Carduus meonanthus

Categories

• Annual
• Biennial or short-lived
• Perennial

Data source and citation

Dřevojan, P., Čeplová, N., Štěpánková, P., & Axmanová, I. (2023). Life span. – www.FloraVeg.EU.

Categories

• Phanerophyte
• Chamaephyte
• Hemicryptophyte
• Geophyte
• Hydrophyte
• Therophyte
• Epiphyte
• Tree
• Shrub
• Woody liana
• Semi-shrub
• Dwarf shrub
• Herbaceous liana

Data source and citation

Dřevojan, P., Čeplová, N., Štěpánková, P., & Axmanová, I. (2023) Life form. – www.FloraVeg.EU.

Categories

• spinescent
• not spinescent

Data source and citation

Data source and citation

Categories

• Local non-specific dispersal
• Myrmecochory
• Anemochory
• Dyszoochory
• Endozoochory
• Epizoochory
• Anthropochory
• Hydrochory

Data source and citation

Lososová Z., Axmanová I., Chytrý M., Midolo G., Abdulhak S., Karger D.N., Renaud J., Van Es J., Vittoz P. & Thuiller W. (2023). Seed dispersal distance classes and dispersal modes for the European flora. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32(9), 1485–1494.

Data source and citation

Lososová Z., Axmanová I., Chytrý M., Midolo G., Abdulhak S., Karger D.N., Renaud J., Van Es J., Vittoz P. & Thuiller W. (2023). Seed dispersal distance classes and dispersal modes for the European flora. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32(9), 1485–1494.

Categories

• autotroph
• euphytoid hemiparasite
• obligate root parasite
• mistletoe
• parasitic vine
• endophytic parasite
• initial or partial mycoheterotroph
• full mycoheterotroph

Data source and citation

Categories

• carnivorous
• non-carnivorous

Data source and citation

Categories

• symbiosis with rhizobia
• likely symbiosis with rhizobia
• unlikely symbiosis with rhizobia
• symbiosis with frankia
• symbiosis with cyanobacteria
• no nitrogen-fixing symbionts

Data source and citation

Categories

• native
• archeophyte
• neophyte

Data source and citation