. (J. Dengler, L. Mucina).

ME01 (THE-01) Thero-Salicornietalia Pignatti 1952

Pioneer vegetation of annual succulent halophytes of tidal mud flats and edges of the irregularly flooded saline inland waters of the Mediterranean, and temperate, boreal and subarctic Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Therosalicornietalia Pignatti 1952

Synonyms

Remark

the02 | The order 'Therosalicornietalia' was validly published in Pignatti (1952b). In this publication, the order contains two validly published alliances. One of the alliances is the 'Therosalicornion' with one validly published association, the Halopeplidetum amplexicaulis. A direct reference to the valid protologue of the Halopeplidetum amplexicaulis described by Burollet (1927), was made by Pignatti (1952b: 85). Since Pignatti (1952b) also cited Braun-Blanquet (1933), it is clear that his 'Therosalicornion' refers actually to the 'Thero-Salicornion' of Braun-Blanquet (1933). Here we designate the Thero-Salicornion Br.-Bl. 1933 as the lectotypus of the Thero-Salicornietalia Pignatti 1952. (L. Mucina) Rivas-Martínez et al. (2001) proposed the ‘Thero-Salicornietalia Pignatti 1953’ as a nomen ambiguum (ICPN art. 36) and to use the name Thero-Suaedetalia Br.-Bl. et Bolòs 1958 instead. (J.-P. Theurillat).

ME01A (THE-01A) Thero-Salicornion Br.-Bl. 1933

Mediterranean and thermo-atlantic pioneer vegetation of annual succulent plants of tidal flats and irregularly flooded inland depressions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Therosalicornion Br.-Bl. 1933

Synonyms

Remark

the03 | This name, validly described by Braun-Blanquet (1933: 12), was lectotypified by the Salsolo sodae-Suaedetum splendentis Br.-Bl. 1933 by Polte in Dengler et al. (2004: 351). (L. Mucina) Rivas-Martínez et al. (2001) proposed the name Thero-Salicornion Br.-Bl. 1933 to be considered a nomen ambiguum (ICPN art. 36) and to use the name Thero-Suaedion Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952, instead. (J.-P. Theurillat).

ME01B (THE-01B) Salicornion dolichostachyo-fragilis Géhu et Rivas-Mart. ex Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1984

Atlantic annual succulent pioneer vegetation of slikke of tidal mud-flats at the lower tidal mark

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicornion dolichostachyo-fragilis Géhu et Rivas-Mart. ex Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1984

Synonyms

ME01C (THE-01C) Salicornion ramosissimae Tx. 1974

Atlantic annual succulent pioneer vegetation of schorre tidal mud-flats at the upper tidal mark

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicornion ramosissimae Tx. 1974

Synonyms

ME02 (THE-02) Camphorosmo-Salicornietalia Borhidi 1996

Eurasian subcontinental-continental hypersaline vegetation dominated by annual succulents on solonchak and solonetz soils of inland salt pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Camphorosmo-Salicornietalia Borhidi 1996

Synonyms

Remark

the05 | The name Camphorosmo-Salicornietalia Borhidi 1996 was typified in the protologue (Borhidi 1996) by the Salicornion herbaceae Soó 1933. If/when the latter is recognised as a nomen ambiguum, the Camphorosmo-Salicornietalia would be deemed invalid and in need of re-typification. (L. Mucina).

ME02A (THE-02A) Salicornion prostratae Géhu 1992

Pannonian vegetation of annual succulent halophytes on solonchak soils in temporarily wet inland salt-pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicornion prostratae Géhu 1992

Synonyms

Remark

the06 | The use of the name Salicornia prostrata (see Adler et al. 2004; Fischer et al. 2005) suggests that this taxonomic concept is conceptually synonymous with Salicornia perennans Willd. (Kadereit et al. 2012). S. prostrata is an illegitimate name (Kadereit et al. 2012). If/when the Salicornion herbaceae Soó 1933 is recognised as a nomen ambiguum, this name will become the oldest valid current name for this syntaxonomic contents. (L. Mucina).

ME02B (THE-02B) Suaedion acuminatae Golub et Tsorbadze in Golub 1995 corr. Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Sarmatian vegetation of annual succulent halophytes on solonchak soils of temporarily wet inland salt pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Suaedion acuminatae Golub et Tsorbadze in Golub 1995 corr. Lysenko et Mucina 2015

Synonyms

ME02C (THE-02C) Microcnemion coralloidis Rivas-Mart. et Géhu in Rivas-Mart. 1984

Iberian inland vegetation of annual succulent halophytes on solonchak soils of temporarily wet inland salt pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Microcnemion coralloidis Rivas-Mart. et Géhu in Rivas-Mart. 1984

Synonyms

ME02D (THE-02D) Thero-Camphorosmion annuae Vicherek 1973

Hypersaline annual chenopod communities on solonetz soils in the Pannonian Basin and the Central Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thero-Camphorosmion annuae Vicherek 1973

Synonyms

ME02E (THE-02E) Camphorosmo songoricae-Suaedion corniculatae Freitag et al. 2001

Hypersaline annual chenopod communities on solonetz soils of the Caspian region and northwestern Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Camphorosmo songoricae-Suaedion corniculatae Freitag et al. 2001

Synonyms

MF (JUN) Juncetea maritimi Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Perennial grasslands and herb-rich vegetation of coastal and inland salt-marshes and sea-cliffs of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncetea maritimi Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

MF01 (JUN-01) Juncetalia maritimi Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Mediterranean and thermo-atlantic tall-rush saline wetland vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncetalia maritimi Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

MF01A (JUN-01A) Juncion maritimi Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Mediterranean and thermo-atlantic coastal saline rush marsh vegetation under a prolonged flooding regime

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Juncion maritimi Br.-Bl. ex Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

MF01B (JUN-01B) Frankenio laevis-Armerion maritimae Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1975

Vegetation of upper tidal nutrient-rich sandy coastal flats of the Cantabro-Atlantic region of the Iberian Peninsula and Southern France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frankenio laevis-Armerion maritimae Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1975

Synonyms

Remark

jun03 | Here I designate the Limonietum lychnidifolio-dodartii (Géhu & Géhu-Franck 1975: Tab. 2) as the lectotypus of the Frankenio laevis-Armerion maritimae. (L. Mucina).

MF01C (JUN-01C) Plantaginion crassifoliae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Western Tyrrhenian and Provencal saline swards of margins of lagoons and damp dune-slacks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plantaginion crassifoliae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

MF01D (JUN-01D) Limonion etrusci Viciani et al. 2012

Saline swards in temporary damp dune-slacks of the Tuscan Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion etrusci Viciani et al. 2012

Synonyms

MF01E (JUN-01E) Agropyro-Plantaginion maritimi Horvatić 1934

Central and Eastern Mediterranean saline swards of margins of lagoons and damp dune-slacks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyro-Plantaginion maritimi Horvatić 1934

Synonyms

MF02 (JUN-02) Agropyretalia pungentis Géhu 1968

Halo-nitrophilous grasslands of salt-sprayed sandy-loamy shores of the winter-mild atlantic and mediterranean regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyretalia pungentis Géhu 1968

Synonyms

Remark

jun05 | The syntaxonomic content of this unit is very contentious as it had been classified as a class in its own right (Agropyretea pungentis: Géhu 1968) or recognised only as an alliance (Elytrigion athericae), classified into the 'Elytrigietalia repentis' and the Artemisietea vulgaris (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2002b: 473). The latter suggestion is more difficult to follow than the former. (L. Mucina) According to K. Dierssen this order is weakly differentiated and would be better included within the 'Glauco-Puccinellietalia' (recte: Puccinellio maritimae-Salicornietalia).

MF02A (JUN-02A) Agropyrion pungentis Géhu 1968

Halo-nitrophilous grasslands of salt-sprayed sandy-loamy shores of thermo-atlantic Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyrion pungentis Géhu 1968

Synonyms

Remark

jun07 | This alliance is weakly differentiated and would be better included into the Festucion maritimae. (K. Dierssen) Classification of this alliance within the Agropyretalia intermedio-repentis by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 240) is not warranted. (L. Mucina).

MF02B (JUN-02B) Agrostio-Elytrigion athericae S. Brullo et Siracusa 2000

Halo-nitrophilous grasslands of salt-sprayed sandy-loamy coastal slopes of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostio-Elytrigion athericae S. Brullo et Siracusa 2000

Synonyms

Remark

jun09 | Brullo & Siracusa (2000) described this unit from Sicily (Etna) and classified it within the Phragmitetalia. (J.-P. Theurillat).

MF02C (JUN-02C) Agropyro-Artemision coerulescentis Pignatti 1953

Tyrrhenian-Adriatic (sub)halo-nitrophilous salt-sprayed grassy scrub of the edges of coastal lagoons

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyro-Artemision coerulescentis Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

MF03 (JUN-03) Puccinellio maritimae-Salicornietalia Br.-Bl. et De Leeuw 1936

Vegetation of saline swards of the edges of salt-marshes in the temperate and boreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellio maritimae-Salicornietalia Br.-Bl. et De Leeuw 1936

Synonyms

Remark

jun10 | An informal suggestion to consider this name as nomen ambiguum was presented by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011: 202) but without detail for the argument. This proposal lacks substance since the concerned syntaxon was validly described and the only confusion might have originated from its occasional placement within the Thero-Salicornietea. (L. Mucina).

MF03A (JUN-03A) Festucion maritimae Christiansen 1927

Vegetation of grass-rich saline swards at low tide mark of the European Atlantic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion maritimae Christiansen 1927

Synonyms

MF03B (JUN-03B) Puccinellio maritimae-Spergularion salinae Beeftink 1965

Vegetation of grass-rich saline swards of hypersaline supratidal habitats of the European Atlantic coasts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellio maritimae-Spergularion salinae Beeftink 1965

Synonyms

MF03C (JUN-03C) Armerion maritimae Br.-Bl. et De Leeuw 1936

Vegetation of grass- and chamaephyte-rich saline swards at high tide mark of the Atlantic seaboards of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Armerion maritimae Br.-Bl. et De Leeuw 1936

Synonyms

MF04 (JUN-04) Puccinellietalia phryganodis Hadač 1946

Boreo-arctic coastal salt-marsh saline swards on the shores of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellietalia phryganodis Hadač 1946

Synonyms

Remark

jun14 | This order is weakly differentiated and should be included into the Glauco-Puccinellietalia. (K. Dierssen).

MF04A (JUN-04A) Puccinellion phryganodis Hadač 1946

Boreo-arctic coastal lower-marsh saline swards on the shores of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Puccinellion phryganodis Hadač 1946

Synonyms

MF04B (JUN-04B) Caricion glareosae Nordhagen 1954

Boreo-arctic coastal upper-marsh saline swards on the shores of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion glareosae Nordhagen 1954

Synonyms

MF04C (JUN-04C) Dupontion fischeri Hadač 1946

Arctic subsaline coastal peaty meadows on clayey soils of Svalbard and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dupontion fischeri Hadač 1946

Synonyms

MG (SAL) Salicornietea fruticosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex A. Bolòs y Vayreda et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

Mediterranean and thermo-atlantic perennial salt-marsh herblands and scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicornietea fruticosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex A. Bolòs y Vayreda et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

Synonyms

Remark

sal01 | The correct citation for the authority of the names published in the book Vegetación de la comarcas Barcelonesas by Antonio Bolòs y Vayreda (1950) is 'A. Bolòs et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs 1950'. Indeed, the contribution of O. de Bolòs is clearly acknowledged (1) in the subtitle of the book (‘Descripción geobotánica y catálogo florístico, según estudios efectuados por el proprio autor y por Oriol de Bolòs y Capdevilla’), and (2) in the introduction where A. Bolòs acknowledged that O. de Bolòs contributed importantly with phytosociological and floristical results and their interpretation ("Hay que hacer constar que se han aprovechado para la elaboración del presente trabajo los resultados de estudios fitosociológicos y florísticos de Oriol de Bolòs y Capdevila, los cuales constituyen una parte importante del total de datos e interpretaciones que se publican en este libro."). (J.-P. Theurillat).

MG01 (SAL-01) Salicornietalia fruticosae Br.-Bl. 1933

Mediterranean and thermo-atlantic halophilous coastal tidal and inland temporarily flooded succulent chenopod scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicornietalia fruticosae Br.-Bl. 1933

Synonyms

Remark

sal06 | Braun-Blanquet (1933: 12-23) validly published the name Salicornietalia (with three validly published alliances: Thero-Salicornion, Salicornion fruticosae and Staticion galloprovincialis nom. illeg.). The name Salicornietalia has not been (to our knowledge) typified as yet. In order to follow in the tradition of the majority of phytosociological literature regarding this type of vegetation, we shall use the name Salicornietalia Br.-Bl. 1933 for the perennial chenopod-dominated saline scrub and herewith typify the Salicornietalia Br.-Bl. 1933 by selecting the Salicornion fruticosae Br.-Bl. 1933 as its type (lectotypus hoc loco; Braun-Blanquet 1933: 15). (L. Mucina).

MG01A (SAL-01A) Salicornion fruticosae Br.-Bl. 1933

Mediterranean and thermo-atlantic intertidal succulent dwarf chenopod scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salicornion fruticosae Br.-Bl. 1933

Synonyms

MG01B (SAL-01B) Arthrocnemion glauci Rivas-Mart. et Costa M. 1984

Mediterranean hypersaline coastal supratidal succulent chenopod scrub on sandy and rocky soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arthrocnemion glauci Rivas-Mart. et Costa M. 1984

Synonyms

MG01C (SAL-01C) Suaedion brevifoliae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Mediterranean and Cantabro-Atlantic subnitrophilous supratidal succulent chenopod scrub on loamy-sandy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Suaedion brevifoliae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

Remark

sal11 | Suaeda brevifolia Moq., used in the protologue as the eponymous species of this name, is considered in modern nomenclature (see www.emplant.org) as Suaeda vera var. brevifolia (Moq.) Rivas-Martínez and therefore should be included within the variability of Suaeda vera J.F. Gmelin. (L. Mucina).

MG02 (SAL-02) Limonietalia Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Western and Central Mediterranean sea-lavender herblands of saline rarely flooded retrodunal depressions and on elevated edges of inland salt pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonietalia Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

MG02A (SAL-02A) Lygeo-Lepidion cardaminis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1984

Central Iberian mesomediterranean saline vegetation on the edges of inland salt pans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lygeo-Lepidion cardaminis Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1984

Synonyms

MG02B (SAL-02B) Lygeo sparti-Limonion furfuracei Rigual 1972

Murcian-Almerian coastal and inland thermo-mesomediterranean semiarid saline dwarf sea-lavender scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lygeo sparti-Limonion furfuracei Rigual 1972

Synonyms

MG02C (SAL-02C) Limonion catalaunico-viciosoi Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1984

Mesomediterranean saline vegetation on the edges of inland salt-pans of the Ebro River valley

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion catalaunico-viciosoi Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1984

Synonyms

MG02D (SAL-02D) Limonion algarvensi-lanceolati J.C. Costa et al. 2012

Lusitanian-Andalusian thermomediterranean upper-tidal saline marsh vegetation of rosulate and prostrate chamaephytes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion algarvensi-lanceolati J.C. Costa et al. 2012

Synonyms

MG02E (SAL-02E) Limonion confusi (Br.-Bl. 1933) Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1984

Provencal thermomediterranean coastal saline dwarf sea-lavender scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limonion confusi (Br.-Bl. 1933) Rivas-Mart. et M. Costa 1984

Synonyms

MG02F (SAL-02F) Triglochino barrelieri-Limonion glomerati Biondi et al. 2001

Sardinian thermomediterranean coastal saline dwarf sea-lavender scrub

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Triglochino barrelieri-Limonion glomerati Biondi et al. 2001

Synonyms

MG03 (SAL-03) Limoniastretalia guyoniani Guinochet 1951

Sea-lavender hypersaline scrub in supratidal non-inundated sandy habitats of the semi-desert regions of the Southern Mediterranean islands and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limoniastrietalia guoynoniani Guinochet 1951

Synonyms

Remark

sal13 | I suggest that this order is validly published because it was based on the validly published Limonion guoynoniani Guinochet 1951, encompassing two validly published associations in the protologue. Barbagallo et al. (1990: 595) claimed that both associations are 'heterogeneous' and hence not published validly, an argument difficult to follow due to the apparently personal interpretational bias. The Limoniastrietalia guoynoniani Guinochet 1951 is widely distributed in North Africa (where some more alliances have been described, e.g. the Limonion pruinosi S. Brullo et Furnari 1988) and in the Middle East. The Limoniastrietalia guoynoniani reach marginal areas of the dry coastal regions of Southern Europe. A detailed syntaxonomic scheme, including also syntaxa described from North Africa, was presented in Géhu (1988). (L. Mucina).

MG03A (SAL-03A) Limoniastrion monopetali Pignatti 1952

Sea-lavender hypersaline scrub in supratidal non-inundated sandy habitats of the Western and Central Mediterranean and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Limoniastrion monopetali Pignatti 1952

Synonyms

Remark

sal14 | Alternatively, this alliance could be classified within the Pegano-Salsoletea. (E. Bergmeier).

MG03B (SAL-03B) Halocnemion cruciati Biondi et al. 2013

Hypersaline chenopod supratidal scrub of arid and hyperarid marginal regions of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Halocnemion cruciati Biondi et al. 2013

Synonyms

NA (LEM) Lemnetea O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Free-floating duckweed vegetation of still and relatively nutrient-rich freshwater bodies of the Holarctic

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lemnetea O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Synonyms

NA01 (LEM-01) Lemnetalia minoris O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Vegetation of free-floating vegetation of still and relatively nutrient-rich freshwater bodies of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lemnetalia minoris O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Synonyms

Remark

lem01 | The classification of the Lemnion minoris, Utricularion vulgaris and Hydrocharition morsus-ranae into the Lemnetalia and Lemnetea follows the traditions of the Central European phytosociology (Schratt 1993; Oťahelová in Valachovič 2001; Šumberová in Chytrý 2011), although some authors (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2001; Matuszkiewicz 2007) prefer to classify the Utricularion vulgaris and the Hydrocharition morsus-ranae into the Potamogetonetea. (L. Mucina, M. Chytrý) According to Berg et al. (2001, 2004), this order can be split into three floristically and ecologically distinct alliances, namely the Lemnion minoris s.str., the Lemnion trisulcae (presently listed as a syntaxonomic synonym of the Lemnion minoris), and the Hydrocharition morsus-ranae. (J. Dengler).

NA01A (LEM-01A) Lemnion minoris O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Vegetation of free-floating duckweed vegetation of still and relatively nutrient-rich freshwater bodies of the temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lemnion minoris O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Synonyms

Remark

lem03 | See Remark lem01.

NA01B (LEM-01B) Utricularion vulgaris Passarge 1964

Vegetation of free-floating bladderworts in mesotrophic and eutrophic waters of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Utricularion vulgaris Passarge 1964

Synonyms

NA01C (LEM-01C) Stratiotion Den Hartog et Segal 1964

Vegetation of free-floating macrophytes in fairly nutrient-rich shallow waters of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stratiotion Den Hartog et Segal 1964

Synonyms

NB (POT) Potamogetonetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

Vegetation of rooted floating or submerged macrophytes of stagnant mesotrophic, eutrophic and brackish freshwater bodies and slowly flowing shallow streams of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potamogetonetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

Synonyms

Remark

pot01 | Although the IPCN allows the use of shorter forms (Potametea, Potametalia, Potamion) of the names derived from the genus Potamogeton, we see no reason why this particular genus should receive special treatment and therefore prefer using names conforming to the general rules of name creation as dictated by ICPN. (K. Dierssen, L. Mucina).

NB01 (POT-01) Potamogetonetalia Koch 1926

Vegetation of rooted floating or submerged macrophytes of mesotrophic and eutrophic freshwater bodies of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potamogetonetalia Koch 1926

Synonyms

NB01A (POT-01A) Potamogetonion Libbert 1931

Vegetation of rooted and floating macrophytes of freshwater bodies at low and mid-altitudes of temperate Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potamogetonion Libbert 1931

Synonyms

NB01B (POT-01B) Nymphaeion albae Oberd. 1957

Vegetation of rooted floating-leaf macrophytes of sheltered nutrient-rich freshwaters of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nymphaeion albae Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

NB01C (POT-01C) Nelumbion nuciferae Losev et Golub in Golub et al. ex Mucina et Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 2015

Vegetation of rooted floating-leaf macrophytes of sheltered nutrient-rich freshwater bodies of southeastern Europe and Asia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nelumbion nuciferae Losev et Golub in Golub et al. ex Mucina et Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 2015

Synonyms

NB01D (POT-01D) Potamogetonion graminei Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Vegetation of rooted macrophytes of nutrient-poor shallow freshwaters at mid-altitudes of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Potamogetonion graminei Westhoff et Den Held 1969

Synonyms

Remark

pot02 | The Potamogetonion graminei should be included within the Littorellion. (K. Dierssen).

NB01E (POT-01E) Ranunculion confervoidis Béguin et Theurillat ined.

Vegetation of rooted macrophytes of cold nutrient-poor waters of shallow lakes in the upper subalpine and alpine belts of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculion confervoidis Béguin et Theurillat ined.

Synonyms

NB02 (POT-02) Callitricho hamulatae-Ranunculetalia aquatilis Passarge ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 2015

Vegetation of crosswort, crowfoot and milfoil rooted macrophytes in shallow and intermittent freshwater streams of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Callitricho hamulatae-Ranunculetalia aquatilis Passarge ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 2015

Synonyms

NB02A (POT-02A) Batrachion fluitantis Neuhäusl 1959

Vegetation of crowfoot and milfoil rooted macrophytes in shallow moving freshwaters of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Batrachion fluitantis Neuhäusl 1959

Synonyms

NB02B (POT-02B) Ranunculion aquatilis Passarge ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 2015

Vegetation of crosswort rooted macrophytes in shallow stagnant freshwaters of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculion aquatilis Passarge ex Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 2015

Synonyms

NB02C (POT-02C) Ranunculion omiophyllo-hederacei Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Vegetation of stoloniferous helophytes in muddy water-springs in the meso- to oromediterranean belts of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ranunculion omiophyllo-hederacei Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

Remark

pot03 | The protologue of this alliance contains two associations, the Montio amporitanae-Ranunculetum hederacei and the Myosotido stoloniferae-Ranunculetum omiophylli, both showing more similarities to the Potamogetonetea (Callitricho-Batrachietalia) than to the Montio-Cardaminetea, whereto this alliance has been classified by its authors (e.g. Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011). The syntaxonomic relationship to the Ranunculion aquatilis remains unclear and therefore, we maintain the alliance status of this unit. (K. Šumberová, L. Mucina).

NB03 (POT-03) Zannichellietalia pedicellatae Schaminée, Lanjouw et Schipper ex Mucina et Theurillat ined.

Vegetation of rooted macrophytes in meso-eutrophic brackish waters of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Zannichellietalia pedicellatae Schaminée, Lanjouw et Schipper ex Mucina et Theurillat ined.

Synonyms

NB03A (POT-03A) Zannichellion pedicellatae Schaminée, Lanjouw et Schipper ex Passarge 1996

Vegetation of rooted macrophytes in meso-eutrophic brackish waters of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Zannichellion pedicellatae Schaminée, Lanjouw et Schipper ex Passarge 1996

Synonyms

OA (MON) Montio-Cardaminetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Vegetation of water springs of Europe, the European Arctic archipelagos and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Montio-Cardaminetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

OA01 (MON-01) Cardamino-Chrysosplenietalia Hinterlang 1992

Vegetation of soft-water springs in shady forest habitats in the submontane and montane belts of the Central European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cardamino-Chrysosplenietalia Hinterlang 1992

Synonyms

Remark

mon01 | This order should be included in the Montio-Cardaminetalia. (K. Dierssen).

OA01A (MON-01A) Caricion remotae Kästner 1941

Vegetation of soft-water springs in shady forest habitats in the submontane and montane belts of Central European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion remotae Kästner 1941

Synonyms

OA02 (MON-02) Montio-Cardaminetalia Pawłowski et al. 1928

Vegetation of cold oligotrophic water-springs in the nemoral to arctic zones and in the oromediterranean belt of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Montio-Cardaminetalia Pawłowski et al. 1928

Synonyms

OA02A (MON-02A) Mniobryo-Epilobion hornemannii Nordhagen 1943

Vegetation of cold oligotrophic water-springs in the boreal and Arctic zones of Northern Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mniobryo-Epilobion hornemannii Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

OA02B (MON-02B) Koenigio-Microjuncion (Sörensen 1942) Hadač 1971

Vegetation of clayey and sandy-clayey flats around water springs and on shores of lakes of the Arctic zone of Iceland and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Koenigio-Microjuncion (Sörensen 1942) Hadač 1971

Synonyms

Remark

mon03 | The syntaxonomy of this unit is contentious and the possibility of its placement within the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea cannot be excluded. (L. Mucina).

OA02C (MON-02C) Cardamino-Montion Br.-Bl. 1926

Vegetation of cold oligotrophic water springs in the subalpine and alpine belts of mountains of Central and southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cardamino-Montion Br.-Bl. 1926

Synonyms

Remark

mon04 | Hájková & Hájek (in Chytrý 2011: 604) suggested rejecting this name as a nomen ambiguum. (L. Mucina).

OA02D (MON-02D) Swertio perennis-Anisothecion squarrosi Hadač 1983

Vegetation of cold oligotrophic water springs in the supramontane and montane belts of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Swertio perennis-Anisothecion squarrosi Hadač 1983

Synonyms

OA02E (MON-02E) Epilobio nutantis-Montion Zechmeister in Zechmeister et Mucina 1994

Vegetation of oligotrophic water-springs in the submontane and montane belts of mountains of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epilobio nutantis-Montion Zechmeister in Zechmeister et Mucina 1994

Synonyms

OA02F (MON-02F) Cratoneurion commutati Koch 1928

Vegetation of moss-rich calcareous water springs in the montane and subalpine belts of Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cratoneurion commutati Koch 1928

Synonyms

Remark

mon07 | The position of the Cratoneurion commutati is marginal in this class and it would perhaps be better placed in the Adiantetea. (K. Dierssen).

OA02G (MON-02G) Lycopodo europaei-Cratoneurion commutati Hadač 1983

Vegetation of moss-rich calcareous water springs in the colline and submontane belts of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lycopodo europaei-Cratoneurion commutati Hadač 1983

Synonyms

Remark

mon09 | This alliance should be reduced to synonymy with the Cratoneurion commutati. (K. Dierssen).

OA02H (MON-02H) Myosotidion stoloniferae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Oroiberian and Western Orocantabrian vegetation of oligotrophic water springs of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Myosotidion stoloniferae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984

Synonyms

OA02I (MON-02I) Pinguiculo balcanicae-Cardaminion acris Čarni et Matevski 2010

Vegetation of the oligotrophic water springs in the subalpine zone of the Central and Southern Balkan mountain ranges

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pinguiculo balcanicae-Cardaminion acris Čarni et Matevski 2010

Synonyms

OB (LIT) Littorelletea uniflorae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Hairgrass swards and bladderwort vegetation in oligotrophic and mesotrophic waters of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Littorelletea uniflorae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

OB01 (LIT-01) Littorelletalia uniflorae Koch ex Tx. 1937

Hairgrass swards and bladderwort vegetation in oligotrophic and mesotrophic waters of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Littorelletalia uniflorae Koch ex Tx. 1937

Synonyms

OB01A (LIT-01A) Subularion aquaticae Hadač 1971

Dwarf-herb amphibious vegetation on the edges of glacial lakes of the high mountains of Central and southeastern Europe, oceanic boreo-subarctic Northern Europe and Greenland

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Subularion aquaticae Hadač 1971

Synonyms

OB01B (LIT-01B) Rorippion islandicae Béguin et Theurillat ined.

Pioneer vegetation on cryoturbated loamy-sandy edges of high-altitude shallow oligotrophic glacial lakes inundated by snow-melt of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rorippion islandicae Béguin et Theurillat ined.

Synonyms

Remark

lit05 | The alliance is awaiting formal description. For the ecology and distribution of this vegetation see Béguin (2011). (L. Mucina).

OB01C (LIT-01C) Deschampsion litoralis Oberd. et Dierßen in Dierßen 1975

Pioneer vegetation of dry upper littoral of large low-altitude glacial lakes of the northern and southern rims of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsion litoralis Oberd. et Dierßen in Dierßen 1975

Synonyms

OB01D (LIT-01D) Lobelion dortmannae Vanden Berghen 1964

Temperate-boreal amphibious Lobelia and Isoëtes communities in nutrient-poor standing waters of the Atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lobelion dortmannae Vanden Berghen 1964

Synonyms

OB01E (LIT-01E) Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Klika 1935

Vegetation of amphibious plants in fluctuating shallow oligo-mesotrophic waters of temperate and boreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Littorellion uniflorae Koch ex Klika 1935

Synonyms

OB01F (LIT-01F) Hyperico elodis-Sparganion Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Vegetation of amphibious plants in shallow mesotrophic waters on peaty substrates in atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico elodis-Sparganion Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

OB01G (LIT-01G) Sphagno-Utricularion T. Müller et Görs 1960

Vegetation dominated by bladderwort and peat-moss in oligotrophic and dystrophic peaty water pools of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagno-Utricularion T. Müller et Görs 1960

Synonyms

OB01H (LIT-01H) Scorpidio-Utricularion minoris Pietsch 1965

Vegetation dominated by bladderwort and peat-moss in neutral-reaction peaty water pools of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scorpidio-Utricularion minoris Pietsch 1965

Synonyms

OC (ISO) Isoëto-Nanojuncetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-cyperaceous vegetation in periodically freshwater flooded habitats of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Isoëto-Nanojuncetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

OC01 (ISO-01) Isoëtetalia Br.-Bl. 1936

Pioneer ephemeral dwarf-herb vegetation on periodically flooded soils of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Isoëtetalia Br.-Bl. 1935

Synonyms

OC01A (ISO-01A) Isoëtion Br.-Bl. 1936

Pioneer ephemeral quillwort vegetation of temporary pools and seasonally wet depressions of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Isoëtion Br.-Bl. 1935

Synonyms

OC01B (ISO-01B) Cicendion (Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961) Br.-Bl. 1967

Pioneer ephemeral herb-rich vegetation of oligotrophic temporarily flooded depressions of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cicendion (Rivas Goday in Rivas Goday et Borja 1961) Br.-Bl. 1967

Synonyms

Remark

iso02 | Brullo & Minissale (1998) classified this alliance within the temperate Nanocyperetalia. (L. Mucina).

OC01C (ISO-01C) Lythrion tribracteati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday 1970

Pioneer ephemeral herb-rich vegetation in long-lasting temporary summer pools of the inland Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lythrion tribracteati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas Goday 1970

Synonyms

OC01D (ISO-01D) Preslion cervinae Br.-Bl. ex Moor 1936

Pioneer ephemeral herb-rich vegetation of temporary pools on sandy soils of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Preslion cervinae Br.-Bl. ex Moor 1936

Synonyms

OC01E (ISO-01E) Agrostion salmanticae Rivas Goday 1958

Pioneer ephemeral grass-rich vegetation on acid sands in hollows (vallicares) of the northwestern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agrostion salmanticae Rivas Goday 1958

Synonyms

OC02 (ISO-02) Nanocyperetalia Klika 1935

Pioneer ephemeral herb- and graminoid-rich late-season vegetation on periodically flooded soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nanocyperetalia Klika 1935

Synonyms

OC02A (ISO-02A) Nanocyperion Koch 1926

Pioneer dwarf cyperaceous vegetation on moist calcium rich substrates of the submediterranean and Atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nanocyperion Koch 1926

Synonyms

Remark

iso05 | The 'Nanocyperion' Koch 1926 is a validly published name based on the Cyperetum flavescentis to which Koch (1926) refers the 'Juncus compressus-Parvocyperus-Association' of Braun-Blanquet (1922). The latter is a valid name based on one relevé published by Braun-Blanquet (1922) in the Schaedae ad Floram Rhaeticam exsiccatam, 4. Lieferung, Nr. 413. The Nanocyperion Koch 1926 should actually be the valid name for the Radiolion if the 'Cyperetum flavescentis Koch 1926' (nomen superfluum for the 'Junco compressi-Parvocyperetum Braun-Blanquet 1922') was included in the latter alliance (see also Täuber & Petersen 2000). (J.-P. Theurillat).

OC02B (ISO-02B) Radiolion linoidis Pietsch 1973

Pioneer herb-rich vegetation in temporarily flooded nutrient-poor habitats of Central and Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Radiolion linoidis Pietsch 1973

Synonyms

OC02C (ISO-02C) Elatino macropodae-Damasonion alismatis de Foucault 1988

Pioneer ephemeral herb-rich vegetation of temporary flooded mesotrophic depressions of the winter-mild submediterranean and atlantic regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elatino macropodae-Damasonion alismatis de Foucault 1988

Synonyms

OC02D (ISO-02D) Eleocharition soloniensis Philippi 1968

Pioneer ephemeral rush-rich vegetation in temporarily flooded mesotrophic habitats of Central and Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eleocharition soloniensis Philippi 1968

Synonyms

OC02E (ISO-02E) Verbenion supinae Slavnić 1951

Pioneer ephemeral herb-rich vegetation in periodically flooded nutrient-rich habitats in the nemoral zone of Central and southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verbenion supinae Slavnić 1951

Synonyms

OC02F (ISO-02F) Myosuro-Beckmannion eruciformis Shapoval 2006

Pioneer ephemeral grass-rich vegetation in periodically flooded nutrient-rich habitats in the steppe zone of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Myosuro-Beckmannion eruciformis Shapoval 2006

Synonyms

OD (PHR) Phragmito-Magnocaricetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

Reed swamp, sedge bed and herbland vegetation of freshwater or brackish water bodies and streams of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phragmito-Magnocaricetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

Synonyms

OD01 (PHR-01) Phragmitetalia Koch 1926

Reed swamps, sedge beds and herblands of mesotrophic and eutrophic stagnating or slowly flowing freshwater or brackish water bodies of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phragmitetalia Koch 1926

Synonyms

OD01A (PHR-01A) Phragmition communis Koch 1926

Reed swamp vegetation of mesotrophic and eutrophic standing freshwater bodies or gently moving streams of boreo-temperate Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phragmition communis Koch 1926

Synonyms

OD01B (PHR-01B) Typhion laxmannii Nedelcu 1968

Subsaline reed swamp vegetation of the upper littoral of the continental lakes of Eastern and southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Typhion laxmannii Nedelcu 1968

Synonyms

OD02 (PHR-02) Bolboschoenetalia maritimi Hejný in Holub et al. 1967

Meso-eutrophic brackish swamp reeds of European temperate coasts and the subcontinental inland regions of Central and Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bolboschoenetalia maritimi Hejný in Holub et al. 1967

Synonyms

Remark

phr02 | Some authors (e.g. Tüxen & Hülbusch 1971; Solomakha 2008) consider this vegetation different enough to be separated as a class in its own right (Bolboschoenetea maritimi). (L. Mucina) Alternatively, this order could be classified within the Juncetea maritimi. (J. Dengler).

OD02A (PHR-02A) Scirpion maritimi Dahl et Hadač 1941

Meso-eutrophic brackish swamp reeds of European temperate coastal regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scirpion maritimi Dahl et Hadač 1941

Synonyms

OD02B (PHR-02B) Meliloto dentati-Bolboschoenion maritimi Hroudová et al. 2009

Tall-rush subsaline reed communities of the continental regions of the Iberian Peninsula and the Pannonian Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Meliloto dentati-Bolboschoenion maritimi Hroudová et al. 2009

Synonyms

OD03 (PHR-03) Saccharetalia ravennae Biondi, Blasi et Casavecchia in Biondi et al. 2014

Infra-mesomediterranean megareed beds of subsaline sandy intermittent rivers and hind dune depressions of Mediterranean Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saccharetalia ravennae Biondi, Blasi et Casavecchia in Biondi et al. 2014

Synonyms

OD03A (PHR-03A) Imperato cylindricae-Saccharion ravennae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Infra-mesomediterranean megareed beds of subsaline sandy intermittent rivers and hind dune depressions of Mediterranean Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Imperato cylindricae-Saccharion ravennae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

OD04 (PHR-04) Magnocaricetalia Pignatti 1953

Sedge-bed marsh vegetation of boreal and temperate Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Magnocaricetalia Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

OD04A (PHR-04A) Magnocaricion elatae Koch 1926

Sedge-bed marsh vegetation on oligotrophic to mesotrophic organic sediments of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Magnocaricion elatae Koch 1926

Synonyms

OD04B (PHR-04B) Magnocaricion gracilis Géhu 1961

Sedge-bed marsh vegetation on eutrophic clayey sediments in riverine habitats of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Magnocaricion gracilis Géhu 1961

Synonyms

OD04C (PHR-04C) Carici-Rumicion hydrolapathi Passarge 1964

Herbland vegetation on non-stabilised organic substrates in mesotrophic waters of boreal and temperate Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carici-Rumicion hydrolapathi Passarge 1964

Synonyms

OD05 (PHR-05) Nasturtio-Glycerietalia Pignatti 1953

Herblands and sedge-beds of well-oxygenated freshwater flowing streams of the temperate and mediterranean regions of Europe and Madeira

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nasturtio-Glycerietalia Pignatti 1953

Synonyms

OD05A (PHR-05A) Glycerio-Sparganion Br.-Bl. et Sissingh in Boer 1942

Herbland vegetation of small freshwater streams and in shallow water bodies of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Glycerio-Sparganion Br.-Bl. et Sissingh in Boer 1942

Synonyms

OD05B (PHR-05B) Phalaridion arundinaceae Kopecký 1961

Reed vegetation of freshwater flowing and seasonally fluctuating streams of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phalaridion arundinaceae Kopecký 1961

Synonyms

Remark

phr09 | Floristically this alliance is not clearly differentiated, and therefore it should be included into the Magnocaricion. (K. Dierssen).

OD05C (PHR-05C) Caricion broterianae (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) J.A. Molina 1996

Ibero-Atlantic sedge beds of fast-flowing freshwater streams

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion broterianae (Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986) J.A. Molina 1996

Synonyms

OD05D (PHR-05D) Deschampsion argenteae Capelo et al. 2000

Madeirean herblands of waterfalls and on walls with slow dripping or flowing laminar water

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Deschampsion argenteae Capelo et al. 2000

Synonyms

OD06 (PHR-06) Oenanthetalia aquaticae Hejný ex Balátová-Tuláčková et al. 1993

Vegetation of emergent helophytes in shallow waters with fluctuating water table of temperate and boreal Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oenanthetalia aquaticae Hejný ex Balátová-Tuláčková et al. 1993

Synonyms

OD06A (PHR-06A) Eleocharito palustris-Sagittarion sagittifoliae Passarge 1964

Vegetation of emergent helophytes on muddy soils of shallows streams and ponds with fluctuating water table of temperate and boreal Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eleocharito palustris-Sagittarion sagittifoliae Passarge 1964

Synonyms

OD06B (PHR-06B) Alopecuro-Glycerion spicatae S. Brullo et al. 1994

Vegetation of hygrophilous herblands of shallow montane pools characterised by large water-depth fluctuations at high altitudes of Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alopecuro-Glycerion spicatae S. Brullo et al. 1994

Synonyms

Remark

phr11 | The Alopecuro-Glycerion spicatae was described from the ponds and lakes of the Nebrodi Mts, Sicily. Brullo et al. (1994) justified the delimitation of this alliance by a peculiar species composition being primarily a mixture of species of the Phragmito-Magnocaricetea and Potamogetonetea, with some other accompanying species straddling the Phragmito-Magnocaricetea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. This composition was ascribed to specific climatic conditions of Sicily characterised by high, yet uneven annual precipitation patterns. There are typical periods of summer drought accompanied by short heavy rains that becomes reflected in high water-level fluctuations in the ponds during the summer. Based on the large cover of the Potamogetonetea species in the Alopecuro-Glycerion communities, Brullo et al. (1994) classified the Alopecuro-Glycerion spicatae within the Potamogetonetea. However, most of sampled stands published in the original paper are dominated by Phragmito-Magnocaricetea species that determine the physiognomy of the stands. Therefore, we argue that the Alopecuro-Glycerion should be assigned to the Phragmito-Magnocaricetea. The communities of the Alopecuro-Glycerion, and many other types of reed vegetation alike, experience stages of drought and stages of floods with well-developed floating and/or submerged layer of aquatic plants. It appears that this alliance was coined on the basis of communities sampled during the periods of elevated water levels. The Alopecuro-Glycerion shares considerable floristic and ecological similarities with the Eleocharito palustris-Sagittarion sagittifoliae and partly also with the Glycerio-Sparganion characteristic of habitats with fluctuating water level and co-occurrence of numerous aquatic plants during the flooding phase. We consider, however, the status of the Alopecuro-Glycerion as insufficiently clear and therefore we prefer maintaining this unit as a separate alliance. As such, we classified this alliance, together with Eleocharito-Sagittarion, in the Oenanthetalia. This solution should be considered as preliminary as new relevé data should be collected in phases other than in time of flooding to shed light on the yearly dynamics of the floristic composition fo this vegetation. (K. Šumberová, L. Mucina).

OD07 (PHR-07) Arctophiletalia fulvae Pestryakov et Gogoleva in Kholod 2007

Arctophila wetland grasslands on oligotrophic gyttja soils in the Arctic zone of northeastern Europe, Siberia and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arctophiletalia fulvae Petryakov et Gogoleva in Kholod 2007

Synonyms

Remark

phr12 | This order name was unintentionally validated by Kholod (2007: 41), who assigned here the only, in his paper validated alliance − the Arctophilion fulvae; see Remark phr13. (L. Mucina).

OD07A (PHR-07A) Arctophilion fulvae Pestryakov et Gogoleva in Kholod 2007

Arctophila wetland grasslands on oligotrophic gyttja soils in the Arctic zone of northeastern Europe, Siberia and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arctophilion fulvae Pestryakov et Gogoleva in Kholod 2007

Synonyms

Remark

phr13 | This alliance name was unintentionally validated by Kholod (2007: 41), who assigned in this alliance only one validly published association, Arctophiletum fulvae Thannheiser 1976 (The paper by Thannheiser 1976 is duly cited in the references, however, the correct full name of the associations should read: Arctophiletum fulvae Lambert in Thannheiser 1976.). This association becomes automatically the holotypus of the Arctophilion fulvae. Arctophila fulva is on the same page in Kholod (l.c.) listed as the character-species of the Arctophilion fulvae. ‘Pestryakov & Gogoleva 1989’ refers to an unpublished manuscript deposited in the VINITI institute in Moscow. (L. Mucina).

PA (SCH) Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea fuscae Tx. 1937

Sedge-moss vegetation of fens, transitional mires and bog hollows in the temperate, boreal and Arctic zones of the Northern Hemisphere

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea fuscae Tx. 1937

Synonyms

Remark

sch01 | There are two contrasting (as well as some transitional) approaches to the classification of fens in Europe: (1) The first one is delimiting associations and alliances using dominance of fen plant species with rather wide niches (e.g. Dierßen 1982); (2) the other approach relies on species groups and follows ecological classification into extremely rich fens, rich fens, moderately-rich fens, poor fens, and dystrophic bog hollows (for details see Hájek et al. 2006). The most substantial difference with crucial consequences for nomenclature is that the former approach merges bog hollows with different types of minerotrophic fens dominated by either Rhynchospora alba or Carex limosa into a single alliance − the Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926. Many vegetation survey accounts keep only the bog hollows in this alliance, that is however, not consistent with the nomenclatural type of the Rhynchosporion albae. The other surveys prefer to discern the floristically contrasting minerotrophic fens and ombrotrophic bogs. The second substantial difference is that the former approach involves all mires dominated by Carex lasiocarpa, C. diandra and/or C. chordorrhiza into a single alliance − the Caricion lasiocarpae regardless of variations in total species composition (including bryophytes) controlled by variable base saturation underpinning the principal floristic gradient within the mires. The latter approach divides the principal base-saturation gradient into particular sections that correspond to alliances, with the above-mentioned species occurring in more alliances. These two approaches are so different that the application of nomenclatural rules becomes inherently context-dependent. (M. Hájek).

PA01 (SCH-01) Caricetalia davallianae Br.-Bl. 1950 nom. conserv. propos.

Sedge-moss vegetation of calcareous and extremely mineral rich brown-moss fens of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricetalia davallianae Br.-Bl. 1950 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sch04 | The name 'Caricetalia Davallianae ord. nova' (recte: Caricetalia davallianae) was validly published in Braun-Blanquet (1949b). The original diagnosis of the name contains the two alliances 'Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae Nordhagen 1936' and 'Caricion davallianae Klika 1934' with no bibliographical reference to Nordhagen (‘1936’, recte: 1937) and Klika (1934). However, the two associations 'Caricetum Davallianae (Br.-Bl.) W. Koch 1926 em.' and 'Schoenetum nigricantis W. Koch 1926' were indicated to belong to the 'Caricion davallianae' and there is a bibliographical reference to Koch (1926), where the Schoenetum nigricantis was validly described and where the Caricetum davallianae was mentioned with the reference to Dutoit (1924). Therefore, technically, Braun-Blanquet published the 'Caricion davallianae Klika ex Braun-Blanquet' that is a later homonym of Klika's name. The date of the name is 1950 because the bibliographical references were published only in Braun-Blanquet (1950) (ICPN art. 6). Therefore, the 'Caricion davallianae Klika ex Braun-Blanquet 1950' being validly published, the 'Caricetalia davallianae Braun-Blanquet 1950' is also validly published as a consequence. However, with the name Caricetalia davallianae Braun-Blanquet 1950, being a later syntaxonomic synonym of the Tofieldietalia Soó 1949, it is proposed to conserve it against the earlier name as it has been much more widely used than the less known Tofieldietalia. (J.-P. Theurillat).

PA01A (SCH-01A) Caricion davallianae Klika 1934

Sedge-moss calcareous mineral-rich phosphorus-limited fen vegetation of Europe and Western Asia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion davallianae Klika 1934

Synonyms

PA01B (SCH-01B) Caricion viridulo-trinervis Julve ex Hájek et Mucina in Theurillat et al. 2015

Low-sedge vegetation of subsaline dune slack fens of Western European Atlantic seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion viridulo-trinervis Julve ex Hájek et Mucina in Theurillat et al. 2015

Synonyms

PA01C (SCH-01C) Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943

Low-sedge low-productivity calcareous fens on mineral soils and gravelly substrates not accumulating peat of the Alps, the Pyrenees, Scandinavia and the European Arctic archipelagos

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion atrofusco-saxatilis Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

PA02 (SCH-02) Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypnetalia Lapshina 2010

Sedge and brown-moss nitrogen-limited fen vegetation of Western Siberia and the northeastern European lowlands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypnetalia Lapshina 2010

Synonyms

PA02A (SCH-02A) Saxifrago-Tomentypnion Lapshina 2010

Sedge and brown-moss moderately calcareous topogenic nitrogen-limited fen vegetation of the boreal and subarctic zones of Western Siberian and the northeast European lowlands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saxifrago-Tomentypnion Lapshina 2010

Synonyms

Remark

sch10 | This is a recently described alliance that needs to be clearly delimited from the Caricion davallianae, Magnocaricion elatae and Stygio-Caricion limosae. (M. Hájek).

PA02B (SCH-02B) Caricion stantis Matveyeva 1994

Brown-moss rich fens of the subartic and Arctic zones of Svalbard, Greenland, Novaya Zemlya, Taymyr and the Canadian Arctic

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion stantis Matveyeva 1994

Synonyms

PA02C (SCH-02C) Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943

Extremely waterlogged brown-moss minerotrophic neutral fens in the boreal zone of Northern Europe and on deep old peats of the Central European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stygio-Caricion limosae Nordhagen 1943

Synonyms

Remark

sch11 | This alliance includes waterlogged, minerotrophic, non-calcareous brown-moss fens containing boreal semi-aquatic mosses (Calliergon trifarium, Scorpidium scorpioides) and sedges such as Carex chordorrhiza, C. limosa and Carex lasiocarpa. According to Nordhagen (1943), it comprises neither vegetation of hollows of ombrotrophic bogs nor of peat moss-dominated mires and therefore it cannot be synonymised either with the Scheuchzerion palustris Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 nor with the Rhynchosporion albae Koch 1926 that is dominated by peat mosses and contains grassland and other nutrient-demanding species, and does not contain either Carex limosa or C. chordorrhiza. Unlike the Caricion davallianae, the Stygio-Caricion limosae does not contain calcicolous vascular elements of the Caricion davallianae. On the other hand, if one accepts a broad concept of the Caricion lasiocarpae Vanden Berghen in Lebrun et al. 1949, and simultaneously accepts that the Rhynchosporion albae should not include the ombrotrophic bog hollows, the name Stygio-Caricion limosae must be used instead of the Caricion lasiocarpae because of priority reasons. The Stygio-Caricion limosae is still used in recent Scandinavian studies (e.g. Moen et al. 2012). (M. Hájek).

PA02D (SCH-02D) Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypnion nitentis Dahl 1957

Moderately calcium-rich sedge-moss fens of the boreal zone and montainous regions in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypnion nitentis Dahl 1957

Synonyms

Remark

sch12 | K. Dierssen and Dengler et al. (2004) suggested considering this syntaxon synonymous with the Caricion fuscae Koch 1926. In contrast to the Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 (syn: Caricion canescenti-nigrae Nordhagen 1937), the communities of this alliance contain calcicolous species characteristic of the Caricetalia davallianae, a group of boreal mosses characterising rich fens as well as species of moderately rich and poor fens. The Sphagno warnstorfii-Tomentypnion nitentis is an ecologically well-defined alliance and still in use in regional and national vegetation surveys across Europe (e.g. in former Czechoslovakia: Hájek & Hájková in Chytrý 2011; Dítě et al. 2007; in Scandinavia: Moen et al. 2012, and in Russia: Korotkov et al. 1991; Koroleva 2006; Lapshina 2010). If not accepted, the communities of this alliance should be classified in the Caricion fuscae and the Caricion davallianae (e.g. Dierßen 1982). (M. Hájek).

PA03 (SCH-03) Caricetalia fuscae Koch 1926

Sedge-moss vegetation of slightly to strongly acidic minerotrophic moderately-rich or poor fens in the boreal and temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere and in the supramediterranean belt of Southern European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricetalia fuscae Koch 1926

Synonyms

PA03A (SCH-03A) Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933

Arcto-alpine intermediate non-calcareous fens of boreo-arctic Europe and the high mountains of Central and Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Drepanocladion exannulati Krajina 1933

Synonyms

PA03B (SCH-03B) Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 nom. conserv. propos.

Sedge-moss vegetation moderately to low calcium-rich slightly acidic fens dominated by calcifuge brown-mosses or nutrient-demanding peat-mosses of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sch19 | Hájek & Hájková in Chytrý (2011: 619, 662) argued for rejecting the name Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 as nomen ambiguum, because the relevés presented in the original diagnosis feature the Caricion davallianae communities, and the name Caricion fuscae was never used for this type of vegetation. In all subsequent studies, the Caricion fuscae was used either for moderately rich or poor fens or both. The Caricion fuscae was typified in Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011) by choosing the Caricetum nigrae J. Braun 1915 as the typus. This typification is superfluous because the alliance is automatically typified by the Caricetum fuscae (ICPN art. 20). Koch (1926) did not publish a diagnosis of this association, but referred to older descriptions of the Caricetum fuscae in the text. However, none of these descriptions represents the Caricion fuscae in the current sense. Therefore we propose to conserve the name Caricion fuscae Koch 1926 with a conserved type − in order to use this well established name for moderate to lowly calcium-rich slightly acidic fens dominated by calcifuge brown-mosses or nutrient-demanding peat-mosses of Europe. (M. Hájek, L. Mucina, J.-P. Theurillat, W. Willner).

PA03C (SCH-03C) Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967

Ibero-Atlantic moderately-rich fens

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anagallido tenellae-Juncion bulbosi Br.-Bl. 1967

Synonyms

Remark

sch24 | A discussion of the nomenclature of this unit can be found in Fernández Prieto & Herrera Gallastegui (1991). This alliance remains widely accepted by French (Bardat et al. 2004) and Iberian (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011; Costa et al. 2012; Fernández Prieto et al. 2012) authors. (L. Mucina) K. Dierssen doubts the scientific validity of this syntaxonomic concept because of very large sampling scales used in collecting the relevé material on which basis the Anagallido-Juncion was described. (L. Mucina).

PA03D (SCH-03D) Sphagno-Caricion canescentis Passarge (1964) 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Peat-moss acidic poor yet minerotrophic fens of the boreal and temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagno-Caricion canescentis Passarge (1964) 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sch25 | Alternatively, this unit would fit very well within the ecological unit called 'poor fens' (Hájek et al. 2006). In many recent vegetation surveys however, poor and moderately rich fens are merged into a single alliance Caricion fuscae Koch 1926. In some other surveys, poor fens strongly dominated by calcifuge Sphagnum species are classified either in the Sphagno-Caricion canescentis Passarge (1964) 1978 (Valachovič 2001; Chytrý 2011) or in the Caricion canescentis-fuscae Nordhagen 1937 (Dengler et al. 2004: sub: 'Caricion canescentis-nigrae Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937 corr. Timmermann in Dengler et al. 2004'). However, the name 'Caricion canescentis-fuscae (Koch 1928) Nordhagen 1937' published by Tüxen (1937) is an illegitimate correction (ICPN art. 30) of the Caricion canescentis-goodenowii Nordhagen 1937 because Tüxen (1937) referred to Nordhagen (1937) using an unambiguous bibliographical reference. Nordhagen´s name was published validly as it included the validly described associations Caricetum fuscae Dutoit 1924 and Caricetum fuscae Braun-Blanquet 1915, both undoubtedly representing moderately rich fens and not Sphagnum-dominated poor fens. The name Caricion canescentis-goodenowii hence cannot be used for poor fens delimited from moderately rich fens. The alliance comprising only poor fens and not moderately rich fens hence should carry a different name. We propose to conserve the name Sphagno-Caricion canescentis Passarge (1964) 1978 against the Sphagnion recurvi Succow 1974 that had not been in use in any recent national vegetation survey. In addition, the name 'Sphagnion recurvi Succow 1974' should to be corrected since Sphagnum recurvum s.str. does not occur in Eurasia (except for the Azores). (M. Hájek). K. Dierssen suggests that this syntaxon should be considered synonymous with the Caricion fuscae Koch 1926.

PA03E (SCH-03E) Festucion frigidae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Relict oromediterranean moderately-rich fens of the Sierra Nevada (Southern Iberian Peninsula)

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Festucion frigidae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

PA03F (SCH-03F) Caricion intricatae Quézel 1953

Relict oromediterranean moderately-rich fens of Corsica

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caricion intricatae Quézel 1953

Synonyms

PA03G (SCH-03G) Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušić 1968

Relict oromediterranean moderately-rich fens of the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Narthecion scardici Horvat ex Lakušić 1968

Synonyms

Remark

sch27 | Resolving the syntaxonomic position of this unit requires a large-scale comparative study. (M. Hájek).

PA04 (SCH-04) Scheuchzerietalia palustris Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937

Ombrotrophic bog-hollow vegetation of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scheuchzerietalia palustris Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937

Synonyms

PA04A (SCH-04A) Scheuchzerion palustris Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937

Ombrotrophic bog-hollow vegetation of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scheuchzerion palustris Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937

Synonyms

Remark

sch28 | This vegetation was formerly classified within the Rhynchosporion together with moderately rich minerotrophic fens. I suggest that recognising a separate alliance for ombrotrophic bog hollows is ecologically sensible because all ecological classifications of mires use ombrotrophic and minerotrophic conditions as the leading classification criteria. Dengler et al. (2004) proposed to separate bog hollows from the Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae. Because the Rhynchosporion albae was described from minerotrophic fens, the latter name cannot be used for the vegetation classified here as the Scheuchzerion palustris. (M. Hájek) K. Dierssen disagrees with this solution.

PB (OXY) Oxycocco-Sphagnetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Dwarf-shrub, sedge and peat-moss vegetation of the Holarctic ombrotrophic bogs and wet heath on extremely acidic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxycocco-Sphagnetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

PB01 (OXY-01) Ericetalia tetralicis Moore 1968

Dwarf-shrub, sedge and peat-moss vegetation of the raised bogs and wet heath of the atlantic and subatlantic regions of Western and Northern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erico-Ledetalia palustris Tx. 1937

Synonyms

PB01A (OXY-01A) Ericion tetralicis Schwickerath 1933

Dwarf-shrub, sedge and peat-moss vegetation of moist peaty heath on gleic and podzolic soils of the atlantic and subatlantic regions of Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ericion tetralicis Schwickerath 1933

Synonyms

PB01B (OXY-01B) Oxycocco-Ericion tetralicis Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937

Dwarf-shrub, sedge and peat-moss bog vegetation of the atlantic and subatlantic regions of Western and Northwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxycocco-Ericion tetralicis Nordhagen ex Tx. 1937

Synonyms

PB01C (OXY-01C) Sphagno papillosi-Ericion mackaianae (Fernández Prieto et al. 1987) Rivas-Martínez et al. 1999 nom. invers.

Dwarf-shrub, sedge and peat-moss vegetation of hyperoceanic bogs of Northwestern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

PB02 (OXY-02) Sphagnetalia medii Kästner et Flössner 1933

Dwarf-shrub and peat-moss vegetation of the continental, subcontinental, boreo-continental and high-altitude raised bogs of the Northern Hemisphere

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagnetalia medii Kästner et Flössner 1933

Synonyms

PB02A (OXY-02A) Oxycocco microcarpi-Empetrion hermaphroditi Nordhagen ex Du Rietz 1954 nom. conserv. propos.

Dwarf-shrub and peat-moss bog hummock vegetation in the boreal and arctic Europe and the Central European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxycocco microcarpi-Empetrion hermaphroditi Nordhagen ex Du Rietz 1954 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

oxy03 | I propose to conserve this name against the Sphagnion fusci Br.-Bl. 1949. The latter alliance is automatically typified by the Sphagnetum fusci Luquet 1926 (ICPN art. 20) that represents undoubtedly the same vegetation as the Oxycocco-Empetrion hermaphroditi Nordhagen ex Du Rietz 1954. However Braun-Blanquet (1949c) explicitly stated that he considered the Sphagnion fusci to be vicarious to the 'Oxycocco-Empetrion hermaphroditi Nordhagen 1936' and listed character species of the alliance that are rather indicative of the Sphagnion magellanici Kästner et Flössner 1933. Consequently, the interpretation of the concept of this alliance became ambiguous and some authors considered it to be a synonym of the Sphagnion magellanici (e.g., Steiner 1992) despite the fact that its type would exclude such an interpretation. On the contrary, the name Oxycocco-Empetrion hermaphroditi Nordhagen ex Du Rietz 1954 has usually been applied unequivocally in many recent vegetation surveys in Europe. (M. Hájek).

PB02B (OXY-02B) Sphagnion medii Kästner et Flössner 1933

Dwarf-shrub and peat-moss vegetation of the subcontinental, temperate and mountain raised bogs of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphagnion medii Kästner et Flössner 1933

Synonyms

PB02C (OXY-02C) Sphagno baltici-Trichophorion cespitosi Jiroušek et al. 2022

Dwarf-shrub, sedge and peat-moss bog lawn vegetation of the boreal subcontinental Europe and the Central European mountains

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

PB02D (OXY-02D) Rubo chamaemori-Dicranion elongati Lavrinenko et Lavrinenko 2015 nom. inval. (Art. 3m, 27)

Dwarf-shrub, cloudberry, moss and lichen bog hummock vegetation of polygonal mires and palsas of the European Arctic

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Not included in EuroVegChecklist

Synonyms

QA (PAR) Papaveretea rhoeadis S. Brullo et al. 2001 nom. conserv. propos.

Annual weed segetal vegetation of arable crops, gardens and vineyards in the cool-temperate and boreal zones of Eurasia and in the Mediterranean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Papaveretea rhoeadis S. Brullo et al. 2001 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

par01 | The syntaxonomic concept of the class corresponds roughly to the older, well-established concept of the 'Secalietea'. (J.-P. Theurillat).

QA01 (PAR-01) Aperetalia spicae-venti J.Tx. et Tx. in Malato-Beliz et al. 1960 nom. conserv. propos.

Weed vegetation of cereal fields and gardens on acidic and nutrient-poor soils in the cool-temperate and boreal zones of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aperetalia spicae-venti J.Tx. et Tx. in Malato-Beliz et al. 1960 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

par03 | Some authors prefer to separate the weed communities of cereal fields on poor sandy-loamy soils from those of summer crops. The Aperetalia spicae-venti would then include the Scleranthion annui and Rumicion bucephalophori. (E. Bergmeier).

QA01A (PAR-01A) Scleranthion annui (Kruseman et Vlieger 1939) Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946

Weed segetal vegetation of winter cereal crops on neutral to acidic loamy and sandy-loamy soils of the (sub)atlantic regions in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scleranthion annui (Kruseman et Vlieger 1939) Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946

Synonyms

QA01B (PAR-01B) Oxalidion europeae Passarge 1978

Weed segetal vegetation of gardens and root crop fields on acidic loamy and sandy-loamy soils of the subatlantic to subcontinental regions in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oxalidion europeae Passarge 1978

Synonyms

QA01C (PAR-01C) Galeopsion bifidae Abramova in Mirkin et al. 1985

Weed segetal vegetation of gardens and root crop cultures on acidic sandy-loamy soils in the continental hemiboreal and boreal zones of Eastern Europe and Siberia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galeopsion bifidae Abramova in Mirkin et al. 1985

Synonyms

QA02 (PAR-02) Papaveretalia rhoeadis Hüppe et Hofmeister ex Theurillat et al. 1995 nom. conserv. propos.

Weed segetal vegetation of arable crops on base-rich soils in the forest, forest-steppe, steppe and subboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Papaveretalia rhoeadis Hüppe et Hofmeister ex Theurillat et al. 1995 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

QA02A (PAR-02A) Caucalidion lappulae von Rochow 1951

Weed segetal vegetation of cereal crops on the base-rich soils of Western, Central and southeastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caucalidion lappulae von Rochow 1951

Synonyms

QA02B (PAR-02B) Linion Rothmaler 1944

Weed segetal vegetation of flax fields of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linion Rothmaler 1944

Synonyms

Remark

par10 | This weed vegetation, exclusively accompanying cultivation of flax (Linum usitatissimum) in the temperate Europe (Rothmaler 1944; J. Tüxen 1966) has most probably been eradicated by the improvement of the seed purification procedures. See Kornaś (1961) and Lososová in Chytrý (2009: 80) on the account of the special ecology and history of this enigmatic witness of long-gone agricultural practices. (L. Mucina).

QA02C (PAR-02C) Veronico-Euphorbion Sissingh in Passarge 1964

Weed segetal vegetation of vineyards and gardens on the base-rich soils of Central and Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico-Euphorbion Sissingh in Passarge 1964

Synonyms

QA02D (PAR-02D) Matricario chamomillae-Chenopodion albi Timár 1954

Summer-annual segetal weed vegetation on clayey subsaline soils of the subcontinental regions of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Matricario chamomillae-Chenopodion albi Timár 1954

Synonyms

QA02E (PAR-02E) Anthemido ruthenicae-Sisymbrion orientalis V. Solomakha 1990

Winter-annual segetal weed vegetation of cereal crops on base-rich soils of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthemido ruthenicae-Sisymbrion orientalis V. Solomakha 1990

Synonyms

QA02F (PAR-02F) Lamio amplexicaule-Calepinion irregularis Bagrikova 1996

Weed segetal vegetation of vineyards on the base-rich soils of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lamio amplexicaule-Calepinion irregularis Bagrikova 1996

Synonyms

QA02G (PAR-02G) Chenopodio albi-Descurainion sophiae V. Solomakha et al. in V. Solomakha 1988

Weed segetal vegetation of cereal crops on chernozem soils in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenopodio albi-Descurainion sophiae V. Solomakha et al. in V. Solomakha 1988

Synonyms

QA02H (PAR-02H) Erysimo repandi-Lycopsion orientalis V. Solomakha 1996

Weed segetal vegetation of arable crops on kastanozem and chernozem soils in the steppe zone of Ukraine

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erysimo repandi-Lycopsion orientalis V. Solomakha 1996

Synonyms

QA02I (PAR-02I) Lactucion tataricae Rudakov in Mirkin et al. 1985

Weed segetal vegetation on chernozem soils in the steppe zone of Southern Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lactucion tataricae Rudakov in Mirkin et al. 1985

Synonyms

QA03 (PAR-03) Gladiolo italici-Ridolfietalia segeti Mucina ined.

Mediterranean winter-annual weed segetal vegetation of arable crops

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gladiolo italici-Ridolfietalia segeti Mucina ined.

Synonyms

Remark

par11 | A format description of this unit will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

QA03A (PAR-03A) Ridolfion segetum Nègre ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Weed segetal vegetation of arable crops on neutral loamy-clayey soils in the thermo- and mesomediterranean belts of North Africa and the Southern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ridolfion segeti Nègre ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

Synonyms

QA03B (PAR-03B) Roemerion hybridae Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi in Loidi et al. 1997

Weed segetal vegetation of arable crops on basic substrates in the meso- and supramediterranean belts of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Roemerion hybridae Rivas-Mart., Fernández-González et Loidi in Loidi et al. 1997

Synonyms

QA03C (PAR-03C) Rumicion bucephalophori Nezadal 1989

Weed segetal communities of winter cereal crops on nutrient-poor soils in the meso- and supramediterranean belts of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rumicion bucephalophori Nezadal 1989

Synonyms

QA03D (PAR-03D) Fumarion wirtgenii-agrariae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Weed segetal vegetation of vineyards, orchards and hoed crops in the thermomediterranean belt of the Western and Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fumarion wirtgenii-agrariae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

QB (SIS) Sisymbrietea Gutte et Hilbig 1975

Zoo-anthropogenic and modern anthropogenic vegetation of animal shelters and disturbed ruderal sites in cool- and cold-temperate regions of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sisymbrietea Gutte et Hilbig 1975

Synonyms

QB01 (SIS-01) Sisymbrietalia sophiae J. Tx. ex Görs 1966 nom. conserv. propos.

Ruderal vegetation of annual nutrient-demanding herbs and grasses on disturbed soils in the nemoral and steppe zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sisymbrietalia sophiae J. Tx. ex Görs 1966 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sis01 | The conservation of this name (as suggested by Dengler et al. 2003: 599) was motivated by protecting it as well-known and widely used against the older but less known and hardly used valid name for the same syntaxonomic concept − the Chenopodio-Urticetalia Libbert 1932. (L. Mucina, J. Dengler).

QB01A (SIS-01A) Atriplicion Passarge 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Ruderal vegetation of tall summer-annual herbs on sandy-loamy nutrient-rich ruderal soils of subcontinental temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Atriplicion Passarge 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sis02 | Passarge (1978) listed 4 associations in the 'Atriplicion Hejný 76'. There is no paper by Hejný published in 1976 mentioned in the list references in Passarge (l.c.). In fact there is no such paper published by S. Hejný related to this topic at all. Passarge listed four associations in the original diagnosis of the alliance, among which two have a reference to a sufficient diagnosis, the validly published 'Sisymbrio-Atriplicetum oblongifoliae Oberd. 1957' and the 'Atriplici-Brassicetum nigrae Pass. (64) 78'. For the latter name, there is a reference to Passarge (1964) who published a 'Brassica nigra-Atriplex-Ges." (Passarge 1964: 85) serving as the original diagnosis of the 'Atriplici-Brassicetum nigrae Pass. (64) 78'. On all accounts, the 'Atriplicion Passarge 1978' is validly published. Although there are several species of 'Atriplex' in the relevés of the original diagnosis of the alliance, the correct citation of the name is 'Atriplicion nitentis Passarge 1978' because in the index of the plant communities (p. 190) Passarge added the specific epithet in referring to the alliance. Because this name has been more often used than the older Brachyaction ciliatae and the Sisymbrion sophiae (see the Remarks below) as well as the equally old Atriplici–Sisymbrion Hejný 1978 we suggest conserving the Atriplicion Passarge 1978 against the latter listed names in order to stabilise the nomenclature. (L. Mucina).

QB01B (SIS-01B) Cannabidion sativae Golub et al. 2012

Ruderal vegetation of tall summer-annual herbs on heavy clayey nutrient-rich soils of continental Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cannabidion sativae Golub et al. 2012

Synonyms

QB01C (SIS-01C) Malvion neglectae (Gutte 1972) Hejný 1978

Ruderal vegetation of low-grown short-lived summer-annual herbs on nutrient-rich loamy and slightly trampled soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Malvion neglectae (Gutte 1972) Hejný 1978

Synonyms

QB01D (SIS-01D) Sisymbrion officinalis Tx. et al. ex von Rochow 1951

Ruderal vegetation of nutrient-demanding short-lived winter-annual grasses on sandy anthropogenic soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sisymbrion officinalis Tx. et al. ex von Rochow 1951

Synonyms

QB02 (SIS-02) Hackelio deflexae-Blitetalia foliosi Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Therophyte-rich zoogenic vegetation of mammal lairs under stone overhangs in the mountains of Europe, Middle East, Central Asia and southern Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hackelio deflexae-Blitetalia foliosi Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

sis07 | This vegetation offers a window into the vegetation of naturally disturbed sites such as mammal lairs (incl. those of pre-historic man). As a rule, it only occurs in small patches, under rock overhangs. They exemplify a precious relict of the pre-historic zoo-anthropogenic communities. Syntaxonomically it deserves recognition at least at the level of order that, at present, contains only one validly described alliance − the Erysimo wittmannii-Hackelion (Bernátová 1986: 55); this alliance is designated here as the holotypus (hoc loco) of the new order. Further syntaxa shall undoubtedly be described from other continents (Asia, Africa). The diagnostic species of the order are the same as stipulated for the alliance in its protologue: Anisantha tectorum, Arabis nova, Asperugo procumbens, Blitum foliosum, Corydalis capnoides, Cynoglossum officinale, Descurainia sophia, Erysimum wittmannii, Hackelia deflexa and Poa nemoralis. A detailed syntaxonomic synthesis of these communities is under preparation. (L. Mucina).

QB02A (SIS-02A) Erysimo wittmannii-Hackelion Bernátová 1986

Therophyte-rich zoogenic vegetation of mammal lairs under stone overhangs in the mountains of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Erysimo wittmannii-Hackelion Bernátová 1986

Synonyms

QC (CHE) Chenopodietea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Winter-annual weed segetal and ruderal vegetation of man-made habitats of the Mediterranean, the mild-winter Atlantic seaboards and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenopodietea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

Remark

che01 | Dengler et al. (2003: 598) suggested considering this name as a nomen ambiguum (for the reasoning see the latter publication). (L. Mucina).

QC01 (CHE-01) Brometalia rubenti-tectorum (Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1973) Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977 nom. conserv. propos.

Winter-annual ruderal vegetation of summer-dry man-made habitats of the Mediterranean, the mild-winter Atlantic seaboards and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brometalia rubenti-tectorum (Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1973) Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

QC01A (CHE-01A) Alysso granatensis-Brassicion barrelieri Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977

Spring pioneer vegetation in man-made habitats on nutrient-poor soils of the Spanish Meseta Central

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alysso granatensis-Brassicion barrelieri Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977

Synonyms

QC01B (CHE-01B) Resedo lanceolatae-Moricandion Fernández Casas et M.E. Sánchez 1972

Annual nitrophilous and subnitrophilous vegetation of (semi)arid regions of the Southern Iberian Peninsula and Canary Islands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Resedo lanceolatae-Moricandion Fernández Casas et M.E. Sánchez 1972

Synonyms

QC01C (CHE-01C) Cerintho majoris-Fedion cornucopiae Rivas-Mart. et Izco ex Peinado et al. 1986

Weed segetal vegetation on lime-rich clays in man-made habitats in the thermomediterranean belt of the Southern Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cerintho majoris-Fedion cornucopiae Rivas-Mart. et Izco ex Peinado et al. 1986

Synonyms

QC01D (CHE-01D) Echio-Galactition tomentosae O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1969

Mediterranean tall-herb ruderal vegetation on calcareous nutrient-rich disturbed man-made soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Echio-Galactition tomentosae O. de Bolòs et Molinier 1969

Synonyms

QC01E (CHE-01E) Fedio-Convolvulion cupaniani S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986

Weed segetal vegetation of vineyards, abandoned fields and roadsides in the thermo- and mesomediterranean belts of Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fedio-Convolvulion cupaniani S. Brullo et Spampinato 1986

Synonyms

QC01F (CHE-01F) Hordeion murini Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Mediterranean ruderal winter-annual grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hordeion murini Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Synonyms

QC01G (CHE-01G) Bromo-Hirschfeldion incanae Lohmeyer 1975

Macaronesian ruderal winter-annual grasslands

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bromo-Hirschfeldion incanae Lohmeyer 1975

Synonyms

QC01H (CHE-01H) Laguro ovati-Bromion rigidi Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1985

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on disturbed coastal sand dunes of the Atlantic coast of France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Laguro ovati-Bromion rigidi Géhu et Géhu-Franck 1985

Synonyms

QC01I (CHE-01I) Linario polygalifoliae-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on disturbed coastal dunes of the submediterranean Cantabro-Atlantic Iberian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linario polygalifoliae-Vulpion alopecuri Br.-Bl., Rozeira et Silva in Br.-Bl. et al. 1972

Synonyms

QC01J (CHE-01J) Taeniathero-Aegilopion geniculatae Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977

Therophytic grasslands in abandoned overgrazed habitats of the Spanish Meseta Central

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Taeniathero-Aegilopion geniculatae Rivas-Mart. et Izco 1977

Synonyms

QC01K (CHE-01K) Laguro ovati-Vulpion fasciculatae Géhu et Biondi 1994

Ephemeral therophytic vegetation on disturbed coastal dunes of the Ligurian-Tyrrhenian seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Laguro ovati-Vulpion fasciculatae Géhu et Biondi 1994

Synonyms

QC01L (CHE-01L) Securigero securidacae-Dasypyrion villosi Cano-Ortiz, Biondi et Cano in Cano-Ortiz et al. ex Di Pietro in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Therophytic anthropogenic grasslands in fallow-land habitats of the central regions of the Apennine Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Securigero securidacae-Dasypyrion villosi Cano-Ortiz, Biondi et Cano in Cano-Ortiz et al. ex Di Pietro in Di Pietro et al. 2015

Synonyms

QC02 (CHE-02) Chenopodietalia Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Winter-annual ruderal herb-rich vegetation on nutrient-rich disturbed soils of the Mediterranean and the Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenopodietalia Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Synonyms

QC02A (CHE-02A) Chenopodion muralis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Mediterranean nutrient-demanding ruderal vegetation dominated by low-grown non-succulent herbs

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenopodion muralis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Synonyms

QC03 (CHE-03) Geranio purpureae-Cardaminetalia hirsutae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Winter-annual fringe vegetation in shaded mesic habitats of the Mediterranean, winter-mild temperate (sub)atlantic and submediterranean regions of temperate Europe and the Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranio purpureae-Cardaminetalia hirsutae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

Remark

che06 | This syntaxonomic concept is recognised as a class in its own right by several Western European surveys (Rivas-Martínez et al. 2002; de Foucault 2009a). It is a unit of transitional character, mediating between the therophytic grasslands of the winter-mild regions (the Mediterranean and its fringes) and open forests of those regions. Indeed, most of the species co-occurring in these communities come from these two species pools and only very few actually characterise this syntaxon exclusively. It may well be that these communities might have been one of natural sources of the species-rich annual (sub) mediterranean flora occupying ruderal and otherwise disturbed habitats today. (L. Mucina).

QC03A (CHE-03A) Geranio-Torilidion Lohmeyer et Trautmann 1970

Mesic nitrophilous winter-annual fringe vegetation of the Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranio-Torilidion Lohmeyer et Trautmann 1970

Synonyms

QC03B (CHE-03B) Geranio pusilli-Anthriscion caucalidis Rivas-Mart. 1978

Mesic nitrophilous winter-annual fringe vegetation of the Atlantic seaboards of Northern Spain and France

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geranio pusilli-Anthriscion caucalidis Rivas-Mart. 1978

Synonyms

QC03C (CHE-03C) Allion triquetri O. de Bolòs 1967

Mesic nitrophilous geophyte-rich fringe vegetation of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Allion triquetri O. de Bolòs 1967

Synonyms

QC03D (CHE-03D) Parietarion lusitanico-mauritanicae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Mesic shade-loving nitrophilous annual plant communities in the thermo- and mesomediterranean belts of the Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parietarion lusitanico-mauritanicae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

Synonyms

QC03E (CHE-03E) Valantio muralis-Galion muralis S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Mesic subnitrophilous winter-annual fringe and wall vegetation of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Valantio muralis-Galion muralis S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

Remark

che07 | Rivas-Martínez et al. (2002b) considered this unit synonymous with the Geranio pusilli-Anthriscion caucalidis Rivas-Mart. 1978. (L. Mucina).

QC03F (CHE-03F) Veronico-Urticion urentis S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Mesic subnitrophilous sciophilous weed vegetation of fertilised and irrigated citrus groves on alluvial soils of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Veronico-Urticion urentis S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

Remark

che08 | Brullo et al. (2007) classified the Veronico-Urticion urentis within the Urtico-Scrophularietalia. (L. Mucina).

QC03G (CHE-03G) Cardaminion graecae Biondi, Pinzi et Gubellini in Biondi et al. 2013

Mesic nitrophilous winter-annual fringe vegetation of the Apennines

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cardaminion graecae Biondi, Pinzi et Gubellini in Biondi et al. 2013

Synonyms

QC03H (CHE-03H) Euphorbio taurinensis-Geranion lucidi Matevski et Čarni in Mucina et al. 2009

Mesic nitrophilous winter-annual fringe vegetation of the submediterranean regions of the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbio taurinensis-Geranion lucidi Matevski et Čarni in Mucina et al. 2009

Synonyms

Remark

che09 | For details of the nomenclature of this name see Mucina et al. (2009). (L. Mucina).

QD (DIG) Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris Mucina, Lososová et Šilc in Mucina et al. 2016

Thermophilous grass-rich anthropogenic vegetation rich in summer-annual C4 species in the southern nemoral, mediterranean, steppe and semi-desert zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris Mucina, Lososová et Šilc in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

dig01 | This class is a novel syntaxonomic concept reflecting the special ecology of synanthropic communities dominated by C4 plants. These are not very common in Europe (Pyankov et al. 2010) and occur here prevalently in the Southern Europe experiencing prolonged periods of summer drought and high temperature (the Mediterranean) or, when in nemoral zone, then on substrates that drain and desiccate quickly. It is not surprising that major floristic components (e.g. some Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae, especially subfamilies Panicoideae and Chloridoideae) are presumed to have originated in subtropical regions and today occur prevalently there and in the warm-temperate regions. Full description of the class and syntaxonomic comparisons to other ruderal and segetal vegetation will be published elsewhere. Here within, we describe the new class in a formal way and designate the Eragrostietalia J. Tx. ex Poli 1966 (Poli 1966: 60−74) as the holotypus hoc loco of the class and list the following species as diagnostic of the new class: Amaranthus albus, A. blitoides, A. blitum, A. crispus, A. deflexus, A. graecizans, A. viridis, Bassia scoparia, Corispermum canescens, C. leptopterum, Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria ischaemum, D. sanguinalis, Diplotaxis muralis, D. tenuifolia, Dysphania ambrosioides, D. botrys, D. multifida, Echinochloa colonum, E. crus-gallii, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis barrelieri, E. minor, Erigeron bonariensis, Euphorbia chamaesyce, E. humifusa, E. maculata, E. prostrata, Heliotropium europaeum, Lepidium densiflorum and others. (L. Mucina).

QD01 (DIG-01) Eragrostietalia J. Tx. ex Poli 1966

Thermophilous grass-rich anthropogenous vegetation rich in C4 species on summer-dry sandy soils of Southern and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eragrostietalia J. Tx. ex Poli 1966

Synonyms

QD01A (DIG-01A) Spergulo arvensis-Erodion cicutariae J.Tx. in Passarge 1964

Subthermophilous summer-annual weed vegetation on sandy and sandy-loamy soils of the atlantic to subcontinental regions in the nemoral zone of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Spergulo arvensis-Erodion cicutariae J.Tx. in Passarge 1964

Synonyms

QD01B (DIG-01B) Eragrostion Tx. in Oberd. 1954

Thermophilous late-summer weed vegetation on sandy soils of southeastern Central Europe and the Balkan Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eragrostion Tx. in Oberd. 1954

Synonyms

QD01C (DIG-01C) Consolido-Eragrostion pooidis Soó et Timár in Timár 1957

Thermophilous late-summer weed vegetation on heavy soils of the Pannonian Basin

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Consolido-Eragrostion pooidis Soó et Timár in Timár 1957

Synonyms

QD01D (DIG-01D) Diplotaxion erucoidis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Weed vegetation on neutral to basic soils in the thermo- and mesomediterrannean belts of the Central and Western Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diplotaxidion erucoidis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Synonyms

QD01E (DIG-01E) Chenopodion botryos S. Brullo et Marcenò 1980

Weed vegetation on sandy acidic and nutrient-poor soils in the thermo- and mesomediterrannean belts of Sicily

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenopodion botryos S. Brullo et Marcenò 1980

Synonyms

QD01F (DIG-01F) Salsolion ruthenicae Philippi ex Oberd. 1983

Ruderal vegetation on disturbed gravelly and sandy soils of the subcontinental regions of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Salsolion ruthenicae Philippi ex Oberd. 1983

Synonyms

QD01G (DIG-01G) Tamarici ramosissimae-Salsolion australis Golub 1994

Ruderal vegetation on disturbed sand dunes of the Northern Caspian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tamarici ramosissimae-Salsolion australis Golub 1994

Synonyms

Remark

dig04 | Golub & Savchenko (1986) and Golub (1994) classified this unit within the desert vegetation (Artemisietea lerchianae). However, as also shown by the synoptic table of Golub & Savchenko (1986: Tab. I), the 'Salsoletum australis' (the representative association of the alliance) shows very little in common with the Artemisietea lerchianae. (L. Mucina).

QD02 (DIG-02) Euphorbietalia prostratae Vicedo et al. 1997

Summer-dry trampled vegetation on sandy soils in the southern nemoral and mediterranean zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbietalia prostratae Vicedo et al. 1997

Synonyms

QD02A (DIG-02A) Euphorbion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976

Summer-dry vegetation on trampled sandy soils of the Iberian Peninsula, the Balearic Islands and the Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euphorbion prostratae Rivas-Mart. 1976

Synonyms

QD02B (DIG-02B) Polycarpo-Eleusinion indicae Čarni et Mucina 1998

Summer-dry vegetation of sandy trampled habitats of Northern Italy and the Illyrian region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polycarpo-Eleusinion indicae Čarni et Mucina 1998

Synonyms

QD02C (DIG-02C) Eragrostio-Polygonion arenastri Couderc et Izco ex Čarni et Mucina 1998

Summer-dry trampled vegetation on sandy soils of Western and Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eragrostio-Polygonion arenastri Couderc et Izco ex Čarni et Mucina 1998

Synonyms

QE (POL) Polygono-Poetea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975

Subcosmopolitan therophyte-rich dwarf-herb vegetation of trampled habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygono-Poetea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

Remark

pol01 | Theurillat et al. (1995) suggested classifying the contents of this syntaxon as a subclass within the Stellarietea mediae. (L. Mucina).

QE01 (POL-01) Polygono arenastri-Poetalia annuae Tx. in Géhu et al. 1972 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Subcosmopolitan therophyte-rich dwarf-herb vegetation of trampled habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygono arenastri-Poetalia annuae Tx. in Géhu et al. 1972 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Synonyms

Remark

pol02 | In order to give this unit an ecological and floristic meaning distinct from other classes, the Eragrostio-Polygonion arenastri, Euphorbion prostratae and Polycarpo-Eleusinion indicae, should be placed here. (J. Dengler) This step would go against the 'ecological and floristic meaning' of the Polygono arenastri-Poetalia annuae, but especially against the logic underpinning the drivers of vegetation patterns dominated by C4 plants (Čarni & Mucina 1998). (L. Mucina).

QE01A (POL-01A) Polygono-Coronopodion Sissingh 1969

Herb-rich vegetation in trampled habitats in the temperate to boreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygono-Coronopodion Sissingh 1969

Synonyms

QE01B (POL-01B) Polycarpion tetraphylli Rivas-Mart. 1975

Herb-rich vegetation in trampled sunny habitats of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polycarpion tetraphylli Rivas-Mart. 1975

Synonyms

QE01C (POL-01C) Saginion procumbentis Tx. et Ohba in Géhu et al. 1972

Herb-rich vegetation in strongly trampled shady habitats of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Saginion procumbentis Tx. et Ohba in Géhu et al. 1972

Synonyms

QF (ART) Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer et al. in Tx. ex von Rochow 1951

Perennial (sub)xerophilous ruderal vegetation of the temperate and submediterranean regions of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer et al. in Tx. ex von Rochow 1951

Synonyms

Remark

art01 | The Artemisietea vulgaris unites ruderal plant communities composed of short-lived perennial and hapaxanthic pauciennial species (with considerable admixture of seasonally appearing winter or summer annuals). These communities (especially the Onopordetalia acanthii) occur in broad geographic (macroclimatic) ecotones between the nemoral (forest deciduous) forest-steppe (e.g. in the Pannonian Basin), dry steppic enclaves of the Western and Central Europe (here associated with particularly dry soils). Within the forest-steppe and steppe zones they are also associated with dry and disturbed nutrient-rich soils, usually in places enjoying high insolation and local warm microclimate ('Polygono-Artemisietea austriacae'). The communities of this class are a common sight in the submediterranean regions (with a pronounced summer-dry period) while in the Mediterranean proper these communities occur at higher elevation (Carthametalia lanati), associated with intensively used (disturbed) grasslands. We classify also the semi-ruderal (heavily disturbed) ruderal grasslands (Agropyretalia intermedio-repentis and Piptathero milliacei-Dittrichietalia viscosi) within the Artemisietea vulgaris rather than recognised as within a class in its own right. (L. Mucina).

QF01 (ART-01) Onopordetalia acanthii Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Subxeric ruderal vegetation dominated by short-lived perennials of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onopordetalia acanthii Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

QF01A (ART-01A) Onopordion acanthii Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Thistle-dominated xero-mesophytic ruderal vegetation of subcontinental Central Europe and the Northern Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onopordion acanthii Br.-Bl. et al. 1936

Synonyms

QF01B (ART-01B) Dauco-Melilotion Görs ex Rostański et Gutte 1971

Xero-mesophytic ruderal vegetation dominated by biennial plants of temperate and subboreal Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dauco-Melilotion Görs ex Rostański et Gutte 1971

Synonyms

QF01C (ART-01C) Cirsion richterano-chodati (Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Cantabro-Pyrenean thistle-dominated high-altitude ruderal vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cirsion richterano-chodati (Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. et al. 1984) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1991

Synonyms

QF01D (ART-01D) Carduo carpetani-Cirsion odontolepidis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986

Central Iberian thistle-dominated high-altitude ruderal vegetation

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carduo carpetani-Cirsion odontolepidis Rivas-Mart. et al. 1986

Synonyms

QF01E (ART-01E) Medicagini falcatae-Diplotaxion tenuifoliae Levon 1997

Crimean submediterranean xero-mesophytic ruderal vegetation in sunny habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Medicagini falcatae-Diplotaxidion tenuifoliae Levon 1997

Synonyms

QF02 (ART-02) Polygono-Artemisietalia austriacae Sakhapov et Solomeshch in A. Ishbirdin et al. 1988

Sub-anthropogenic heavily-grazed disturbed grasslands and herblands in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polygono-Artemisietalia austriacae Sakhapov et Solomeshch in A. Ishbirdin et al. 1988

Synonyms

Remark

art02 | This vegetation comprises semi-anthropogenic (semi-ruderal) herb-rich grassland communities derived through processes of overuse (uncontrolled grazing and trampling, leading to disturbance of soil surface) of the steppe communities of the Festuco-Brometea. Mirkin et al. (1986) ineffectively and Ishbirdin et al. (1988) effectively described the Polygono avicularis-Artemisietalia austriacae from Bashkortostan. This syntaxonomic concept is supposed to apply to similar vegetation in other regions of the steppe zone of southeastern Ukraine, Southern Russia and Northern Kazakhstan. (L. Mucina).

QF02A (ART-02A) Bassio-Artemision austriacae Solomeshch in A. Ishbirdin et al. 1988

Sub-anthropogenic heavily-grazed disturbed grasslands and herblands in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bassio-Artemision austriacae Solomeshch in A. Ishbirdin et al. 1988

Synonyms

QF03 (ART-03) Agropyretalia intermedio-repentis T. Müller et Görs 1969

Semiruderal grasslands and herblands and weed segetal vegetation of perennial crops in the nemoral, forest-steppe and subboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agropyretalia intermedio-repentis T. Müller et Görs 1969

Synonyms

Remark

art03 | Some national and regional vegetation surveys use this order as a basis for a class in its own right − the Agropyretea repentis or the Agropyretea intermedii-repentis (e.g. Korotkov et al. 1991; Solomakha 1995; Theurillat et al. 1995). Bardat et al. (2004) classify this order in the Agropyretea pungentis (syn. of the Juncetea maritimi). (L. Mucina).

QF03A (ART-03A) Convolvulo arvensis-Agropyrion repentis Görs 1967

Semiruderal grasslands and herblands in the nemoral and subboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Convolvulo arvensis-Agropyrion repentis Görs 1967

Synonyms

QF03B (ART-03B) Artemisio absinthii-Agropyrion intermedii T. Müller et Görs 1969

Semiruderal steppic grasslands of dry continental valleys of the Alps

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio absinthii-Agropyrion intermedii T. Müller et Görs 1969

Synonyms

QF03C (ART-03C) Artemisio marschallianae-Elytrigion intermedii Korotchenko et Didukh 1997

Semiruderal secondary calcicolous steppic grasslands on steep slopes in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine and southeastern Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Artemisio marschallianae-Elytrigion intermedii Korotchenko et Didukh 1997

Synonyms

QF03D (ART-03D) Rorippo austriacae-Falcarion vulgaris Levon 1997

Semiruderal meso-xerophytic steppic vegetation of Crimea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rorippo austriacae-Falcarion vulgaris Levon 1997

Synonyms

QF03E (ART-03E) Trifolio-Medicaginion sativae Balázs 1944

Perennial weed vegetation of perennial animal fodder crops on nutrient-rich soils in the nemoral zone of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Trifolio-Medicaginion sativae Balázs 1944

Synonyms

QF03F (ART-03F) Achilleion millefolii Abramova et Rudakov in Mirkin et al. 1985

Perennial weed vegetation of perennial crops of the steppe and forest-steppe zones of European Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Achilleion millefolii Abramova et Rudakov in Mirkin et al. 1985

Synonyms

QF04 (ART-04) Carthametalia lanati S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Thistle-dominated ruderal vegetation on disturbed calcareous substrates of the submediterranean regions of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Carthametalia lanati S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

QF04A (ART-04A) Silybo mariani-Urticion piluliferae Sissingh ex Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Thistle-dominated ruderal vegetation of the Central Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Silybo mariani-Urticion piluliferae Sissingh ex Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

Synonyms

QF04B (ART-04B) Onopordion castellani Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001

Thistle-dominated ruderal vegetation of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onopordion castellani Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958 corr. Rivas-Mart. et al. 2001

Synonyms

QF04C (ART-04C) Onopordion illyrici Oberd. 1954

Thistle-dominated ruderal vegetation of the submediterranean regions of the Balkans

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Onopordion illyrici Oberd. 1954

Synonyms

QF04D (ART-04D) Scolymion hispanici Morariu 1967

Thistle-dominated ruderal vegetation of the Black Sea seaboards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scolymion hispanici Morariu 1967

Synonyms

QF05 (ART-05) Elytrigio repentis-Dittrichietalia viscosae Mucina ined.

Anthropogenic sub-ruderal and ruderal grasslands and herblands of submediterranean and mediterranean Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Elytrigio repentis-Dittrichietalia viscosae Mucina ined.

Synonyms

Remark

art09 | The formal description of this unit will be presented elsewhere. (L. Mucina).

QF05A (ART-05A) Inulo viscosae-Agropyrion repentis Biondi et Allegrezza 1996

Anthropogenic sub-ruderal and ruderal grasslands and herblands of the submediterranean regions of the Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Inulo viscosae-Agropyrion repentis Biondi et Allegrezza 1996

Synonyms

QF05B (ART-05B) Arundion collinae S. Brullo, Giusso, Guarino et Sciandello in S. Brullo et al. 2010

Thermomediterranean sub-ruderal perennial terrestrial reed on wet clayey soils of the Southern Apennine Peninsula, Sicily, Hellas and Crete

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arundion collinae S. Brullo, Giusso, Guarino et Sciandello in S. Brullo et al. 2010

Synonyms

QF05C (ART-05C) Bromo-Oryzopsion miliaceae O. de Bolòs 1970

Thermomediterranean sub-ruderal perennial grasslands on disturbed road verges of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bromo-Oryzopsion miliaceae O. de Bolòs 1970

Synonyms

Remark

art11 | The position of this alliance is contentious. Rivas-Martínez et al. (1999) placed this alliance in the Agropyretalia repentis and only three years later Rivas-Martínez (2002b: 474) re-classified this unit within the Carthametalia lanati. Biondi et al. (2001) gave preference to the Brachypodio ramosi-Dactylidetalia (syn. of the Thero-Brachypodietalia in our system). In any case, these conflicting opinions have been obviously motivated by the transitional character of the unit that straddles the border between pseudosteppes and ruderal grass-rich vegetation. (L. Mucina).

QF05D (ART-05D) Hyperico perforati-Ferulion communis Vicente Orellana et Galán de Mera 2008

Tall-herb ruderal communities of managed disturbed habitats in the meso- to supramediterranean belts of the Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyperico perforati-Ferulion communis Vicente Orellana et Galán de Mera 2008

Synonyms

Remark

art13 | Vicente Orellana & Galán de Mera (2008) placed this alliance within the Agropyretalia. (L. Mucina).

QG (EPI) Epilobietea angustifolii Tx. et Preising ex von Rochow 1951

Tall-herb semi-natural perennial vegetation on disturbed forest edges, nutrient-rich riparian fringes an in forest clearings in the temperate and boreal zones of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epilobietea angustifolii Tx. et Preising ex von Rochow 1951

Synonyms

Remark

epi01 | Dengler et al. (2007) included the contents of the Epilobietea angustifolii (as a subclass − the Senecioni sylvatici-Epilobienea angustifolii) into a broadly conceived Artemisietea vulgaris, but excluded the communities of wet sites (Convolvuletalia sepium). (L. Mucina).

QG01 (EPI-01) Galeopsio-Senecionetalia sylvatici Passarge 1981 nom. conserv. propos.

Tall-herb perennial semi-natural vegetation on acidic soils on forest margins and clearings of the Eurosiberian Region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galeopsio-Senecionetalia sylvatici Passarge 1981 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

epi04 | In case the Atropetalia Tx. 1947 would be rejected as a nomen ambiguum (see Dengler et al. 2007: 120), this name should become conserved in order to stabilise the nomenclature. (L. Mucina).

QG01A (EPI-01A) Epilobion angustifolii Oberd. 1957

Tall-herb perennial semi-natural vegetation on acidic soils of forest margins and in forest clearings in the boreal and nemoral zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Epilobion angustifolii Oberd. 1957

Synonyms

Remark

epi06 | Dengler et al. (2007: 120) preferred this name to be the valid designation of this syntaxon in case of the rejection of Atropion Tx. 1947 as a nomen ambiguum. (L. Mucina).

QG01B (EPI-01B) Linarion niveae Rivas-Mart. 1964

Tall-herb perennial subspontaneous vegetation on acidic soils of forest margins and clearings of the submediterranean Iberian Peninsula

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Linarion niveae Rivas-Mart. 1964

Synonyms

QG02 (EPI-02) Circaeo lutetianae-Stachyetalia sylvaticae Passarge 1967 nom. conserv. propos.

Ruderal and semi-natural fringe mesic tall-herb vegetation of tall-herbs on nutrient- and base-rich soils of cool-temperate and submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Circaeo lutetianae-Stachyetalia sylvaticae Passarge 1967 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

epi08 | See the proposal to this effect by Dengler et al. (2007: 122). (L. Mucina).

QG02A (EPI-02A) Fragarion vescae Tx. ex von Rochow 1951 nom. conserv. propos.

Semi-ruderal herb-rich clearing vegetation on nutrient-rich calcareous soils in the nemoral zone of Central and Western Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fragarion vescae Tx. ex von Rochow 1951 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

epi12 | We propose to conserve this name that would replace the Atropion bellae-donnae Aichinger 1933 after the latter is considered a nomen ambiguum. (L. Mucina).

QG02B (EPI-02B) Impatienti noli-tangere-Stachyion sylvaticae Görs ex Mucina 1993

Semi-ruderal tall-herb vegetation of shaded mesic forest margins and clearings on loamy soils in the colline and submontane belts of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Impatienti noli-tangere-Stachyion sylvaticae Görs ex Mucina 1993

Synonyms

QG02C (EPI-02C) Aegopodion podagrariae Tx. 1967 nom. conserv. propos.

Semi-ruderal herb-rich clearing vegetation on mesic margins and clearings of forests and scrub in the temperate and subboreal zones of Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aegopodion podagrariae Tx. 1967 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

epi15 | The conservation of this name was suggested in Catteau et al. (2010). (L. Mucina).

QG03 (EPI-03) Arctio lappae-Artemisietalia vulgaris Dengler 2002

Ruderal vegetation dominated by short-lived perennials on mesic loamy soils of the low-altitude cool-temperate Central Europe and at high-altitudes of submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arctio lappae-Artemisietalia vulgaris Dengler 2002

Synonyms

QG03A (EPI-03A) Arction lappae Tx. 1937

Ruderal vegetation of short-lived perennials on mesic loamy soils of cool-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arction lappae Tx. 1937

Synonyms

Remark

epi17 | This alliance has a transitional position between the Artemisietea and Epilobietalia angustifolii and therefore an alternative classification within the Artemisietea is also possible. (M. Chytrý, L. Mucina).

QG03B (EPI-03B) Balloto-Conion maculati S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Tall-herb perennial ruderal vegetation in mesic habitats in the submontane and montane belts of submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Balloto-Conion maculati S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

QG04 (EPI-04) Galio-Alliarietalia Oberd. in Görs et T. Müller 1969

Ruderal and semi-natural thermophilous fringe vegetation of short-lived herbs on nutrient-rich soils in the submontane and montane belts of submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Galio-Alliarietalia Oberd. in Görs et T. Müller 1969

Synonyms

QG04A (EPI-04A) Geo urbani-Alliarion officinalis Lohmeyer et Oberd. in Görs et T. Müller 1969

Ruderal and semi-natural fringe thermophilous vegetation of short-lived low herbs on nutrient-rich soils of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Geo urbani-Alliarion officinalis Lohmeyer et Oberd. in Görs et T. Müller 1969

Synonyms

QG04B (EPI-04B) Anthriscion nemorosae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Ruderal and semi-natural thermophilous fringe vegetation of short-lived herbs on nutrient-rich soils in the submontane and montane belts of submediterranean Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Anthriscion nemorosae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et Marcenò 1985

Synonyms

QG05 (EPI-05) Convolvuletalia sepium Tx. ex Moor 1958

Semi-natural fringe vegetation on banks of rivers and other water bodies of temperate Europe and the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Convolvuletalia sepium Tx. ex Moor 1958

Synonyms

QG05A (EPI-05A) Senecionion fluviatilis Tx. ex Moor 1958

Tall-herb fringe vegetation on nutrient-rich river banks and in ditches of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Senecionion fluviatilis Tx. ex Moor 1958

Synonyms

QG05B (EPI-05B) Archangelicion litoralis Scamoni et Passarge 1963

Tall-herb fringe vegetation on river banks of Central and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Archangelicion litoralis Scamoni et Passarge 1963

Synonyms

QG05C (EPI-05C) Nardosmion laevigatae Klotz et Köck 1986

Tall-herb fringe vegetation on nutrient-rich river banks of mountain rivers and streams of the Southern Urals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nardosmion laevigatae Klotz et Köck 1986

Synonyms

QG05D (EPI-05D) Cynancho-Convolvulion sepium Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. 1977

Western Mediterranean tall-herb vegetation in nutrient-rich riparian habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cynancho-Convolvulion sepium Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. ex Rivas-Mart. 1977

Synonyms

QG05E (EPI-05E) Dorycnio recti-Rumicion conglomerati Gradstein et Smittenberg 1977

Central and Eastern Mediterranean tall-herb vegetation in nutrient-rich riparian habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dorycnio recti-Rumicion conglomerati Gradstein et Smittenberg 1977

Synonyms

QG05F (EPI-05F) Ipomoeo acuminatae-Ageratinion adenophorae Espírito-Santo et al. 2004

Canarian-Madeirean tall-herb riparian vegetation rich in neophytes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ipomoeo acuminatae-Ageratinion adenophorae Espírito-Santo et al. 2004

Synonyms

QH (ARC) Matricario-Poetea arcticae A. Ishbirdin in Sumina 2012

Anthropogenic vegetation in human-disturbed habitats in the subarctic and Arctic zones of Russia, Siberia and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Matricario-Poetea arcticae A. Ishbirdin in Sumina 2012

Synonyms

QH01 (ARC-01) Chamerio-Betuletalia nanae Khusainov et al. in Sumina 2012

Anthropogenic vegetation in human-disturbed habitats in the subarctic and Arctic zones of Russia, Siberia and North America

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chamerio-Betuletalia nanae Khusainov et al. in Sumina 2012

Synonyms

QH01A (ARC-01A) Chamerio angustifolii-Matricarion hookeri A. Ishbirdin et al. 1996

Anthropogenic vegetation on disturbed soils characterised by cryoturbation and solifluction of Arctic Northern Russia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chamerio angustifolii-Matricarion hookeri A. Ishbirdin et al. 1996

Synonyms

QI (BID) Bidentetea Tx. et al. ex von Rochow 1951

Summer-annual pioneer vegetation of seasonally flooded nutrient-rich river alluvia, lacustrine banks and heavily nutrient-loaded anthropogenic habitats of boreo-temperate Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bidentetea Tx. et al. ex von Rochow 1951

Synonyms

QI01 (BID-01) Bidentetalia Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Summer-annual pioneer vegetation of seasonally flooded nutrient-rich river alluvia, lacustrine banks and heavily nutrient-loaded anthropogenic habitats of boreo-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bidentetalia Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

QI01A (BID-01A) Bidention tripartitae Nordhagen ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Summer-annual pioneer vegetation of periodically nutrient-rich river banks and drained muddy bottoms of eutrophic lakes of boreo-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bidention tripartitae Nordhagen ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

QI01B (BID-01B) Chenopodion rubri (Tx. in Poli et J. Tx. 1960) Hilbig et Jage 1972

Summer-annual pioneer vegetation in heavily nutrient-loaded and saline ruderal habitats of temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chenopodion rubri (Tx. in Poli et J. Tx. 1960) Hilbig et Jage 1972

Synonyms

QI02 (BID-02) Paspalo-Heleochloetalia Br.-Bl. ex Rivas Goday 1956

Summer-annual pioneer vegetation of periodically flooded subsaline nutrient-rich river alluvia of the mediterranean regions of Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paspalo-Heleochloetalia Br.-Bl. ex Rivas Goday 1956

Synonyms

QI02A (BID-02A) Paspalo-Agrostion semiverticillati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Summer-annual pioneer vegetation of periodically flooded subsaline nutrient-rich river alluvia of the mediterranean regions of Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paspalo-Agrostion semiverticillati Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

Synonyms

QJ (ORY) Oryzetea sativae Miyawaki 1960

Weed vegetation of the rice fields of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oryzetea sativae Miyawaki 1960

Synonyms

QJ01 (ORY-01) Cypero difformis-Echinochloetalia oryzoidis O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Weed vegetation of the rice fields of Eurasia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cypero difformis-Echinochloetalia oryzoidis O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Synonyms

QJ01A (ORY-01A) Oryzo sativae-Echinochloion oryzoidis O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Weed vegetation of the rice fields of the warm-temperate and cool-temperate Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oryzo sativae-Echinochloion oryzoidis O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

Synonyms

RA (FUN) Funarietea hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957

Hemerophilous bryophyte vegetation on burned sites, bones and animal droppings

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Funarietea hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

Remark

fun01 | Marstaller (2006) distinguished the Splachnetea lutei as a class in its own right and placed the Funarietalia hygrometricae in the Psoretea decipientis. (H. Bültmann).

RA01 (FUN-01) Splachnetalia lutei Hadač et Klika ex von Hübschmann 1957

Hemerophilous bryophyte vegetation on bones and animal droppings of the alpine and arctic regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Splachnetalia lutei Hadač et Klika ex von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

RA01A (FUN-01A) Splachnion lutei Hadač et Klika ex von Hübschmann 1957

Hemerophilous bryophyte vegetation on bones and animal droppings of the alpine and arctic regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Splachnion lutei Hadač et Klika ex von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

Remark

fun02 | Splachnum luteum is included in the original diagnosis of von Hübschmann (1957) by citing the Splachnetum of von Krusenstjerna (1945), which is described with an equivalent of a simple table in the text containing the name-giving taxon Splachnum luteum. (H. Bültmann).

RA02 (FUN-02) Funarietalia hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957

Hemerophilous bryophyte vegetation on the soil surface of burned sites and fire places

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Funarietalia hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

RA02A (FUN-02A) Funarion hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957

Hemerophilous bryophyte vegetation on the soil surface of burned sites and fire places

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Funarion hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

RB (CER) Ceratodonto purpurei-Polytrichetea piliferi Mohan 1978

Bryophyte and lichen vegetation on dry acid to subneutral, silty-sandy and gravelly soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ceratodonto purpurei-Polytrichetea piliferi Mohan 1978

Synonyms

RB01 (CER-01) Polytrichetalia piliferi von Hübschmann 1975

Bryophyte vegetation on dry, acid to subneutral, silty-sandy and gravelly soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polytrichetalia piliferi von Hübschmann 1975

Synonyms

RB01A (CER-01A) Polytrichion piliferi Šmarda 1947

Bryophyte vegetation on dry acid sandy dunes in the nemoral and boreal zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Polytrichion piliferi Šmarda 1947

Synonyms

Remark

cer01 | Because the only association (Polytrichetum piliferi) of the alliance is an illegitimate homonym Marstaller (1993) rejected erroneously the name Polytrichion piliferi Šmarda 1947 also as an illegitimate name (ICPN art. 17). On the other hand, although Šmarda (1947) ranked his units as 'sociations' he nevertheless considered them at the same time as associations, as it is explicitly indicated in the English summary (p. 87). Therefore, the name Polytrichion piliferi Šmarda 1947 is validly published. (H. Bültmann).

RB01B (CER-01B) Campylopodion polytrichoidis Giacomini 1951

Bryophyte vegetation on dry, acid to subneutral, silty-sandy and gravelly soils of (sub)mediterranean distribution

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campylopodion polytrichoidis Giacomini 1951

Synonyms

RB02 (CER-02) Peltigeretalia Klement 1949

Lichen vegetation on dry, acid to subneutral, silty-sandy and gravelly soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peltigeretalia Klement 1949

Synonyms

RB02A (CER-02A) Baeomycetion rufi Klement 1952

Pioneer lichen crust on dry, acid to subneutral, silty-sandy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Baeomycetion rufi Klement 1952

Synonyms

Remark

cer02 | The form ‘Baeomycion‘ is established for alliances named after Baeomyces species, but it has to be corrected to Baeomycetion (Weber et al. 2000). (H. Bültmann).

RB02B (CER-02B) Cladonion arbusculae Klement 1949 corr. Bültmann in Mucina et al. 2016

Macrolichen vegetation on nutrient-poor, dry, acid to subneutral, silty-sandy and gravelly soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladonion arbusculae Klement 1949 corr. Bültmann in Mucina et al. 2016

Synonyms

Remark

cer03 | Ahti (1961) and Santesson (1966) showed that the name Cladonia sylvatica (L.) Hoffm. was wrongly employed in the identification literature for the species Cladonia arbuscula (Wallr.) Flot. The name Cladonia sylvatica (L.) Hoffm. cannot be interpreted as different from C. rangiferina (L.) G.H. Web. and is now ruled as suppressed (International Code of Botanical Nomenclature art. 56, Appendix VI). Thus the name Cladonion sylvaticae has to be corrected to Cladonion arbusculae (ICPN art. 43): Cladonion arbusculae Klement 1949 corr. Bültmann nom. corr. hoc loco (original name: Cladonion silvaticae Klement 1949: 12), lectotypus hoc loco: Cladonietum mitis Klement 1947 (Klement 1947: 296–297). (H. Bültmann).

RB02C (CER-02C) Cladonion rei Paus 1997

Macrolichen vegetation on slightly nutrient enriched, dry, acid to subneutral, silty-sandy and gravelly soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladonion rei Paus 1997

Synonyms

RB02D (CER-02D) Cetrarion nivalis Klement 1955

Chionophobous lichen vegetation on acid soil surfaces and on humus over calcareous soils of arctic-alpine distribution

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cetrarion nivalis Klement 1955

Synonyms

RB02E (CER-02E) Solorinion croceae Klement 1955

Chionophilous lichen vegetation of arctic-alpine distribution

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Solorinion croceae Klement 1955

Synonyms

RB02F (CER-02F) Lecanorion verrucosae Kalb 1970

Lichen crusts on plant debris and on bryophyte mats over calcareous substrates in the arctic zone and the alpine belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanorion verrucosae Kalb 1970

Synonyms

RB02G (CER-02G) Ochrolechion tartareae Klement 1955

Lichen crusts on plant debris and on bryophyte mats over non-calcareous substrates in the arctic zone and the alpine belt

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ochrolechion tartareae Klement 1955

Synonyms

RC (PSO) Psoretea decipientis Mattick ex Follmann 1974

Bryophyte and lichen vegetation on subneutral and calcareous soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Psoretea decipientis Mattick ex Follmann 1974

Synonyms

RC01 (PSO-01) Barbuletalia unguiculatae von Hübschmann 1960

Meso-hemerophilous and euhemerophilous pioneer bryophyte vegetation on denuded temporary dry and very dry loamy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Barbuletalia unguiculatae von Hübschmann 1960

Synonyms

RC01A (PSO-01A) Phascion Waldheim 1944 nom. inval. ad interim

Euhemerophilous pioneer bryophyte vegetation on temporary dry and dry loamy soils in the nemoral and boreal zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phascion Waldheim 1944 nom. inval. ad interim

Synonyms

Remark

pso01 | Waldheim (1944: 41) described the alliance 'Phascion' with the subordinate associations 'Pottietum lanceolatae', 'Pottietum truncatae' and 'Aloinetum'. All the relevés of the alliance, made of presence-absence data, are gathered in a single table without the specification which of the relevés belong to which association . Below the association level, Waldheim distinguished sociations that can be related to the relevés, at least partially. According to ICPN art. 7, Waldheim's associations are invalidly published because no quantitative information is given for the relevés. However, this may change with ICPN ed. 4 as a table of relevés with presence-absence data is not different from a synoptic relevé. Therefore, names like Phascion Waldheim 1944 are invalidly published only ad interim. Choosing the Pottietum truncatae Waldheim 1944 as a lectotype of the alliance when the name of this association will be validly published will make the Phascion Waldheim 1944 an homotypic synonym of the name Phascion cuspidatae Waldheim ex von Krusenstjerna 1945 that is presently the validly published name (ICPN art. 7). (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

RC01B (PSO-01B) Grimaldion fragrantis Šmarda et Hadač in Hadač et Šmarda 1944

Pioneer bryophyte vegetation on dry loamy soil in grasslands in the nemoral zone and the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Grimaldion fragrantis Šmarda et Hadač in Hadač et Šmarda 1944

Synonyms

RC01C (PSO-01C) Mannion androgynae Ros et Guerra 1987

Pioneer bryophyte vegetation on subneutral dry soils in Mediterranean garrigues

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mannion androgynae Ros et Guerra 1987

Synonyms

RC01D (PSO-01D) Cephaloziello baumgartneri-Southbyion nigrellae Guerra et Gil 1982

Pioneer bryophyte vegetation on calcareous soils in crevices in sheltered habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cephaloziello baumgartneri-Southbyion nigrellae Guerra et Gil 1982

Synonyms

RC01E (PSO-01E) Tortellion flavovirentis Guerra ex Guerra et Puche 1984

Pioneer bryophyte vegetation on subneutral and dry soils under the influence of sea-borne salt spray

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tortellion flavovirentis Guerra ex Guerra et Puche 1984

Synonyms

RC01F (PSO-01F) Aloino bifrontis-Crossidion crassinervis Ros et Guerra ex Marstaller 2006

Pioneer bryophyte vegetation on dry exposed soil surfaces in arid Mediterranean grasslands and pseudosteppes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aloino bifrontis-Crossidion crassinervis Ros et Guerra ex Marstaller 2006

Synonyms

RC02 (PSO-02) Toninietalia coeruleonigricantis Hadač 1962

Lichen vegetation on subneutral to highly basic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Toninietalia coeruleonigricantis Hadač 1962

Synonyms

RC02A (PSO-02A) Toninion coeruleonigricantis Hadač in Klika 1948

Lichen vegetation on moderately dry, subneutral to highly basic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Toninion coeruleonigricantis Hadač in Klika 1948

Synonyms

RC02B (PSO-02B) Sphaerothallio-Xanthoparmelion vagantis Crespo et Barreno 1978

Lichen vegetation on dry, subneutral to highly basic soils in the semiarid and arid regions of Southern and Eastern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sphaerothallio-Xanthoparmelion vagantis Crespo et Barreno 1978

Synonyms

RC03 (PSO-03) Fulgensietalia desertori Crespo et Barreno 1975

Strongly xerophilous lichen vegetation on subneutral to highly basic soils or in rock fissures of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fulgensietalia desertori Crespo et Barreno 1975

Synonyms

RC03A (PSO-03A) Psorion savicii Crespo et Barreno 1975

Strongly xerophilous lichen vegetation on subneutral to highly basic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Psorion savicii Crespo et Barreno 1975

Synonyms

RC03B (PSO-03B) Protoblastenion testaceae Barreno 1979

Chomophytic communities of squamulose psorid lichens in narrow fissures on calcareous or other base-rich rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Protoblastenion testaceae Barreno 1979

Synonyms

Remark

pso05 | Barreno (1979) classified the chomophytic alliance Protoblastenion testaceae preliminary in the Fulgensietalia desertori, while Roux et al. (2009) considered it as a case of incertae sedis as far as its position in a class or in an order is concerned. (H. Bültmann).

RD (HYL) Hylocomietea splendentis Gillet ex Marstaller 1992

Wefts of large competitive bryophytes on soils in the final stages of bryophyte succession

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hylocomietea splendentis Gillet ex Marstaller 1992

Synonyms

RD01 (HYL-01) Hylocomietalia splendentis Gillet ex Vadam 1990

Communities of large weft-forming competitive bryophytes on soils in the final stages of bryophyte succession

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hylocomietalia splendentis Gillet ex Vadam 1990

Synonyms

RD01A (HYL-01A) Rhytidion rugosi Ştefureac 1941

Communities of large weft-forming pleurocarpous bryophytes on calcareous soils on dry, exposed rocks in grasslands and open forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhytidion rugosi Ştefureac 1941

Synonyms

RD01B (HYL-01B) Pleurozion schreberi von Krusenstjerna 1945

Communities of large weft-forming pleurocarpous bryophytes on nutrient-poor and acid raw humus in grasslands, heath and forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pleurozion schreberi von Krusenstjerna 1945

Synonyms

RD01C (HYL-01C) Rhytidiadelphion squarrosi von Krusenstjerna 1945

Communities of large weft-forming hemerophilous pleurocarpous bryophytes on nutrient-rich soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhytidiadelphion squarrosi von Krusenstjerna 1945

Synonyms

RD01D (HYL-01D) Eurhynchion striati Waldheim 1944

Communities of large weft-forming pleurocarpous bryophytes on nutrient-rich moist soils in shaded forest habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eurhynchion striati Waldheim 1944

Synonyms

RD01E (HYL-01E) Climacion dendroidis Ştefureac 1941

Communities of large weft-forming bryophytes on moist and wet organic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Climacion dendroidis Ştefureac 1941

Synonyms

RD01F (HYL-01F) Fissidention taxifolii Marstaller 2006

Communities of competitive pleurocarpous bryophytes on moderately basic to moderately acidic loamy soils in grasslands and forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fissidention taxifolii Marstaller 2006

Synonyms

Remark

hyl02 | Marstaller (2012) was doubtful about the position of this alliance. (H. Bültmann).

RE (CAM) Campylopodetea vaporarii Brullo et al. 2004

Bryophyte vegetation of the Mediterranean fumaroles

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campylopodetea vaporarii Brullo et al. 2004

Synonyms

RE01 (CAM-01) Campylopodetalia vaporarii Brullo et al. 2004

Bryophyte vegetation of the Mediterranean fumaroles

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campylopodetalia vaporarii Brullo et al. 2004

Synonyms

RE01A (CAM-01A) Campylopodion vaporarii Brullo et al. 2004

Bryophyte vegetation of the Mediterranean fumaroles

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Campylopodion vaporarii Brullo et al. 2004

Synonyms

SA (PLA) Platyhypnidio-Fontinalietea antipyreticae Philippi 1956

Bryophyte vegetation with occasional lichens in running water courses and cascades growing submerged in water and splash zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Platyhypnidio-Fontinalietea antipyreticae Philippi 1956

Synonyms

SA01 (PLA-01) Hygrohypnetalia Krajina 1933

Bryophyte vegetation with occasional lichens in oligotrophic, clear, cool and acidic running waters and cascades in mountainous regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hygrohypnetalia Krajina 1933

Synonyms

Remark

pla01 | Drehwald & Preising (1991) typified the name Hygrohypnetalia Krajina 1933 with the Hygrohypnion dilatati Kraijna ex Plămăda 1974. This choice is illegitimate as the original diagnosis of the order contains the two alliances Hygrohypnion dilatati and Andreaeion nivalis (ICPN art. 19). Marstaller (2006) choose the former alliance and this choice must be followed. (H. Bültmann).

SA01A (PLA-01A) Racomitrion acicularis von Krustenstjerna 1945 nom. inval. ad interim

Temporarily inundated bryophyte vegetation with occasional lichens in oligotrophic, clear, cool and acidic running waters and cascades in mountainous regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Racomitrion acicularis von Krustenstjerna 1945 nom. inval. ad interim

Synonyms

Remark

pla02 | The alliance is described with the two associations Scapanietum undulatae and Brachythecietum plumosi, for which more than three relevés with presence-absence data are given in von Krusenstjerna (1945). A retroactive change of the upcoming new version of the ICPN will allow that as a sufficient diagnosis. (H. Bültmann).

SA01B (PLA-01B) Hygrohypnion dilatati Krajina 1933

Inundated bryophyte vegetation in oligotrophic, clear, cool and acidic streams in mountainous regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hygrohypnion dilatati Krajina 1933

Synonyms

SA02 (PLA-02) Leptodictyetalia riparii Philippi 1956

Bryophyte vegetation in mesotrophic and eutrophic waters of rivulets and rivers at low altitudes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leptodictyetalia riparii Philippi 1956

Synonyms

SA02A (PLA-02A) Platyhypnidion rusciformis Philippi 1956 nom. conserv. propos.

Amphibious bryophyte vegetation in eutrophic waters of rivulets and rivers at low altitudes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Platyhypnidion rusciformis Philippi 1956 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

pla03 | The retroactive change to be introduced in the upcoming new version of the ICPN will have the consequence, that the Rhynchostegion riparioidis von Krusenstjerna 1945 will become validly published and would hence replace the younger name Platyhypnidion rusciformis Philippi 1956. However, we intend to propose the conservation of the well-established and accepted name Platyhypnidion rusciformis Philippi 1956 against the Rhynchostegion riparioidis von Krusenstjerna 1945, that, according to the ICPN 3, had been considered as invalid and therefore has not been applied in the past. (H. Bültmann).

SA02B (PLA-02B) Brachythecion rivularis Hertel 1974

Bryophyte vegetation in calcareous mesotrophic and eutrophic, fast flowing rivulets and rivers at low altitudes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachythecion rivularis Hertel 1974

Synonyms

SA02C (PLA-02C) Fontinalion antipyreticae W. Koch 1936

Submerged bryophyte vegetation in eutrophic waters of slowly flowing rivulets and rivers at low altitudes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fontinalion antipyreticae W. Koch 1936

Synonyms

SA02D (PLA-02D) Cinclidotion fontinaloidis Philippi 1956

Temporarily submerged bryophyte vegetation in eutrophic waters of fast flowing rivulets and rivers at low altitudes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cinclidotion fontinaloidis Philippi 1956

Synonyms

SA02E (PLA-02E) Fissidention rivularis Marstaller 1987

Hygrophyte bryophyte vegetation in shaded sites at rivulets and cascades in the Mediterranean region

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fissidention rivularis Marstaller 1987

Synonyms

SB (ALA) Aspicilietea lacustris Wirth 1972

Amphibious and permanently submerged lichen communities on rocks in clear, mainly mineral-poor water bodies

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilietea lacustris Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SB01 (ALA-01) Hydroverrucarietalia Černohorský et Hadač ex Klement 1955

Amphibious and permanently submerged lichen communities on rocks in clear, mainly mineral-poor water bodies

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hydroverrucarietalia Černohorský et Hadač ex Klement 1955

Synonyms

Remark

ala01 | Lectotypus hoc loco: Aspicilion lacustris Klement 1955 (Klement 1955: 95–99). (H. Bültmann).

SB01A (ALA-01A) Verrucarion siliceae Wirth 1972

Permanently submerged lichen communities on rocks in clear, mineral-poor water bodies

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarion siliceae Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SB01B (ALA-01B) Aspicilion lacustris Klement 1950

Amphibious lichen communities on rocks in clear, mineral-poor water bodies

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilion lacustris Klement 1950

Synonyms

SB01C (ALA-01C) Staurothelion solventis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Submerged lichen communities on calcareous rocks in the montane and subalpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Staurothelion solventis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SB01D (ALA-01D) Porinion lectissimae Wirth 1980

Sciophilous lichen communities on damp acidic rocks wetted by temporary water streams or trickles

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Porinion lectissimae Wirth 1980

Synonyms

SC (VMA) Verrucarietea maurae Drehwald 1993

Coastal rock lichen communities of the eulittoral to mid-supralittoral zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarietea maurae Drehwald 1993

Synonyms

SC01 (VMA-01) Verrucarietalia maurae Drehwald 1993

Coastal rock lichen communities of the eulittoral to mid-supralittoral zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarietalia maurae Drehwald 1993

Synonyms

SC01A (VMA-01A) Caloplacion marinae Klement 1955

Coastal rock lichen communities of the eulittoral to mid-supralittoral zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caloplacion marinae Klement 1955

Synonyms

SD (SAP) Schistidietea apocarpi Ježek et Vondráček 1962

Bryophyte communities on exposed limestone rocks and screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Schistidietea apocarpi Ježek et Vondráček 1962

Synonyms

SD01 (SAP-01) Schistidietalia apocarpi Ježek et Vondráček 1962

Bryophyte communities on exposed limestone rocks and screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Schistidietalia apocarpi Ježek et Vondráček 1962

Synonyms

SD01A (SAP-01A) Grimmion tergestinae Šmarda 1947 nom. conserv. propos.

Bryophyte communities on exposed limestone rocks and screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Grimmion tergestinae Šmarda 1947 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

sap02 | Marstaller (2006) proposed to conserve the commonly used name Grimmion tergestinae Šmarda ex Klika 1948 against the name Tortulion muralis von Krusenstjerna 1945. The name Grimmion tergestinae Šmarda ex Klika 1948 is not validly published and we propose the Grimmion tergestinae Šmarda 1947 for conservation against the Tortulion muralis von Krusenstjerna 1945 . The names described by Šmarda (1947) are validly published since Šmarda's 'sociations' are considered at the same time as associations (see Remark cer01). (H. Bültmann).

SE (RAC) Racomitrietea heterostichi Neumayr 1971

Bryophyte communities on sunny exposed siliceous rocks, boulders and screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Racomitrietea heterostichi Neumayr 1971

Synonyms

SE01 (RAC-01) Grimmietalia commutatae Šmarda et Vaněk in Šmarda 1947

Bryophyte communities on sunny exposed siliceous rocks, boulders and screes

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Grimmietalia commutatae Šmarda et Vaněk in Šmarda 1947

Synonyms

SE01A (RAC-01A) Grimmion commutatae von Krusenstjerna 1945

Bryophyte communities on dry and sunny siliceous rocks, boulders and screes in lowlands of the cool temperate and mediterranean zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Grimmion commutatae von Krusenstjerna 1945

Synonyms

SE01B (RAC-01B) Andreaeion petrophilae Šmarda 1944

Bryophyte communities on dry, exposed siliceous rocks, boulders and screes in the boreal and arctic zones and at high altitudes of the cool temperate zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Andreaeion petrophilae Šmarda 1944

Synonyms

SE01C (RAC-01C) Andreaeion nivalis Krajina 1933

Bryophyte communities on sporadically inundated siliceous rocks of arctic-alpine distribution

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Andreaeion nivalis Krajina 1933

Synonyms

SE01D (RAC-01D) Grimmion maritimi Hadač ex Frahm 1974

Bryophyte communities on exposed siliceous rocks in the supralittoral zone of rocky shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Grimmion maritimi Hadač ex Frahm 1974

Synonyms

SE01E (RAC-01E) Grimmio hartmanii-Hypnion cupressiformis Philippi 1956 nom. conserv. propos.

Perennial bryophyte communities on shaded siliceous boulders and rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Grimmio hartmanii-Hypnion cupressiformis Philippi 1956 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

rac02 | Marstaller (1993: 535) proposed to conserve the name Grimmio hartmanii-Hypnion cupressiformis Philippi 1956 against the Plagiothecion denticulati von Krusenstjerna 1945 that has rarely been used in literature. Marstaller (2006: 136) also proposed rejection of the name Grimmio hartmanii-Isothecion myuri Philippi 1956 because he considered the type association to be a nomen dubium (ICPN art. 37). (H. Bültmann).

SE01F (RAC-01F) Racomitrion lanuginosi von Krusenstjerna 1945

Wefts and mats of bryophytes on lava streams, boulder fields and occasionally on stabilised soil in regions of oceanic climate

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Racomitrion lanuginosi von Krusenstjerna 1945

Synonyms

Remark

rac03 | The Racomitrion lanuginosi von Krusenstjerna 1945 was described in a broad meaning including syntaxa from acidic rock and shallow soil on rock outcrops. The type association of this alliance is the Racomitrietum lanuginosi von Krusenstjerna 1945, the original diagnosis of which shows ambiguity in terms of species composition accomodating species typical of both, acidic rock and stabilised soil. Marstaller (2006) classified the alliance Racomitrion lanuginosi in the class Ceratodonto-Polytrichetea and order Polytrichetalia piliferi. (H. Bültmann).

SF (CTE) Ctenidietea mollusci von Hübschmann ex Grgić 1980

Bryophyte communities on shaded, moist to temporarily dry base-rich rocks and occasionally on calcareous soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ctenidietea mollusci von Hübschmann ex Grgić 1980

Synonyms

SF01 (CTE-01) Ctenidietalia mollusci Hadač et Šmarda in Klika et Hadač 1944

Bryophyte communities on shaded, moist to temporarily dry base-rich rocks and occasionally on calcareous soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ctenidietalia mollusci Hadač et Šmarda in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

SF01A (CTE-01A) Ctenidion mollusci Ştefureac 1941

Montane bryophyte communities on shaded, moist to temporarily dry, base-rich rocks and occasionally on calcareous soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ctenidion mollusci Ştefureac 1941

Synonyms

Remark

cte01 | Marstaller (2006) considered the association names in Ştefureac (1941) as dubious and, therefore, rejected the name Ctenidion mollusci based upon them (ICPN art. 38). We retain the latter name despite Ştefureac's relevés being complex, as many of these relevés do fall within the context of the Ctenidion associations. Marstaller (1983) lectotypified the Ctenidion Ştefureac 1941 using the name 'Tortello-Ctenidietum mollusci Stodiek 1937'. No such association exists, but the relevé Marstaller (l.c.) has chosen as the type of the association belongs to the illegitimate 'Encalypta contorta-Tortella tortuosa-Ctenidium molluscum-Assoziation'. (H. Bültmann).

SF01B (CTE-01B) Distichion capillacei Gjaerevoll 1956

Subalpine, alpine and nival bryophyte communities on shaded, moist to temporarily dry, base-rich rocks and occasionally on calcareous soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Distichion capillacei Gjaerevoll 1956

Synonyms

SF01C (CTE-01C) Fissidention gracilifolii Neumayr 1971 corr. Marstaller 2001 nom. conserv. propos.

Bryophyte communities on shaded and moist vertical rock surfaces or under overhanging rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fissidention gracilifolii Neumayr 1971 corr. Marstaller 2001 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

cte03 | Marstaller (2006: 84) proposed to conserve the commonly used name Fissidention gracilifolii Neumayr 1971 corr. Marstaller 2001 against the name Seligerion Šmarda 1967. Marstaller (2001: 556, 559) corrected the name-giving species from Fissidens pusillus to Fissidens gracilifolius. (H. Bültmann).

SF02 (CTE-02) Leprarietalia nivalis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Ombrophobic and strongly hygrophilous lichen crusts on vertical calcareous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarietalia nivalis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

Remark

cte04 | The communities of the Leprarietalia nivalis are less hygrophytic and more ombrophobic than those of the other orders of the Ctenidietea. Roux et al. (2009) considered the order Leprarietalia nivalis as a case of incertae sedis. It is here tentatively placed in the Ctenidietea. Relevés with bryophytes and lichens are needed to clarify the positon of the order here or if a new class has to be described. (H. Bültmann).

SF02A (CTE-02A) Leprarion nivalis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Ombrophobic and strongly hygrophytic lichen crusts on vertical calcareous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarion nivalis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SG (CLA) Clauzadeetea immersae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor limestone substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Clauzadeetea immersae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SG01 (CLA-01) Thelidietalia decipientis Roux ex von Brackel 1993

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in the montane to alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Thelidietalia decipientis Roux ex von Brackel 1993

Synonyms

SG01A (CLA-01A) Aspicilion coeruleae Roux 1978

Endo- and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in fast desiccating habitats in the montane and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilion coeruleae Roux 1978

Synonyms

SG01B (CLA-01B) Eiglerion homalomorphae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in slowly desiccating habitats in the montane to alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eiglerion homalomorphae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SG02 (CLA-02) Verrucarietalia parmigerae Roux ex von Brackel 1993

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in the lowland and colline belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarietalia parmigerae Roux ex von Brackel 1993

Synonyms

SG02A (CLA-02A) Acrocordion conoideae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on shaded, nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in habitats with permanently high air humidity in the lowland to colline belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Acrocordion conoideae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SG02B (CLA-02B) Verrucarion sphinctrinellae Clauzade et Roux 1975

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in rather bright habitats with moderately intermittent high air humidity in the lowland to colline belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarion sphinctrinellae Clauzade et Roux 1975

Synonyms

SG02C (CLA-02C) Rinodinion immersae Roux 1978

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor calcareous substrates in habitats with strong changes of moisture and light regimes in the lowland to colline belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rinodinion immersae Roux 1978

Synonyms

SG02D (CLA-02D) Verrucarion weddelii Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Endolithic and epilithic crustose lichen communities on nutrient-poor, porose calcareous substrates in rather bright habitats subject to spills of water in the lowland to colline belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarion weddelii Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH (VNI) Verrucarietea nigrescentis Wirth 1980

Mainly crustose lichen communities on moderately to highly nutrient-rich limestone substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarietea nigrescentis Wirth 1980

Synonyms

SH01 (VNI-01) Verrucarietalia nigrescentis Klement 1950

Mainly crustose lichen communities on highly nutrient-rich limestone substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Verrucarietalia nigrescentis Klement 1950

Synonyms

SH01A (VNI-01A) Caloplacion decipientis Klement 1950 nom. conserv. propos.

Mainly crustose and squamulose lichen communities on highly nutrient-rich limestone substrates on calcareous rocks and walls fully exposed to sun and rain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caloplacion decipientis Klement 1950 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

SH01B (VNI-01B) Caloplacion arnoldii Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Mainly crustose lichen communities growing in protected habitats on highly nutrient-rich limestone substrates with only short water spills after rain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caloplacion arnoldii Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH01C (VNI-01C) Caloplacion granulosae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Mainly crustose lichen communities growing in open habitats on highly nutrient-rich limestone substrates with only short water spills after rain

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caloplacion granulosae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH02 (VNI-02) Aspicilietalia calcareae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Crustose lichen communities on moderately nutrient-rich limestone substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilietalia calcareae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH02A (VNI-02A) Aspicilion calcareae Albertson ex Roux 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Crustose lichen communities on slightly damp moderately nutrient-rich and rather protected limestone substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilion calcareae Albertson ex Roux 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

vni04 | We propose the conservation of the commonly used, although illegitimate, name Aspicilion calcareae Albertson ex Roux 1978 (ICPN art. 31) against the names Caloplacion pyraceae Klement 1955 (that has been not been used for four decades; see Remark vni06) and against the name Aspicilion calcareae Albertson ex James et al. 1977 nom. ambig. rejic. propos. (see Remark vni02). (H. Bültmann).

SH02B (VNI-02B) Acarosporion cervinae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Crustose lichen communities on dry exposed moderately nutrient-rich limestone substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Acarosporion cervinae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH02C (VNI-02C) Aspicilion contortae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Crustose lichen communities on moderately nutrient-rich limestone substrates with increased air humidity often exposed to dewfall

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilion contortae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH02D (VNI-02D) Lecideion gypsicolae Crespo et Barreno 1975

Crustose lichen communities on moderately nutrient-rich gypsum substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecideion gypsicolae Crespo et Barreno 1975

Synonyms

Remark

vni07 | The Lecideion gypsicolae was originally classified within the Fulgensietalia desertori by Crespo & Barreno (1975), but the dominance of saxicolous-calcicolous species suggests that this alliance belongs to the Aspicilietalia calcareae. (H. Bültmann).

SH03 (VNI-03) Lecanoretalia bandolensis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Crustose lichen communities of coastal salt-sprayed nutrient-rich rock surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanoretalia bandolensis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH03A (VNI-03A) Lecanorion bandolensis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Crustose lichen communities of partly shaded, compact coastal salt-sprayed rock surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanorion bandolensis Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SH03B (VNI-03B) Caloplacion tavaresianae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Crustose lichen communities of fully exposed, porose coastal salt-sprayed rock surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caloplacion tavaresianae Roux in Roux et al. 2009

Synonyms

SI (RHI) Rhizocarpetea geographici Wirth 1972

Ombrophilous lichen communities of siliceous rock surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhizocarpetea geographici Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SI01 (RHI-01) Rhizocarpetalia obscurati Wirth 1980

Ombrophilous lichen communities of siliceous rock surfaces characterised by increased air humidity

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhizocarpetalia obscurati Wirth 1980

Synonyms

SI01A (RHI-01A) Lecideion tumidae Wirth 1972

Ombrophilous lichen communities of siliceous rock surfaces characterised by increased air humidity

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecideion tumidae Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SI02 (RHI-02) Rhizocarpetalia Klement 1949 nom. conserv. propos.

Ombrophilous lichen communities of siliceous rock surfaces in the lowland to upper montane belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhizocarpetalia Klement 1949 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

rhi01 | The name Physcietalia was used in Šmarda (1947) to accommodate the highly nitrophilous Xanthorion parietinae Ochsner ex Šmarda 1947 (nom. inval; ICPN art. 3d) and the non-nitrophilous Parmelion conspersae Hadač in Šmarda 1947. Because the 'Xanthorion parietinae Ochsner ex Šmarda 1947' is invalidly published, the 'Parmelion conspersae Hadač in Šmarda 1947' is the nomenclatural type of the 'Physcietalia Šmarda 1947'. As the only Physcia species in the original diagnosis of the order is P. sciastra, the name can be completed with the taxon epithet to Physcietalia sciastrae Šmarda 1947 (ICPN Rec. 10C). Physcia is a genus of highly nitrophilous species and applying the name Physcietalia sciastrae for non-nitrophilous lichen vegetation would become a source of misunderstanding (nomen ambiguum; ICPN art. 36) and therefore we suggest the rejection of the name Physcietalia sciastrae Hadač in Šmarda 1947 in favour of a well established name. The name Rhizocarpetalia Klement 1950 is indeed well established, however it is a younger homonym of the Rhizocarpetalia Klement 1949, that we propose to conserve. The lectotypus hoc loco of the Rhizocarpetalia Klement 1949 is the Acarosporion fuscatae Klement 1949 in Klement (1949: 12). (H. Bültmann).

SI02A (RHI-02A) Lecanorion montagnei Llimona in Egea et Llimona 1987

Ombrophilous lichen communities of siliceous, slightly shaded rock surfaces of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanorion montagnei Llimona in Egea et Llimona 1987

Synonyms

SI02B (RHI-02B) Pertusarion leucosorae Egea et Llimona 1987

Ombrophilous lichen communities of exposed, siliceous rock surfaces in the lowland to upper montane belts of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pertusarion leucosorae Egea et Llimona 1987

Synonyms

SI02C (RHI-02C) Dimelaenion radiatae Llimona 1975

Ombrophilous lichen communities of extremely sunny, dry and warm siliceous rock surfaces of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dimelaenion radiatae Llimona 1975

Synonyms

SI02D (RHI-02D) Caloplacion irrubescentis Llimona et Egea 1984

Ombrophilous and slightly nitrophilous lichen communities on exposed siliceous rock surfaces of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caloplacion irrubescentis Llimona et Egea 1984

Synonyms

Remark

rhi03 | Llimona & Egea (1984) did not designate explicitly the type association. However, of the subordinate three associations (Acarosporetum heufleurianae, Solenopsoro-Diploicietum subcanescentis, Buellio-Caloplacetum littoreae), the former two are invalidly published because no type relevés were assigned (ICPN art. 5). This leaves the validly described Buellio caloplacivora-Caloplacetum littoralis Llimona et Egea 1984 as the only suitable element as the type of the name and, therefore, the alliance is deemed validly described (ICPN art 5). (H. Bültmann).

SI02E (RHI-02E) Parmelion conspersae Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Ombrophilous lichen communities on horizontal or slightly inclined faces of siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parmelion conspersae Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

SI02F (RHI-02F) Umbilicarion hirsutae Černohorský et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Ombrophilous communities of umbilicate lichens on vertical faces of siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Umbilicarion hirsutae Černohorský et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

SI03 (RHI-03) Acarosporetalia sinopicae Creveld 1981

Ombrophilous lichen communities on siliceous rocks rich in heavy metals such as iron, copper, zinc and lead

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Acarosporetalia sinopicae Creveld 1981

Synonyms

SI03A (RHI-03A) Acarosporion sinopicae Wirth 1972

Ombrophilous lichen communities on acidic rocks rich in heavy metals such as iron, zinc and lead

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Acarosporion sinopicae Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SI03B (RHI-03B) Lecideion inopsis Purvis in Purvis et Halls 1996

Ombrophilous lichen communities on alkaline rocks rich in copper or other heavy metals

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecideion inopsis Purvis in Purvis et Halls 1996

Synonyms

SI04 (RHI-04) Umbilicarietalia Oberd. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Ombrophilous lichen communities on siliceous rock surfaces and boulders in the upper montane to nival belts and the arctic zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Umbilicarietalia Oberd. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

Remark

rhi04 | The name 'Umbilicarietalia Oberd.' ex Klika & Hadač 1944 (Klika & Hadač 1944: 252) is used in a broad sense, without a taxon epithet. It includes the alliances 'Rhizocarpion alpinum Frey 1933' and 'Rhizocarpion montanum Černohorský et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944' (both illegitimate names; ICPN art. 34),the 'Umbilicarion cylindricae Frey 1933', the 'Umbilicarion hirsutae Černohorský et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944' (both legitimate and validly published names), as well as the 'Rhizocarpion lavati Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944' and the 'Dermatocarpion rivulorum Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944' (both invalidly published names; ICPN art. 2b). Creveld (1981) proposed the 'Umbilicarion cylindricae Gams 1927' as the nomenclatural type of the order. However, the name used by Gams (1927: 233), 'Gyrophorion', is a nomen nudum and thus cannot serve as type. From Klika et Hadač (1944) we select here the Umbilicarion cylindricae Frey 1933 (Frey 1933: 40-41, 43) as the new type (lectotypus hoc loco) of the Umbilicarietalia Oberd. ex Klika et Hadač 1944. (H. Bültmann).

SI04A (RHI-04A) Umbilicarion cylindricae Frey 1933

Ombrophilous communities of umbilicate lichens on tops and vertical faces of siliceous rock surfaces and boulders in the upper montane to nival belts and the arctic zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Umbilicarion cylindricae Frey 1933

Synonyms

SI04B (RHI-04B) Rhizocarpion alpicolae Frey ex Klement 1955

Ombrophilous communities of crustose lichens on exposed siliceous rock surfaces and boulders in the upper montane to nival belts and the arctic zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhizocarpion alpicolae Frey ex Klement 1955

Synonyms

SI05 (RHI-05) Parmelietalia saxatilis Wirth 1972

Ombrophilous lichen communities on siliceous rock surfaces and boulders with thin layers of humus or algal mats on flat or slightly inclined rock faces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parmelietalia saxatilis Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SI05A (RHI-05A) Crocynio membranaceae-Hypogymnion physodis Wirth 1972

Ombrophilous lichen communities on siliceous rock surfaces and boulders with thin layers of humus or algal mats on flat or slightly inclined rock faces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Crocynio membranaceae-Hypogymnion physodis Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SI05B (RHI-05B) Racomitrio-Hypogymnion intestiniformis Creveld 1981

Ombrophilous lichen communities on the surfaces of siliceous boulders with thin layers of humus or algal mats in habitats characterised by prolonged snow-cover in the arctic-alpine regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Racomitrio-Hypogymnion intestiniformis Creveld 1981

Synonyms

SI06 (RHI-06) Rinodino confragosae-Rusavskietalia elegantis Creveld in Bültmann et al. 2015

Ombrophilous subnitrophilous lichen communities on slightly acidic siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rinodino confragosae-Rusavskietalia elegantis Creveld in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SI06A (RHI-06A) Lecanorion rubinae Frey 1933

Ombrophilous and sub-nitrophilous to strongly ornitho-coprophilous lichen communities mainly on acidic to base-rich siliceous rocks in the subalpine to nival belt, arctic zone and on coastal rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanorion rubinae Frey 1933

Synonyms

SI06B (RHI-06B) Physcion dimidiatae Wirth 1972

Ombrophilous thermophilous lichen communities on slightly acidic siliceous rocks in the lowland to montane belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Physcion dimidiatae Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SI06C (RHI-06C) Rhizocarpo geographici-Rusavskion elegantis Creveld in Bültmann et al. 2015

Ombrophilous lichen communities on rain-exposed base-rich siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhizocarpo geographici-Rusavskion elegantis Creveld in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SJ (ACA) Aspicilietea candidae Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks covered by snow only for a short-time in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilietea candidae Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SJ01 (ACA-01) Aspicilietalia verruculosae Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Sub-thermophilous and sub-xerophilous crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilietalia verruculosae Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SJ01A (ACA-01A) Aspicilion mashiginensis Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Sub-thermophilous and sub-xerophilous crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks with low content of carbonate in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aspicilion mashiginensis Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SJ01B (ACA-01B) Teloschistion contortuplicati Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Sub-thermophilous and sub-xerophilous crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks with higher content of carbonate in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Teloschistion contortuplicati Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SJ02 (ACA-02) Lecideetalia confluescentis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecideetalia confluescentis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SJ02A (ACA-02A) Lecideion confluescentis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecideion confluescentis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SK (POR) Porpidietea zeoroidis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks covered by snow for a long-time in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Porpidietea zeoroidis Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SK01 (POR-01) Porpidietalia zeoroidis Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks covered by snow for a long-time in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Porpidietalia zeoroidis Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SK01A (POR-01A) Porpidion zeoroidis Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Crustose lichen communities on calcareous schists and decalcified calcareous rocks covered by snow for a long-time in the subalpine and alpine belts

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Porpidion zeoroidis Asta et Roux ex Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SL (COL) Collematetea cristati Wirth 1980

Communities of jelly lichens on calcareous or base-rich siliceous rocks in fissures and in rain tracks temporarily watered by seepage or trickling waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Collematetea cristati Wirth 1980

Synonyms

SL01 (COL-01) Collematetalia cristati Wirth 1980

Communities of jelly lichens on calcareous rocks in fissures and in rain tracks temporarily watered by seepage or trickling waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Collematetalia cristati Wirth 1980

Synonyms

SL01A (COL-01A) Collemation tuniformis Klement 1955 corr. Wirth 1980

Sciophilous communities of jelly lichens on calcareous rocks in fissures and in rain tracks temporarily watered by seepage or trickling waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Collemation tuniformis Klement 1955 corr. Wirth 1980

Synonyms

Remark

col01 | The name-giving taxon Collema rupestris of the alliance 'Collemion rupestris' in Klement (1955: 89) is a misidentification of Collema tuniforme (now Collema fuscovirens). Wirth (1980: 30) corrected the name in this respect. (H. Bültmann).

SL01B (COL-01B) Peccanion coralloidis Moreno et Egea ex Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Sub-heliophilous communities of jelly lichens on calcareous rocks in fissures and in rain tracks temporarily watered by seepage or trickling waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peccanion coralloidis Moreno et Egea ex Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SL02 (COL-02) Peltuletalia euplocae Morena et Egea ex Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Communities of jelly lichens on base-rich siliceous rocks in fissures and in rain tracks temporarily watered by seepage or trickling waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peltuletalia euplocae Morena et Egea ex Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SL02A (COL-02A) Peltulion euplocae Llimona et Egea 1984

Communities of jelly lichens on base-rich siliceous rocks in fissures and in rain tracks temporarily watered by seepage or trickling waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peltulion euplocae Llimona et Egea 1984

Synonyms

Remark

col02 | Llimona & Egea (1984: 92) published the name 'Peltulion euplocae Llimona et Egea 1984', presumably with the intention to describe the alliance in a following publication (Llimona & Egea 1985). However, the original diagnosis of the alliance containing only the new association Peltuletum obscuranto-euplocae Lliomona et Egea 1984, which is validly published with a single relevé in accordance with ICPN art. 5, the name 'Peltulion euplocae' is consequently validly published.The character species for the alliance are those given by the authors for the association (ICPN art. 8). (H. Bültmann).

SM (LCH) Leprarietea chlorinae Wirth 1972

Ombrophobic lichen communities on acidic rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarietea chlorinae Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SM01 (LCH-01) Leprarietalia chlorinae Hadač ex Wirth 1972

Ombrophobic lichen communities on acidic rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarietalia chlorinae Hadač ex Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SM01A (LCH-01A) Leprarion chlorinae Šmarda et Hadač ex Wirth 1972 nom. conserv. propos.

Photophytic to moderately sciophilous ombrophobic communities of leprose lichens on acidic rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarion chlorinae Šmarda et Hadač ex Wirth 1972 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

lch01 | In contrast to the well-established name 'Leprarion chlorinae Šmarda et Hadač ex Wirth 1972', the name 'Crocynion membranaceae Klement 1950' has not been used in recent literature. Therefore, we propose to conserve the later name 'Leprarion chlorinae' against the earlier 'Crocynion membranaceae'. (H. Bültmann).

SM01B (LCH-01B) Cystocoleion nigri Wirth 1972

Strongly sciophilous and aero-hygrophilous ombrophobic lichen communities on acidic rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cystocoleion nigri Wirth 1972

Synonyms

SN (ROC) Roccelletea phycopsis Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Ombrophobic and aero-hygrophilous rock lichen communities on calcareous and subacidic substrates of mainly Southern Europe and North Africa

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Roccelletea phycopsis Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SN01 (ROC-01) Dirinetalia massiliensis Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Ombrophobic and aero-hygrophilous rock lichen communities mainly on carbonate rocks and rarely on base-rich siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dirinetalia massiliensis Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SN01A (ROC-01A) Roccellion phycopsis Egea et Llimona 1984

Ombrophobic and aero-hygrophilous rock lichen communities mainly on carbonate rocks and rarely on base-rich siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Roccellion phycopsis Egea et Llimona 1984

Synonyms

SN02 (ROC-02) Roccelletalia fuciformis Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Ombrophobic and aero-hygrophilous rock lichen communities on acidic and volcanic rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Roccelletalia fuciformis Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SN02A (ROC-02A) Paralecanographion grumulosae Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Ombrophobic and moderately aero-hygrophilous rock lichen communities on siliceous and volcanic rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Paralecanographion grumulosae Egea in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

SN02B (ROC-02B) Roccellion Klement 1965

Ombrophobic and highly aero-hygrophilous communities of fruticose lichens on vertical and overhanging cliffs on siliceous and volcanic rocks with an optimum in Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Roccellion Klement 1965

Synonyms

TA (NEC) Neckeretea complanatae Marstaller 1986 nom. conserv. propos.

Hygrophilous bryophyte and lichen communities of large species forming loose mats on bark and shaded boulders and base-rich rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Neckeretea complanatae Marstaller 1986 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

nec01 | The type of the broadly conceived class Hypnetea cupressiformis Ježek et Vondráček 1962 − the Hypnetalia cupressiformis Ježek et Vondráček 1962 − falls within the concept of the Neckeretea complanatae Marstaller 1986. As the name Hypnetea cupressiformis has not found accepted in literature, in contrast to the well-established Neckeretea complanatae Marstaller 1986, we propose to conserve the name Neckeretea complanatae Marstaller 1986 against the name Hypnetea cupressiformis Ježek et Vondráček 1962 as well as against the less used name Anomodonto-Neckeretea Mamczarz 1978. (H. Bültmann).

TA01 (NEC-01) Neckeretalia complanatae Ježek et Vondráček 1962

Communities of mat-forming large bryophytes on shaded partly by base-rich or neutral, soil-covered boulders, and occasionally bark or stable soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Neckeretalia complanatae Ježek et Vondráček 1962

Synonyms

TA01A (NEC-01A) Neckerion complanatae Šmarda et Hadač ex Klika 1948 nom. conserv. propos.

Communities of mat-forming large bryophytes on shaded partly by base-rich soil-covered boulders, and occasionally bark or stable soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Neckerion complanatae Šmarda et Hadač ex Klika 1948 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

nec03 | We propose to conserve the established name Neckerion complanatae Šmarda et Hadač ex Klika 1948 against the name Drepanion cupressiformis Ochsner 1928 as well as against the names Anomodontion viticulosi Felföldy 1941, Amblystegion serpentis Felföldy 1941, and Isothecion myuri Waldheim 1944. All these names have not been in use during the last decades. (H. Bültmann).

TA01B (NEC-01B) Plasteurhynchion meridionalis Guerra et Varo 1981

Communities of mat-forming large bryophytes on neutral soils and humus-rich soils in the (sub)Mediterranean scrubs and forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Plasteurhynchion meridionalis Guerra et Varo 1981

Synonyms

TA02 (NEC-02) Antitrichietalia curtipendulae Šmarda et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Hygrophilous bryophyte and lichen communities of large loose-mat forming species on base-rich bark, boulders and rocks in sheltered habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Antitrichietalia curtipendulae Šmarda et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

Remark

nec05 | According to Marstaller (2006), the syntaxonomic position of this order remains unresolved. (H. Bültmann).

TA02A (NEC-02A) Lobarion pulmonariae Ochsner 1928

Hygrophilous bryophyte and lichen communities of large loose-mat forming species on base-rich bark, boulders and rocks in sheltered habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lobarion pulmonariae Ochsner 1928

Synonyms

Remark

nec06 | The communities of the alliance Lobarion pulmonariae are characterised by the presence of large foliose lichens and bryophytes characteristic of the Neckeretea complanatae and the Antitrichietalia, and partly also of the Frullanio-Leucodontetea. Marstaller (1986) typified the Antitrichietalia curtipendulae Šmarda et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944 by selecting the Lobarion pulmonariae Ochsner 1928 as the lectotype. (H. Bültmann).

TB (FRU) Frullanio dilatatae-Leucodontetea sciuroidis Mohan 1978

Epiphytic bryophyte communities on the bark of living trees, epiphyllous on leaves or occasionally epigaeic on humic soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frullanio dilatatae-Leucodontetea sciuroidis Mohan 1978

Synonyms

TB01 (FRU-01) Orthotrichetalia Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Epiphytic bryophyte communities on nutrient-rich bark of living trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Orthotrichetalia Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

TB01A (FRU-01A) Ulotion crispae Barkman 1958

Oceanic epiphytic bryophyte communities on the bark of living trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulotion crispae Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TB01B (FRU-01B) Syntrichion laevipilae Ochsner 1928

Xero-thermophilous epiphytic bryophyte communities on the bark of living trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Syntrichion laevipilae Ochsner 1928

Synonyms

TB01C (FRU-01C) Leskeion polycarpae Barkman 1958

Epiphytic bryophyte communities on the bark of living trees in occasionally flooded riparian forests

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leskeion polycarpae Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TB01D (FRU-01D) Ulotion bruchii Lecointe 1979

Acidophilous epiphytic bryophyte communities on the bark of living trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulotion bruchii Lecointe 1979

Synonyms

TB02 (FRU-02) Dicranetalia scoparii Barkman 1958

Perennial epiphytic and epigaeic bryophyte communities on humic acid substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dicranetalia scoparii Barkman 1958

Synonyms

Remark

fru04 | Marstaller (2006) and other authors classify the order Dicranetalia in the class Cladonio-Lepidozietea. (H. Bültmann).

TB02A (FRU-02A) Dicrano scoparii-Hypnion filiformis Barkman 1958

Perennial epiphytic and epigaeic bryophyte communities on humic acid substrates of Central Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dicrano scoparii-Hypnion filiformis Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TB02B (FRU-02B) Isothecion myosuroidis Barkman 1958

Perennial epiphytic and epigaeic bryophyte communities on humic acid substrates of the oceanic regions of Europe and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Isothecion myosuroidis Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TB03 (FRU-03) Frullanio teneriffae-Leucodontetalia canariensis Marstaller 1985

Epiphytic bryophyte communities on smooth bark and epiphyllous on sclerophyllous plants of southwestern Europe and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Frullanio teneriffae-Leucodontetalia canariensis Marstaller 1985

Synonyms

Remark

fru05 | Marstaller (1985: 351) validly published the name Frullanio teneriffae-Leucodontetalia canariensis Marstaller 1985 with an incidental validation of the type of this order, that is the name 'Echinodio-Neckerion intermediae' (see Remark fru06). Marstaller designated the type as "Holotypus 1. Verband", i.e. the first alliance numbered below for the order, namely the 'Echinodio-Neckerion intermediae Sjögren 1978'. (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

TB03A (FRU-03A) Cololejeunio schaeferi-Porellion canariensis Zippel 1998

Epiphytic bryophyte communities on the smooth bark of living sclerophyllous trees in sheltered habitats of the laurisilva forest zone of Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cololejeunio schaeferi-Porellion canariensis Zippel 1998

Synonyms

TB03B (FRU-03B) Echinodio prolixi-Neckerion intermediae Sjögren ex Marstaller 1985

Epiphytic bryophyte communities on rough bark of large ericoid shrubs and trees in the laurisilva forest zone of Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Echinodio prolixi-Neckerion intermediae Sjögren ex Marstaller 1985

Synonyms

Remark

fru06 | The name 'Echinodio-Neckerion intermediae' has not been accepted by Sjögren (1978: 34) in considering it as "n.p." (nomen provisorium or 'not published'; Sjögren on p. 15 used "n.p." with expressis verbis provisional name 'Cololejeunea-Colurion n.p.', later he applied only the abbreviation 'n.p.'). Therefore, the name is invalidly published (ICPN 3b). Marstaller (1985: 351) validated incidentally Sjögren's name by designating diagnostic taxa and a type as 'Lectotypus: 1. Ass.' [recte: holotype], i.e. the first association numbered below for the alliance, namely the 'Echinodietum prolixi v. Hübschmann 1971'. The latter name is validly published and there is an unambiguous bibliographical reference to von Hübschmann (1971) in Marstaller (1985). As Sjögren (1978: 256) stated explicitly, Echinodium prolixum and Neckera intermedia are the name-giving species of the name 'Echinodio-Neckerion intermediae', the correct citation following ICPN Rec. 10C of the name validated by Marstaller is 'Echinodio prolixi-Neckerion intermediae Sjögren ex Marstaller 1985'. (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

TB03C (FRU-03C) Ulotion calvescentis Marstaller 1985

Photophytic epiphytic bryophyte communities in periodically humid habitats in open forests and scrubs of southwestern Europe and Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulotion calvescentis Marstaller 1985

Synonyms

TB03D (FRU-03D) Aphanolejeuneo microscopicae-Colurion calyptrifoliae Sjögren 2003 nom. inval. (3g, 5)

Epiphyllous bryophyte communities on sclerophyllous plants in the laurisilva forest zone of Macaronesia

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aphanolejeuneo microscopicae-Colurion calyptrifoliae Sjögren 2003 nom. inval. (3g, 5)

Synonyms

TC (ARL) Arthonio radiatae-Lecidelletea elaeochromae Drehwald 1993

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic bark of trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Arthonio radiatae-Lecidelletea elaeochromae Drehwald 1993

Synonyms

TC01 (ARL-01) Bacidinetalia phacodis Bricaud et Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic, porose bark of old trees in shaded humid habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bacidinetalia phacodis Bricaud et Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

TC01A (ARL-01A) Agonimion octosporae Bricaud et Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic, porose bark of old trees in shaded humid habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Agonimion octosporae Bricaud et Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

TC02 (ARL-02) Graphidetalia scriptae Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic, smooth bark of trees in moderately humid to moderately dry habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Graphidetalia scriptae Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

TC02A (ARL-02A) Graphidion scriptae Ochsner ex Felföldy 1941

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic, smooth bark of trees (particularly beech) in shaded and moderately humid habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Graphidion scriptae Ochsner ex Felföldy 1941

Synonyms

Remark

arl02 | Felföldy (1941) used the term 'Szoc.' (obviously meaning 'sociation') for associations, and 'assz. csop.' ('association groups') for alliances. He chose those terms, because he wanted to express that the epiphyte syntaxa are a part of the vegetation. However, he stated that he was treating the epiphytic communities as independent associations. Furthermore, he applied the rank-indicating suffixes (-etum, -ion) for the associations and alliances respectively. In addition, many of his 'szoc.' and 'assz. csop.' are associations and alliances described by Ochsner (1928). Thus it can be concluded, that the units of Felföldy (1941) with the suffixes (-etum, -ion) correspond to associations and alliances of the thallophyte syntaxonomic system and are validly described in the sense of the ICPN Principle II. (H. Bültmann).

TC02B (ARL-02B) Lecanorion carpineae Ochsner 1928 corr. Barkman 1958

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic, smooth bark of trees in moderately dry habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanorion carpineae Ochsner 1928 corr. Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TC03 (ARL-03) Dendrographetalia decolorantis Bricaud et Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic bark of trees of the Mediterranean and the thermoatlantic region of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dendrographetalia decolorantis Bricaud et Roux in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

TC03A (ARL-03A) Lecanactidion patellarioidis Crespo ex Giralt 1996

Epiphytic crustose lichen communities on neutral to moderately acidic bark of trees of the Mediterranean and the thermoatlantic region of southwestern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanactidion patellarioidis Crespo ex Giralt 1996

Synonyms

TD (HYP) Hypogymnietea physodis Follmann 1974 nom. conserv. propos.

Lichen communities on rough acidic nutrient-poor bark of trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hypogymnietea physodis Follmann 1974 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

hyp01 | The larger part of the Usneetea Tomaselli et De Micheli 1952 and of the Alectorietea Hadač 1962 corresponds to the Hypogymnietea physodis Follmann 1974. Neither of the names are misleading, but the name Hypogymnietea physodis Follmann 1974 is already well-established in the licheno-sociological literature and therefore we propose the conservation of the Hypogymnietea physodis Follmann 1974 against the name Usneetea Tomaselli et De Micheli 1952, as well as against the name Alectorietea Hadač 1962. (H. Bültmann).

TD01 (HYP-01) Alectorietalia Dahl et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Moderately to highly aero-hygrophilous fruticose and foliose lichen communities on rough acidic nutrient-poor bark of trees

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Alectorietalia Dahl et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

TD01A (HYP-01A) Cetrarion pinastri Ochsner ex Kušan 1933

Foliose lichen communities on acidic nutrient-poor bark of lower parts of tree trunks or on dead wood in habitats with increased air humidity and prolonged snow cover with an optimum in the boreal zone and the montane and subalpine belts of the nemoral zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cetrarion pinastri Ochsner ex Kušan 1933

Synonyms

TD01B (HYP-01B) Parmelion physodis von Krusenstjerna 1945 nom. corr.

Fruticose and foliose lichen communities sensitive to air pollution on acid nutrient-poor bark of trees in habitats with moderate air humidity

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parmelion physodis von Krusenstjerna 1945 nom. corr.

Synonyms

Remark

hyp02 | Von Krusenstjerna (1945) described the 'Parmelia physodes-förbundet' or 'Physodion' after the species name Parmelia physodes (L.) Ach., nowadays named Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. According to the ICPN art. 41, the name of the alliance must be corrected to Parmelion physodis von Krusenstjerna 1945 nom. corr. hoc loco. As type the association Physodeto-Sulcatetum von Krusenstjerna 1945 lectotypus hoc loco is chosen (von Krusenstjerna 1945: 91-92). The name of the association is also formed from epithets and must be corrected to Parmelietum physodo-sulcatae von Krusenstjerna 1945 nom corr. hoc loco. (H. Bültmann).

TD01C (HYP-01C) Usneion barbatae Ochsner 1928

Highly air-pollution sensitive communities of large beard lichens on acidic nutrient-poor bark of trees in habitats with temporary high fog-induced air humidity

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Usneion barbatae Ochsner 1928

Synonyms

TD01D (HYP-01D) Parmelion perlatae (Barkman 1958) James et al. 1977

Highly air-pollution sensitive yet slightly nitrophilous communities of large foliose lichens on moderately acidic to neutral bark in regions of oceanic climate

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parmelion perlatae (Barkman 1958) James et al. 1977

Synonyms

Remark

hyp04 | Barkman (1958) described the Parmelion caperatae with the rank of suballiance, which was upgraded to alliance by James et al. (1977). The authors had to choose a new name because the alliance Parmelion caperatae Felföldy 1941 is validly described (see synonyms of the Xanthorion parietinae Ochsner 1928). (H. Bültmann).

TD01E (HYP-01E) Parmelion laevigatae James et al. 1977

Communities of large foliose lichens on very nutrient-poor acid bark in regions of highly oceanic climate

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Parmelion laevigatae James et al. 1977

Synonyms

TD02 (HYP-02) Lecanoretalia variae Barkman 1958

Aero-xerophilous and toxitolerant communities of crustose lichens on acidic nutrient-poor bark of trees and occasionally also on leaves

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanoretalia variae Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TD02A (HYP-02A) Lecanorion variae Barkman 1958

Subaero-xerophilous and sub-toxitolerant crustose lichen communities on acid, nutrient-poor bark

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lecanorion variae Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TD02B (HYP-02B) Bacidion chlorococcae Klement 1955

Aero-xerophilous and highly toxitolerant crustose lichen communities on strongly acid, nutrient-poor bark and occasionally also on dead wood, leaves and needles

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bacidion chlorococcae Klement 1955

Synonyms

TE (FEL) Fellhaneretea bouteillei Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Epiphyllous lichen communities on leaves of evergreen trees and shrubs having a distribution optimum in Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fellhaneretea bouteillei Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Synonyms

TE01 (FEL-01) Fellhaneretalia bouteillei Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Epiphyllous lichen communities on leaves of evergreen trees and shrubs having a distribution optimum in Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fellhaneretalia bouteillei Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Synonyms

TE01A (FEL-01A) Fellhanerion bouteillei Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Epiphyllous lichen communities on leaves of evergreen trees and shrubs in habitats with frequently shifting microclimatic conditions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fellhanerion bouteillei Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Synonyms

TE01B (FEL-01B) Bacidinion vasakii Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Epiphyllous lichen communities on leaves of evergreen trees and shrubs in habitats with constant aero-hygrophytic microclimate

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bacidinion vasakii Bricaud et Roux in Bricaud et al. 2009

Synonyms

TF (PHY) Physcietea Tomaselli et De Micheli 1952

Nitrophilous and subnitrophilous lichen communities on bark of trees and occasionally on rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Physcietea Tomaselli et De Micheli 1952

Synonyms

TF01 (PHY-01) Physcietalia Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Nitrophilous and sub-nitrophilous lichen communities on bark of trees and occasionally on rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Physcietalia Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

Remark

phy02 | The original diagnosis of the order 'Physcietalia Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944' includes besides epiphytic communities also saxicolous syntaxa now transferred to the Rhizocarpetea geographici Wirth 1972. Drehwald (1993) typified the order with the epiphytic Xanthorion parietinae Ochsner 1928 and the order in current use is applied for corticolous communities. The name is established with the taxon epithet of Physcia adscendens. (H. Bültmann).

TF01A (PHY-01A) Buellion canescentis Barkman 1958

Nitrophilous and sub-nitrophilous lichen communities on rough bark of trees and occasionally on rocks, either crustose pioneer communities or communities in slightly humid or shaded habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Buellion canescentis Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TF01B (PHY-01B) Xanthorion parietinae Ochsner 1928

Nitrophilous communities of foliose and fruticose lichens on bark of trees and occasionally on rocks in exposed habitats

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Xanthorion parietinae Ochsner 1928

Synonyms

TG (LCA) Leprarietea candelaris Wirth 1980

Ombrophobic lichen communities on rough bark or wood

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarietea candelaris Wirth 1980

Synonyms

TG01 (LCA-01) Leprarietalia Barkman 1958

Ombrophobic lichen communities on rough bark or wood

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarietalia Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TG01A (LCA-01A) Calicion hyperelli Černohorský et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Ombrophobic communities of calicioid lichens on bark or wood

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calicion hyperelli Černohorský et Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

Synonyms

TG01B (LCA-01B) Leprarion Almborn 1948 (orig.form)

Ombrophobic sub-sciophilous and hygrophilous communities of leprose lichens on bark or wood

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Leprarion Almborn 1948 (orig.form)

Synonyms

TH (CLE) Cladonio digitatae-Lepidozietea reptantis Ježek et Vondráček 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

Sub-hygrophilous and hygrophilous bryophyte and lichen communities on decaying organic matter and acidic soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladonio digitatae-Lepidozietea reptantis Ježek et Vondráček 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

cle01 | The original concept of the Dicranelletea cerviculatae von Hübschmann 1957, containing peat-colonizing syntaxa, is a small portion of the Cladonio-Lepidozietea as the class is understood today. The well-established name Cladonio digitatae-Lepidozietea reptantis Ježek et Vondráček 1962, is proposed here for conservation against the older name Dicranelletea cerviculatae von Hübschmann 1957 and against the name Physcomitrelletea patentis von Hübschmann 1957. The latter class was described to accommodate only one association and remained infrequently used in literature. (H. Bültmann).

TH01 (CLE-01) Diplophylletalia albicantis Philippi 1963 nom. conserv. propos.

Sciophilous and sub-hygrophilous bryophyte communities occasionally with lichens on acidic soil and weathered surfaces of moist siliceous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diplophylletalia albicantis Philippi 1963 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

cle04 | Marstaller (2006: 27) proposed to conserve the name 'Diplophylletalia albicantis Philippi 1963' against the name 'Dicranelletalia heteromallae Philippi 1956' because Philippi (1963) combined these two orders and chose the later name 'Diplophylletalia albicantis' that is a well-established name today. We propose to conserve the name 'Diplophylletalia albicantis' against the name 'Physcomitrelletalia patentis von Hübschmann 1957'. The latter order, described to accommodate the single alliance 'Physcomitrellion patentis' with one association, remained almost unknown in the literature. (H. Bültmann).

TH01A (CLE-01A) Pogonation urnigeri von Krusenstjerna 1945

Sub-hygrophilous bryophyte communities on acidic soils with low humus content

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pogonation urnigeri von Krusenstjerna 1945

Synonyms

TH01B (CLE-01B) Fissidenti serrulati-Fossombronion angulosae Marstaller 1993

Sciophilous and hygrophilous bryophyte communities on acidic soil and weathered rock surfaces in moist habitats of the Mediterranean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fissidenti serrulati-Fossombronion angulosae Marstaller 1993

Synonyms

TH01C (CLE-01C) Dicranellion heteromallae Philippi 1963 nom. conserv. propos.

Sub-hygrophilous bryophyte communities occasionally with lichens on acidic loamy and gravelly soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dicranellion heteromallae Philippi 1963 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

cle05 | Following a suggestion by Philippi (1963: 104), Marstaller (1993: 535) proposed to conserve the established name 'Dicranellion heteromallae Philippi 1963' against the names 'Pogonato urnigeri-Atrichion undulati von Krusenstjerna 1945', 'Pogonation aloidis Philippi 1956' and 'Solenostomion crenulati Philippi 1956'. (H. Bültmann).

TH01D (CLE-01D) Diplophyllion albicantis Philippi 1956

Sciophilous and hygrophilous bryophyte communities on wet siliceous rocks and soil surfaces

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diplophyllion albicantis Philippi 1956

Synonyms

TH01E (CLE-01E) Pellion epiphyllae Marstaller 1984

Sub-sciophilous and hygrophilous bryophyte communities on moist acidic soil surfaces and on soil-covered rocks along rivulets

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pellion epiphyllae Marstaller 1984

Synonyms

TH01F (CLE-01F) Fossombronio-Pohlion annotinae von Hübschmann 1986

Pioneer bryophyte communities on acidic periodically wet clay or sandy soils

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fossombronio-Pohlion annotinae von Hübschmann 1986

Synonyms

TH01G (CLE-01G) Physcomitrellion patentis von Hübschmann 1957

Pioneer bryophyte communities on silty loam in the supralittoral of eutrophic lakes, pools and rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Physcomitrellion patentis von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

Remark

cle06 | This unit was classified in the order Funarietalia hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957 by Marstaller (2006). (H. Bültmann).

TH01H (CLE-01H) Pseudephemerion nitidi Marstaller 2006

Pioneer bryophyte communities on silty loam in the supralittoral of oligotrophic to mesotrophic lakes, pools and rivers

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pseudephemerion nitidi Marstaller 2006

Synonyms

Remark

cle07 | This unit was classified in the order Funarietalia hygrometricae von Hübschmann 1957 by Marstaller (2006). (H. Bültmann).

TH02 (CLE-02) Dicranelletalia cerviculatae von Hübschmann 1957

Pioneer bryophyte and lichen communities on exposed peaty soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dicranelletalia cerviculatae von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

TH02A (CLE-02A) Dicranellion cerviculatae von Hübschmann 1957

Pioneer bryophyte and lichen communities on exposed peaty soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dicranellion cerviculatae von Hübschmann 1957

Synonyms

TH03 (CLE-03) Lophocoleetalia heterophyllae Barkman 1958

Sub-hygrophilous and hygrophilous bryophyte and lichen communities on rotting logs and occasionally on humus-covered rocks and soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lophocoleetalia heterophyllae Barkman 1958

Synonyms

TH03A (CLE-03A) Nowellion curvifoliae Philippi 1965 nom. conserv. propos.

Hygrophilous bryophyte communities on rotting logs at early stages of decay and on humus-covered rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nowellion curvifoliae Philippi 1965 nom. conserv. propos.

Synonyms

Remark

cle09 | Marstaller (2006: 149, 118) considered both the names 'Mnio-Plagiothecion Ştefureac 1941' and 'Blepharostomion Barkman 1958' as nomina dubia. We do not agree, but propose to conserve the established name Nowellion curvifoliae Philippi 1965 against the name Mnio punctati-Plagiothecion Ştefureac 1941. (H. Bültmann).

TH03B (CLE-03B) Tetraphidion pellucidae von Krusenstjerna 1945

Hygrophilous sciophilous bryophyte communities occasionally with lichens on rotting logs in late stages of decay and on humus and rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tetraphidion pellucidae von Krusenstjerna 1945

Synonyms

TH03C (CLE-03C) Cladonion coniocraeae Duvigneaud ex James et al. 1977

Sub-hygrophytic sub-sciophilous lichen communities on rotting logs, occasionally on humus covered rocks and soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladonion coniocraeae Duvigneaud ex James et al. 1977

Synonyms

TH04 (CLE-04) Brachythecietalia rutabulo-salebrosi Marstaller 1987

Communities of hemerophilous weft- and mat-forming pleurocarpous mosses on nutrient-rich rotting wood at any stage of decay and on root flares in habitats with base-rich soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Brachythecietalia rutabulo-salebrosi Marstaller 1987

Synonyms

TH04A (CLE-04A) Bryo capillaris-Brachythecion rutabili Lecointe 1975

Communities of hemerophilous weft- and mat-forming pleurocarpous mosses on nutrient-rich rotting wood at any stage of decay and on root flares in habitats with base-rich soil

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bryo capillaris-Brachythecion rutabili Lecointe 1975

Synonyms

UA (CHA) Charetea intermediae F. Fukarek 1961

Submerged macroalgal stonewort swards

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Charetea intermediae F. Fukarek 1961

Synonyms

Remark

cha01 | The name Charetea in Fukarek (1961: 161) is explicitly based on the single order 'Charetalia Sauer 1937'. The original diagnosis of the order containing only Chara intermedia, the name of the class can be completed with the specific epithet 'intermedia' according to ICPN Rec. 10C. (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

UA01 (CHA-01) Charetalia intermediae Sauer 1937

Submerged macroalgal stonewort swards in neutral to alkaline and lime-rich waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Charetalia intermediae Sauer 1937

Synonyms

Remark

cha05 | Sauer (1937: 432) published the name 'Charetalia' validly with the single alliance 'Charion'. As only Chara intermedia occurs in the original diagnosis of the alliance (see Remark cha09), it is possible to complete the name with the epithet according to ICPN 3 Rec. 10C. (H. Bültmann).

UA01A (CHA-01A) Charion intermediae Sauer 1937

Perennial submerged macroalgal stonewort swards in neutral to alkaline waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Charion intermediae Sauer 1937

Synonyms

Remark

cha09 | Sauer (1937: 432, 486) validly described the name 'Charion'. The original diagnosis of the alliance contains only one validly published association named 'Macrocharacetum'. In the relevés of the association Chara intermedia is the only species of the genus Chara. Therefore, it is possible to complete the name of the alliance with the specific epithet 'intermedia' according to ICPN 3 Rec. 10C. (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

UA01B (CHA-01B) Charion vulgaris (W. Krause et Lang 1977) W. Krause 1981

Ephemeral macroalgal stonewort swards in neutral to alkaline waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Charion vulgaris (W. Krause et Lang 1977) W. Krause 1981

Synonyms

Remark

cha13 | Krause & Lang (1977) described the Charion vulgaris at the rank of a suballiance that was later up-ranked to the alliance level by Krause (1981). (H. Bültmann).

UA01C (CHA-01C) Charion canescentis Krausch 1964

Submerged macroalgal stonewort swards in brackish waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Charion canescentis Krausch 1964

Synonyms

Remark

cha14 | Krausch (1964) was the first to classify the stonewort communities of brackish waters at the alliance level. Although Fukarek (1961) used the name 'Charion' without authority and included associations of brackish water in the alliance, he referred explicitly in the text to the 'Charion Sauer 1937' and 'Charetalia Sauer 1937' (Fukarek 1961: 160-161). (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

UA02 (CHA-02) Nitelletalia W. Krause 1969

Submerged stonewort swards in acidic and lime-poor waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nitelletalia W. Krause 1969

Synonyms

UA02A (CHA-02A) Nitellion flexilis W. Krause 1969

Atlantic-subatlantic submerged stonewort swards in acidic waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nitellion flexilis W. Krause 1969

Synonyms

UA02B (CHA-02B) Nitellion syncarpo-tenuissimae W. Krause 1969

Submerged macroalgal stonewort swards in prealpine lakes with neutral to alkaline water

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nitellion syncarpo-tenuissimae W. Krause 1969

Synonyms

UB (STI) Stigeoclonietea tenuis Arendt 1982

Benthic macroalgal vegetation of eutrophic lowland waters dominated by green filamentous and yellow-green siphon algae

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stigeoclonietea tenuis Arendt 1982

Synonyms

UB01 (STI-01) Stigeoclonietalia tenuis Arendt 1982

Benthic macroalgal vegetation of eutrophic lowland waters dominated by green filamentous and yellow-green siphon algae

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stigeoclonietalia tenuis Arendt 1982

Synonyms

UB01A (STI-01A) Cladophorion fractae Margalef 1951

Benthic vegetation of macroscopic green filamentous and yellow-green siphon algae in stagnant eutrophic waters of lowland regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cladophorion fractae Margalef 1951

Synonyms

UB01B (STI-01B) Stigeoclonion tenuis Arendt 1982

Benthic vegetation of macroscopic green filamentous and yellow-green siphon algae in eutrophic currents of lowland regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Stigeoclonion tenuis Arendt 1982

Synonyms

Remark

sti01 | Arendt (1982) validly published the name 'Stigeoclonion tenuis' although he listed the character species for the single association only and not for the alliance. The characteristic species of the association are then also characteristic species of the superior syntaxon (ICPN 3 art. 8). (H. Bültmann).

UC (LEF) Lemaneetea fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Submerged vegetation of macroscopic algal crusts and mats on hard substrates in fast flowing or turbulent freshwaters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lemaneetea fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Synonyms

Remark

lef01 | The floristic composition suggests a close relationship of this unit with the lichen communities of the Aspicilietea lacustris. (H. Bültmann).

UC01 (LEF-01) Lemaneetalia fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Submerged vegetation of macroscopic algal crusts and mats on hard substrates in fast flowing or turbulent freshwaters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lemaneetalia fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Synonyms

UC01A (LEF-01A) Lemaneion fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Submerged vegetation of macroscopic algal crusts and mats on hard substrates in fast-flowing and turbulent freshwater currents

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lemaneion fluviatilis Weber-Oldecop ex Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Synonyms

UC01B (LEF-01B) Batrachospermion gelatinosi Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Submerged vegetation of macroscopic algal crusts and mats on hard substrates in moderately fast-flowing freshwater currents

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Batrachospermion gelatinosi Bobrov et Chemeris 2012

Synonyms

UD (NAV) Naviculetea gregariae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Benthic microalgal and cyanobacterial communities in fresh, brackish and salt waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Naviculetea gregariae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

UD01 (NAV-01) Naviculetalia gregariae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Benthic microalgal and cyanobacterial communities in fresh and brackish waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Naviculetalia gregariae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

UD01A (NAV-01A) Oscillatorion limosae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Cyanobacterial mat-forming communities with diatoms in eutrophic and brackish lowland waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Oscillatorion limosae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

UD01B (NAV-01B) Melosirion variantis Margalef 1951

Benthic diatom communities in eutrophic or brackish lowland waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Melosirion variantis Margalef 1951

Synonyms

UD01C (NAV-01C) Cymbello-Synedrion capitatae Schlüter 1961

Benthic diatom communities of eutrophic lowland ponds

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymbello-Synedrion capitatae Schlüter 1961

Synonyms

Remark

nav01 | According to Schlüter (1961), the syntaxonomic position of this alliance is only tentative. (H. Bültmann).

UD01D (NAV-01D) Tribonemion Margalef 1951

Benthic microalgal communities in siderotrophic standing waterbodies

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Tribonemion Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav02 | The syntaxonomic position of this alliance remains uncertain. (H. Bültmann).

UD01E (NAV-01E) Synedrion tabulatae Margalef 1951

Benthic microalgal communities in oligohaline waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Synedrion tabulatae Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav03 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01F (NAV-01F) Achromation oxaliferi Margalef 1951

Benthic microalgal communities in standing waterbodies enriched by hydrogen sulphide

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Achromation oxaliferi Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav05 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01G (NAV-01G) Cymatopleurion elliptico-soleae Margalef 1951

Benthic microalgal communities in very slow-flowing waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cymatopleurion elliptico-soleae Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav06 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01H (NAV-01H) Calothricion Margalef 1951

Submerged microalgal biofilms on solid substrates in lime-rich waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Calothricion Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav07 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01I (NAV-01I) Diatomion hiemalis Margalef 1950

Benthic diatom and other microalgal communities in oligotrophic mountain creeks and springs

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Diatomion hiemalis Margalef 1950

Synonyms

Remark

nav08 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01J (NAV-01J) Hydrococcion rivularis-cesatii Margalef 1951

Benthic microalgal communities on hard substrates in mountain creeks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hydrococcion rivularis-cesatii Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav09 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01K (NAV-01K) Nostocion zetterstedtii Margalef 1951

Microalgal biofilms on solid substrates in mountain freshwater lakes of Southern Europe

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Nostocion zetterstedtii Margalef 1951

Synonyms

Remark

nav10 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UD01L (NAV-01L) Euastrion Margalef 1949

Benthic and planktic microalgal communities in dystrophic waters of high-altitude bog pools

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Euastrion Margalef 1949

Synonyms

Remark

nav11 | See Remark nav02. (H. Bültmann).

UE (AST) Asterionelletea formosae Täuscher 1998

Planktic microalgal communities in fresh, brackish and salt waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asterionelletea formosae Täuscher 1998

Synonyms

UE01 (AST-01) Asterionelletalia formosae Täuscher 1998

Planktic microalgal communities in fresh and brackish waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asterionelletalia formosae Täuscher 1998

Synonyms

UE01A (AST-01A) Asterionellion formosae Möller et Pankow 1981

Planktic diatom and other microalgal communities in eutrophic freshwater or brackish lowland waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Asterionellion formosae Möller et Pankow 1981

Synonyms

Remark

ast02 | The name Asterionellion was validly published in Möller & Pankow (1981: 321). Although no type was indicated, there is only one validly published association in the original diagnosis of the alliance. The original diagnosis of the alliance contains two associations, such as the ’Fragilario crotonensis-Asterionelletum formosae (Messikommer 1927) Möller 1977’ and the ‘Melosiretum variantis Budde 1930’. The former name corresponds to an illegitimate correction of the validly published name ‘Fragilario crotonensis-Asterionelletum gracillimae Messikommer 1927’ (Messikommer 1927: 26-27; Möller & Pankow 1981: 304) to which the authors provided an unambiguous bibliographical reference. The name 'Melosiretum variantis Budde 1930' was invalidly published in Budde (1930) (ICPN art. 2b). The three names (Melosiretum variantis rivulare Symoens 1951, Melosiretum variantis fluviatile Symoens 1951 and Diatometo vulgaris-Melosiretum variantis Symoens 1954 (original form)) included in the synonymy of the Melosiretum variantis were also invalidly published (art. 2b). Although Möller & Pankow (1981) did provide a table of relevés to document the association, they failed to designate the type. Therefore, the name Melosiretum variantis remained invalidly published. Consequently, there is only one sufficient element left in the original diagnosis of the alliance and the name Asterionellion formosae Möller et Pankow 1981 is validly published, with only Asterionella formosa being present in the relevés of Messikommer (1927). As Möller & Pankow (1981) retain the name Asterionella formosa, the name of the new alliance can be completed with the epithet 'formosae' (ICPN Rec. 10C), although Messikommer (1927) used the synonym A. gracillima. (H. Bültmann, J.-P. Theurillat).

UE01B (AST-01B) Aphanizomeno floris-aquae-Microcystion aeruginosae Täuscher 1995

Planktic cyanobacterial microalgal communities in eutrophic freshwater and brackish lowland waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Aphanizomeno floris-aquae-Microcystion aeruginosae Täuscher 1995

Synonyms

UE01C (AST-01C) Pediastro duplicis-Scenedesmion quadricaudae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Planktic microalgal communities dominated by green algae in strongly eutrophic and brackish lowland waters

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pediastro duplicis-Scenedesmion quadricaudae Täuscher in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

VA (BRH) Bracteacocco minoris-Hantzschietea amphioxyos Khaybullina et al. 2005

Soil algae communities in the upper layer of disturbed chernozem and grey forest soil in the steppe and forest-steppe zones

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bracteacocco minoris-Hantzschietea amphioxyos Khaybullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

Remark

brh01 | The description of the class, orders, and alliances were published twice, in the Russian original and also in an English translation. The Russian text (Khaybullina et al. 2006) was printed later than the English translation (Khaybullina et al. 2005), the latter then becoming the effective publication of the names. (H. Bültmann).

VA01 (BRH-01) Eustigmatetalia magni Khaybullina et al. 2005

Communities of green and yellow-green algae in the upper layer of grey forest soil in (sub)urban environments in the forest-steppe zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Eustigmatetalia magni Khaybullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

VA01A (BRH-01A) Chlamydomonado ellipticae-Desmotetrion stigmaticae Sukhanova et Ishbirdin in Khabullina et al. 2005

Algae communities in the upper soil layer of deciduous forests, plantations, and synanthropic grasslands in urban environments in the forest-steppe zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Chlamydomonado ellipticae-Desmotetrion stigmaticae Sukhanova et Ishbirdin in Khabullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

VA01B (BRH-01B) Naviculo nivalis-Phormidion dimorphi Sukhanova et Ishbirdin in Khabullina et al. 2005

Algae communities in the upper layer of disturbed, compacted or contaminated acid or slightly saline soil in towns in the forest-steppe zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Naviculo nivalis-Phormidion dimorphi Sukhanova et Ishbirdin in Khabullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

VA02 (BRH-02) Phormidio interrupti-Oscillatorietalia amoenae Khaybullina et al. 2005

Communities of filamentous cyanobacteria and diatoms in the upper layer of chernozem in (sub)urban environments in the steppe zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Phormidio interrupti-Oscillatorietalia amoenae Khaybullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

VA02A (BRH-02A) Amphoro ovalis-Phormidion uncinati Khaybullina et al. 2005

Algae communities in the upper layers of disturbed, compacted and salinised soils in urban environments in the steppe zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Amphoro ovalis-Phormidion uncinati Khaybullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

VA02B (BRH-02B) Klebsormidio flaccidi-Myrmeсion biаtorellae Khaybullina et al. 2005

Algae communities in the upper layers of slightly shaded chernozem soils in anthropogenic grasslands and parks in the steppe zone

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Klebsormidio flaccidi-Myrmeсion biаtorellae Khaybullina et al. 2005

Synonyms

WA (GLO) Gloeocapsetea sanguineae Bültmann et Golubić in Bültmann et al. 2015

Vegetation of aerophytic microalgal films on calcareous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gloeocapsetea sanguineae Bültmann et Golubić in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

WA01 (GLO-01) Gloeocapsetalia sanguineae Bültmann et Golubić in Bültmann et al. 2015

Vegetation of aerophytic microalgal films on calcareous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gloeocapsetalia sanguineae Bültmann et Golubić in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

WA01A (GLO-01A) Gloeocapsion sanguineae Golubić 1967

Vegetation of aerophytic microalgal films on calcareous rocks

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Gloeocapsion sanguineae Golubić 1967

Synonyms

WB (DES) Desmococcetea olivacei Bültmann in Bültmann et al. 2015

Microalgal vegetation of aerophytic green algae on acidic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Desmococcetea olivacei Bültmann in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

WB01 (DES-01) Desmococcetalia olivacei Bültmann in Bültmann et al. 2015

Microalgal vegetation of aerophytic green algae on acidic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Desmococcetalia olivacei Bültmann in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

WB01A (DES-01A) Desmococcion olivacei Bültmann in Bültmann et al. 2015

Microalgal vegetation of aerophytic green algae on acidic substrates

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Desmococcion olivacei Bültmann in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

Remark

des01 | The syntaxa are described from bark. The algal vegetation on acidic rock surfaces is syntaxonomically unexplored. (H. Bültmann).

XA (MES) Mesotaenietea berggrenii Bültmann et Takeuchi in Bültmann et al. 2015

Cryophytic algae in and on the surface of (semi)permanent snow and ice in the alpine or polar regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mesotaenietea berggrenii Bültmann et Takeuchi in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

XA01 (MES-01) Mesotaenietalia berggrenii Bültmann et Takeuchi in Bültmann et al. 2015

Cryophytic algae in and on the surface of (semi)permanent snow and ice in the alpine or polar regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mesotaenietalia berggrenii Bültmann et Takeuchi in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

XA01A (MES-01A) Mesotaenion berggrenii Bültmann et Takeuchi in Bültmann et al. 2015

Cryophytic algae in and on the surface of (semi)permanent snow and ice in the alpine or polar regions

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mesotaenion berggrenii Bültmann et Takeuchi in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YA (ENT) Entophysalidetea deustae Giaccone in Bültmann et al. 2015

Photophytic marine macro- and microalgal communities on hard substrates in the supra- and eulittoral zones of seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Entophysalidetea deustae Giaccone in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YA01 (ENT-01) Pleurocapsetalia gloeocapsoidis Ercegović 1932

Marine cyanobacterial communities on hard substrates in the supralittoral zone of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Pleurocapsetalia gloeocapsoidis Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YA01A (ENT-01A) Scopulonemion hansgirgiani Ercegović 1932

Marine epilithic cyanobacterial communities on calcareous hard substrates in sheltered habitats in the supralittoral zone of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Scopulonemion hansgirgiani Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YA01B (ENT-01B) Hormathonemion violaceonigri Ercegović 1932

Marine partly endolithic cyanobacterial communities on calcareous hard substrates in exposed habitats in the supralittoral zone of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hormathonemion violaceonigri Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YA01C (ENT-01C) Ulothricio-Bangion fuscopurpureae Den Hartog 1959

Photophytic marine cyanobacterial and macroalgal communities on eutrophic hard substrates in the supralittoral zone of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulothricio-Bangion fuscopurpureae Den Hartog 1959

Synonyms

Remark

ent07 | Julve (1992) classified the Ulothricio subflaccidae-Bangion fuscopurpureae Den Hartog 1959 in the Ulvetalia lactucae. (H. Bültmann).

YA02 (ENT-02) Bangietalia atropurpureae Giaccone in Giaccone et al. 1993

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the upper eulittoral zone of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Bangietalia atropurpureae Giaccone in Giaccone et al. 1993

Synonyms

YA02A (ENT-02A) Porphyrion leucostictae Julve 1992

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the upper and middle eulittoral level of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Porphyrion leucostictae Julve 1992

Synonyms

YA03 (ENT-03) Neogoniolitho notarisii-Nemodermetalia tingitani Molinier 1960

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the lower eulittoral zone of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Neogoniolitho notarisii-Nemodermetalia tingitani Molinier 1960

Synonyms

YA03A (ENT-03A) Neogoniolitho notarisii-Nemodermion tingitani Molinier 1960

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the lower eulittoral zone of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Neogoniolitho notarisii-Nemodermion tingitani Molinier 1960

Synonyms

YA04 (ENT-04) Fucetalia vesiculosi Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the eulittoral zone of the Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fucetalia vesiculosi Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YA04A (ENT-04A) Ascophyllion nodosi Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the upper eulittoral zone of the Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ascophyllion nodosi Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YA04B (ENT-04B) Fucion serrati Julve et Manneville 2006

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the lower eulittoral zone of the Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Fucion serrati Julve et Manneville 2006

Synonyms

Remark

ent14 | Julve & Manneville (2006) have not selected a type, but they included in the alliance together with seven invalid associations the validly published Fucetum serrati den Hartog 1959 as the only element suitable to be considered as the type (ICPN 3 art. 5). (H. Bültmann).

YA05 (ENT-05) Dalmatelletalia polyformis Ercegović 1932

Partly endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the low supralittoral zone on calcareous rocks of Eastern Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Dalmatelletalia polyformis Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

Remark

ent15 | Some of the characteristic species are also known from Atlantic coasts and it is possible that the order has a wider distribution area than currently known. To our knowledge the name has not been typified yet and we do it here. Lectotypus hoc loco: Solention foveolarum Ercegović 1932 (Ercegović 1932: 190, 196-200). (H. Bültmann).

YA05A (ENT-05A) Entophysalidion granulosae Ercegović 1932

Partly endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the low supralittoral zone on flat flysch and dolomite rocks of Eastern Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Entophysalidion granulosae Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YA05B (ENT-05B) Solention foveolarum Ercegović 1932

Partly endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the low supralittoral zone on dissected karstic rocks of Eastern Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Solention foveolarum Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YA06 (ENT-06) Hyelletalia caespitosae Ercegović 1932

Endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the upper eulittoral zone mostly on calcareous rocks along Adriatic and Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Hyelletalia caespitosae Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

Remark

ent16 | See Remark ent15. To our knowledge the name has not been typified yet and we do it here. Lectotypus hoc loco: Mastigocoleion testarum Ercegović 1932 (Ercegović 1932: 190-194). (H. Bültmann).

YA06A (ENT-06A) Mastigocoleion testarum Ercegović 1932

Endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the upper eulittoral zone on coastal flysch and other subacidic rocky substrates along Adriatic and Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Mastigocoleion testarum Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YA06B (ENT-06B) Solention achromaticae Ercegović 1932

Endolithic cyanobacterial communities in the upper eulittoral zone on karstic rocks along Adriatic and Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Solention achromaticae Ercegović 1932

Synonyms

YB (CYS) Cystoseiretea Giaccone 1965

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones of Atlantic and Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cystoseiretea Giaccone 1965

Synonyms

Remark

cys01 | Though Giaccone (1965: 34) used a syntaxonomical scheme without author names, he adopted the syntaxonomical scheme of Molinier (1960) with the bibliographical error of citing the work as 1959 (Giaccone 1965: 32). Modifications to the scheme of Molinier are attributed to the author (Giaccone 1965: 33). Thus of the Cystoseiretea, Cystoseiretalia and Cystoseirion, the latter two can be attributed to Molinier (1960), while the class is described by Giaccone (1965). (H. Bültmann).

YB01 (CYS-01) Cystoseiretalia Molinier 1960

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cystoseiretalia Molinier 1960

Synonyms

YB01A (CYS-01A) Cystoseirion crinitae Molinier 1960

Strongly photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Cystoseirion crinitae Molinier 1960

Synonyms

Remark

cys03 | Molinier (1960) frequently used the name Cystoseirion without an epithet. However, it can be seen on p. 227 that he instated the alliance Cystoseirion crinitae with, in addition, a tentative name Cystoseirion strictae (ICPN art. 3b). (H. Bültmann).

YB01B (CYS-01B) Sargassion hornschuchii Giaccone 1972

Moderately photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Sargassion hornschuchii Giaccone 1972

Synonyms

YB02 (CYS-02) Laminarietalia hyperboreae Julve 1992

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral zone along Atlantic Ocean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Laminarietalia hyperboreae Julve 1992

Synonyms

YB02A (CYS-02A) Laminarion saccharinae Julve 1992

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in sheltered habitats of the infralittoral zones along Atlantic Ocean shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Laminarion saccharinae Julve 1992

Synonyms

YB02B (CYS-02B) Laminarion hyperboreae Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral zone under strong surf along Atlantic Ocean shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Laminarion hyperboreae Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YB03 (CYS-03) Ulvetalia lactucae Molinier 1960

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on nutrient-enriched hard substrates in the (eu-) infralittoral and circalittoral zones along the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulvetalia lactucae Molinier 1960

Synonyms

YB03A (CYS-03A) Ulvo lactucae-Corallinion mediterraneae Vignes ex Julve 1992

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on nutrient-enriched hard substrates exposed to wave action in the (eu-) infra- and circalittoral zones of the Mediterranean Sea

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulvo lactucae-Corallinion mediterraneae Vignes ex Julve 1992

Synonyms

Remark

cys06 | Julve (1992) did not designate a type, but listed only two associations, one not effectively published (hence not suitable to serve as a type), and a valid one ('Pterocladio pinnatae-Ulvetum lactucae Molinier 58; for Molinier 1958 and 1960 see Remark cys02), becoming the type. (H. Bültmann).

YB03B (CYS-03B) Ulvion rigidae Berner 1931 corr. Giaccone et al. 1994

Photophytic marine macroalgal communities on nutrient-enriched, sheltered hard substrates of the lower eulittoral zone of the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Ulvion rigidae Berner 1931 corr. Giaccone et al. 1994

Synonyms

Remark

cys08 | In Berner (1931) Ulva lactuca is the only Ulva species in the original diagnosis of the name 'Ulvion' described from the Mediterranean Sea. Boudouresque et al. (1977) proposed to correct the name of one of the associations, the Ulvetum lactucae Berner 1931, to Ulvetum rigidae, because Ulva rigida is the most common species in that habitat in the Mediterranean. Giaccone et al. (1994a: 139, 141) applied the correction also to the names of higher syntaxa. Ulva lactuca is excluded from the Mediterranean Sea in recent monographs (e.g. Cormaci et al. 2014). (H. Bültmann).

YC (LIS) Lithophylletea soluti Giaccone 1965

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones of Mediterranean and Atlantic Ocean shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lithophylletea soluti Giaccone 1965

Synonyms

Remark

lis01 | The name 'Lithophylletea' was published without an epithet by Giaccone (1965). As Lithophyllum solutum as the only Lithophyllum species occurring in the original diagnosis the name can be completed according to ICPN Rec. 10C. (H. Bültmann).

YC01 (LIS-01) Rhodymenietalia ardissonei Augier et Boudouresque 1975

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral zone along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Rhodymenietalia ardissonei Augier et Boudouresque 1975

Synonyms

YC01A (LIS-01A) Petroglossion nicaensis Boudouresque et Cinelli 1971

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral zone in habitats with multi-directional water movement along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Petroglossion nicaensis Boudouresque et Cinelli 1971

Synonyms

YC01B (LIS-01B) Peyssonnelion Augier et Boudouresque 1975

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates in the infralittoral zone with one-directional water movement or in sheltered sites along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Peyssonnelion Augier et Boudouresque 1975

Synonyms

YC02 (LIS-02) Lithophylletalia soluti Giaccone 1965

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on mobile hard substrates such as pebble beds in the circalittoral zone along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lithophylletalia soluti Giaccone 1965

Synonyms

Remark

lis02 | See Remark lis01. (H. Bültmann).

YC02A (LIS-02A) Lithophyllion soluti Giaccone 1965

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on mobile hard substrates such as pebble beds in the circalittoral zone along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Lithophyllion soluti Giaccone 1965

Synonyms

Remark

lis03 | See Remark lis01. (H. Bültmann).

YC03 (LIS-03) Delesserietalia sanguinei Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates mostly in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Atlantic Ocean shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Delesserietalia sanguinei Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YC03A (LIS-03A) Delesserion sanguineae Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Sciophilous marine macroalgal communities on hard substrates mostly in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Atlantic Ocean shores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Delesserion sanguineae Julve in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YD (CAU) Caulerpetea racemosae Giaccone et Di Martino in Bültmann et al. 2015

Marine macroalgal communities on soft substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caulerpetea racemosae Giaccone et Di Martino in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YD01 (CAU-01) Caulerpetalia racemosae Giaccone et Di Martino in Bültmann et al. 2015

Marine macroalgal communities on soft substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caulerpetalia racemosae Giaccone et Di Martino in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

YD01A (CAU-01A) Caulerpion racemosae Giaccone et Di Martino in Bültmann et al. 2015

Marine macroalgal communities on soft substrates in the infralittoral and circalittoral zones along Mediterranean seashores

EuroVegChecklist name (Mucina et al. 2016)

Caulerpion racemosae Giaccone et Di Martino in Bültmann et al. 2015

Synonyms

Bibliography

AA (PAP) Drabo corymbosae-Papaveretea dahliani Daniëls, Elvebakk et Matveyeva in Daniëls et al. 2016

AB (KOB) Carici rupestris-Kobresietea bellardii Ohba 1974

AC (LOI) Loiseleurio procumbentis-Vaccinietea Eggler ex Schubert 1960

AD (SAX) Saxifrago tricuspidatae-Calamagrostietea purpurascentis Drees et Daniëls 2009

AE (COC) Saxifrago cernuae-Cochlearietea groenlandicae Mucina et Daniëls in Mucina et al. 2016

BA (PIC) Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939

BB (ASA) Asaro europaei-Abietetea sibiricae Ermakov, Mucina et Zhitlukhina in Willner et al. 2016

BC (BRA) Brachypodio pinnati-Betuletea pendulae Ermakov et al. 1991

BD (PYR) Pyrolo-Pinetea sylvestris Korneck 1974

CA (FAG) Carpino-Fagetea sylvaticae Jakucs ex Passarge 1968

CB (PUB) Quercetea pubescentis Doing-Kraft ex Scamoni et Passarge 1959

CC (QUE) Quercetea robori-petraeae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Oberd. 1957

CD (RHA) Crataego-Prunetea Tx. 1962 nom. conserv. propos.

CE (LON) Lonicero-Rubetea plicati Haveman, Schaminée et Stortelder in Stortelder et al. 1999

CF (ROB) Robinietea Jurko ex Hadač et Sofron 1980

CG (ARE) Salicetea arenariae Weber 1999

CH (ULI) Calluno-Ulicetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

CI (NAR) Nardetea strictae Rivas Goday et Borja Carbonell in Rivas Goday et Mayor López 1966 nom. conserv. propos.

CJ (COR) Koelerio-Corynephoretea canescentis Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

CK (SED) Sedo-Scleranthetea Br.-Bl. 1955

CL (GER) Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei T. Müller 1962

CM (MOL) Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937

CN (SAB) Junipero-Pinetea sylvestris Rivas-Mart. 1965 nom. invers. propos.

CO (ERI) Erico-Pinetea Horvat 1959

CP (MUG) Roso pendulinae-Pinetea mugo Theurillat in Theurillat et al. 1995

CQ (RHO) Rhododendro hirsuti-Ericetea carneae Schubert et al. 2001

CR (VIR) Betulo carpaticae-Alnetea viridis Rejmánek ex Bœuf, Theurillat, Willner, Mucina et Simler in Bœuf et al. 2014

CS (MUL) Mulgedio-Aconitetea Hadač et Klika in Klika et Hadač 1944

CT (TRI) Juncetea trifidi Hadač in Klika et Hadač 1944

CU (SES) Elyno-Seslerietea Br.-Bl. 1948

DA (FES) Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Soó 1947

DB (FEP) Festuco-Puccinellietea Soó ex Vicherek 1973

DC (CRY) Crypsietea aculeatae Vicherek 1973

EA (LER) Artemisietea lerchianae Golub 1994

EB (TAM) Tamaricetea arceuthoidis Akhani et Mucina 2015

EC (KAL) Kalidietea foliati Mirkin et al. ex Rukhlenko 2012

ED (AEL) Aeluropodetea littoralis Golub et al. 2001

FA (QUI) Quercetea ilicis Br.-Bl. ex A. Bolòs et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

FB (ROS) Ononido-Rosmarinetea Br.-Bl. in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

FC (LAV) Cisto-Lavanduletea stoechadis Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1940

FD (NER) Nerio-Tamaricetea Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

FE (CYT) Cytisetea scopario-striati Rivas-Mart. 1974

FF (LYG) Lygeo sparti-Stipetea tenacissimae Rivas-Mart. 1978 nom. conserv. propos.

FG (SAC) Stipo giganteae-Agrostietea castellanae Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

FH (BUL) Poetea bulbosae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. in Rivas-Mart. 1978

FI (TUB) Helianthemetea guttati Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1963

FJ (TRA) Stipo-Trachynietea distachyae S. Brullo in S. Brullo et al. 2001

FK (PEG) Pegano harmalae-Salsoletea vermiculatae Br.-Bl. et O. de Bolòs 1958

FL (IND) Festucetea indigestae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Mart. 1971

FM (PIL) Saginetea piliferae Gamisans 1975

FN (RUM) Rumici-Astragaletea siculi Pignatti et Nimis in E. Pignatti et al. 1980

FO (ANA) Trifolio anatolici-Polygonetea arenastri Quézel 1973

FP (ONO) Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

FQ (GEN) Carici-Genistetea lobelii Klein 1972

FR (DAP) Daphno-Festucetea Quézel 1964

FS (CYP) Diantho troodi-Teucrietea cyprii S. Brullo et al. 2005

GA (KLE) Kleinio neriifoliae-Euphorbietea canariensis (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1965) Santos 1976

GB (OLE) Oleo cerasiformis-Rhamnetea crenulatae Santos ex Rivas-Mart. 1987

GC (LAU) Pruno lusitanicae-Lauretea azoricae Oberd. ex Rivas-Mart. et al. 1977

GD (AZO) Lauro azoricae-Juniperetea brevifoliae Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

GE (CAN) Cytiso-Pinetea canariensis Rivas Goday et Esteve ex Esteve 1969

GF (SUP) Spartocytisetea supranubii Schönfelder et Voggenreiter 1994

GG (MOQ) Polycarpaeo niveae-Traganetea moquini Rivas-Mart. et Wildpret in Rivas-Mart. et al. 2002

GH (AEO) Aeonio-Greenovietea Santos 1976

GI (VIO) Violetea cheiranthifoliae Voggenreiter ex Mucina in Mucina et al. 2016

GJ (TOL) Tolpido azoricae-Holcetea rigidi Fernández Prieto et Aguiar in Fernández Prieto et al. 2012

HA (POP) Alno glutinosae-Populetea albae P. Fukarek et Fabijanić 1968

HB (PUR) Salicetea purpureae Moor 1958

IA (ALN) Alnetea glutinosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

IB (FRA) Franguletea Doing ex Westhoff in Westhoff et Den Held 1969

JA (SAG) Saginetea maritimae Westhoff et al. 1962

JB (CRI) Crithmo-Staticetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

JC (CAK) Cakiletea maritimae Tx. et Preising in Tx. ex Br.-Bl. et Tx. 1952

JD (AMM) Ammophiletea arundinaceae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

KA (ADI) Adiantetea Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

KB (POD) Polypodietea Jurko et Peciar ex Boşcaiu, Gergely et Codoreanu in Raţiu et al. 1966

KC (ASP) Asplenietea trichomanis (Br.-Bl. in Meier et Br.-Bl. 1934) Oberd. 1977

KD (CYM) Cymbalario-Parietarietea diffusae Oberd. 1969

KE (THL) Thlaspietea rotundifolii Br.-Bl. 1948

KF (LAM) Lamio tomentosi-Chaerophylletea humilis Belonovskaya et al. 2014

KG (PHA) Phagnalo saxatilis-Rumicetea indurati (Rivas Goday et Esteve 1972) Rivas-Mart. et al. 1973

KH (DRY) Drypidetea spinosae Quézel 1964

LA (HER) Salicetea herbaceae Br.-Bl. 1948

MA (ZOS) Zosteretea Pignatti 1953

MB (HAL) Halodulo wrightii-Thalassietea testudinum Rivas-Mart. et al. 1999

MC (RUP) Ruppietea maritimae J. Tx. ex Den Hartog et Segal 1964

MD (SPA) Spartinetea maritimae Beeftink 1962

ME (THE) Thero-Salicornietea Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958

MF (JUN) Juncetea maritimi Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

MG (SAL) Salicornietea fruticosae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex A. Bolòs y Vayreda et O. de Bolòs in A. Bolòs y Vayreda 1950

NA (LEM) Lemnetea O. de Bolòs et Masclans 1955

NB (POT) Potamogetonetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

OA (MON) Montio-Cardaminetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Klika et Hadač 1944

OB (LIT) Littorelletea uniflorae Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

OC (ISO) Isoëto-Nanojuncetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

OD (PHR) Phragmito-Magnocaricetea Klika in Klika et Novák 1941

PA (SCH) Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea fuscae Tx. 1937

PB (OXY) Oxycocco-Sphagnetea Br.-Bl. et Tx. ex Westhoff et al. 1946

QA (PAR) Papaveretea rhoeadis S. Brullo et al. 2001 nom. conserv. propos.

QB (SIS) Sisymbrietea Gutte et Hilbig 1975

QC (CHE) Chenopodietea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1952

QD (DIG) Digitario sanguinalis-Eragrostietea minoris Mucina, Lososová et Šilc in Mucina et al. 2016

QE (POL) Polygono-Poetea annuae Rivas-Mart. 1975

QF (ART) Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer et al. in Tx. ex von Rochow 1951

QG (EPI) Epilobietea angustifolii Tx. et Preising ex von Rochow 1951

QH (ARC) Matricario-Poetea arcticae A. Ishbirdin in Sumina 2012

QI (BID) Bidentetea Tx. et al. ex von Rochow 1951

QJ (ORY) Oryzetea sativae Miyawaki 1960