Echinops pungens

Data

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Fruit, seed and dispersal

Seed mass [mg]:

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Dispersal mode: Epizoochory

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Dispersal mode
Categories

Local non-specific dispersal

Myrmecochory

Anemochory

Dyszoochory

Endozoochory

Epizoochory

Anthropochory

Hydrochory

Data source and citation

Lososová Z., Axmanová I., Chytrý M., Midolo G., Abdulhak S., Karger D.N., Renaud J., Van Es J., Vittoz P. & Thuiller W. (2023). Seed dispersal distance classes and dispersal modes for the European flora. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32(9), 1485–1494.
Dispersal distance class: 6

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Dispersal distance class

Data source and citation

Lososová Z., Axmanová I., Chytrý M., Midolo G., Abdulhak S., Karger D.N., Renaud J., Van Es J., Vittoz P. & Thuiller W. (2023). Seed dispersal distance classes and dispersal modes for the European flora. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32(9), 1485–1494.

Trophic mode

Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy: autotroph

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Parasitism and mycoheterotrophy
Categories

autotroph

euphytoid hemiparasite

obligate root parasite

mistletoe

parasitic vine

endophytic parasite

initial or partial mycoheterotroph

full mycoheterotroph

Data source and citation
Carnivory: non-carnivorous

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Carnivory
Categories

carnivorous

non-carnivorous

Data source and citation
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation: no nitrogen-fixing symbionts

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Symbiotic nitrogen fixation
Categories

symbiosis with rhizobia

likely symbiosis with rhizobia

unlikely symbiosis with rhizobia

symbiosis with frankia

symbiosis with cyanobacteria

no nitrogen-fixing symbionts

Data source and citation

Distribution

Country-based map: Euro+Med Plantbase

Subordinate taxa

number of results: 3

Echinops raddeanus Echinops szovitsii Echinops conrathii

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